The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Congenitally missing & supernumerary teethBaha'adeen Ali
The document discusses congenitally missing teeth (hypodontia), supernumerary teeth, and their management. It notes that hypodontia affects about 20% of adults and involves missing 1-5 permanent teeth (excluding wisdom teeth). Supernumerary teeth are additional teeth that can occur in any region, with mesiodens being the most common type found in the maxillary midline. Both conditions can cause problems like failure of eruption or displacement. Treatment depends on the specific teeth involved and may include removal, especially if causing issues, or monitoring without removal.
Dental cements are materials used to join teeth and prosthetics or restorations. This document discusses different types of dental cements including their compositions, properties, clinical uses, and manipulation techniques. Zinc phosphate cement is the first cement described and is commonly used for permanent luting. Zinc polycarboxylate cement exhibits chemical bonding and is also used for permanent luting. Glass ionomer cement is tooth-colored, anticariogenic, and bonds adhesively to tooth structure making it suitable for restorations.
Alginate is an irreversible hydrocolloid impression material made from seaweed. It consists of gelatin particles suspended in water. When the powder and water are mixed, it forms a sol that transitions to a gel through a chemical reaction where soluble alginate reacts with calcium sulfate to form insoluble calcium alginate. This reaction is delayed by adding trisodium phosphate. Alginate has adequate working and setting times and is used for impressions where there are undercuts or excess saliva. It provides detailed impressions but is prone to dimensional changes with moisture changes.
As age affect the our body parts similary it also affect the periodontium. To treat people with different age efficiently we need to understand the changes associated with periodontim.
Biological considerations of dental materials and cavity preparationIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Congenitally missing & supernumerary teethBaha'adeen Ali
The document discusses congenitally missing teeth (hypodontia), supernumerary teeth, and their management. It notes that hypodontia affects about 20% of adults and involves missing 1-5 permanent teeth (excluding wisdom teeth). Supernumerary teeth are additional teeth that can occur in any region, with mesiodens being the most common type found in the maxillary midline. Both conditions can cause problems like failure of eruption or displacement. Treatment depends on the specific teeth involved and may include removal, especially if causing issues, or monitoring without removal.
Dental cements are materials used to join teeth and prosthetics or restorations. This document discusses different types of dental cements including their compositions, properties, clinical uses, and manipulation techniques. Zinc phosphate cement is the first cement described and is commonly used for permanent luting. Zinc polycarboxylate cement exhibits chemical bonding and is also used for permanent luting. Glass ionomer cement is tooth-colored, anticariogenic, and bonds adhesively to tooth structure making it suitable for restorations.
Alginate is an irreversible hydrocolloid impression material made from seaweed. It consists of gelatin particles suspended in water. When the powder and water are mixed, it forms a sol that transitions to a gel through a chemical reaction where soluble alginate reacts with calcium sulfate to form insoluble calcium alginate. This reaction is delayed by adding trisodium phosphate. Alginate has adequate working and setting times and is used for impressions where there are undercuts or excess saliva. It provides detailed impressions but is prone to dimensional changes with moisture changes.
As age affect the our body parts similary it also affect the periodontium. To treat people with different age efficiently we need to understand the changes associated with periodontim.
Biological considerations of dental materials and cavity preparationIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Maxillary major connectors are an important component of removable partial dentures that join the denture bases on each side of the dental arch. There are several types of maxillary major connectors including single palatal straps, combination anterior and posterior palatal straps, palatal plates, U-shaped connectors, single palatal bars, and anterior-posterior palatal bars. The ideal major connector is rigid, protects soft tissues, provides indirect retention, promotes patient comfort, and is self-cleansing. Proper design of the major connector involves outlining the denture base areas, non-bearing tissues, and connector areas on the diagnostic cast.
Aging is a natural process that affects the entire body in complex ways. It involves the slowing of functions over time due to biological, psychological, and social factors. The elderly population is growing rapidly, with over 20% of the US population expected to be over 65 by 2030. Aging leads to changes in nearly every body system through various proposed mechanisms like the free radical theory of aging. The periodontium is also affected by aging through thinning tissues, decreased function, and increased risk of periodontal disease. Maintaining good oral health is important for the elderly population.
The document provides information on alloys used in prosthodontics. It begins with an introduction that defines an alloy as a mixture of two or more metals. It then provides a timeline of important events in the history of alloys used in dentistry. The document proceeds to discuss different types of metals used in alloys, including noble metals and base metals. It also covers topics such as solidification and crystallization of metals, phase diagrams, and heat treatments. Finally, it concludes by classifying different types of alloys and discussing their applications in dentistry.
This document summarizes three types of dental cements: zinc phosphate cement, zinc polycarboxylate cement, and zinc oxide eugenol cement. It describes the introduction, composition, setting reaction, properties, manipulation and applications of each cement. Zinc phosphate cement is the oldest luting cement and involves a reaction between zinc oxide and phosphoric acid. Zinc polycarboxylate cement bonds to tooth structure through a reaction between polyacrylic acid and calcium ions. Zinc oxide eugenol cement sets through a reaction between zinc oxide, water and eugenol, and has sedative properties making it the least irritating to dental pulps.
Contents of this slide
Introduction
Terminologies
History
Classification
Composition
Methods of Strengthening Ceramics.
Metal-Ceramic restorations
All Ceramic restorations
Mechanical and thermal properties of dental ceramics.
Optical properties of dental ceramics.
Porcelain Denture Teeth
Factors affecting the Color of Ceramics.
Recent advancements.
Conclusion & References.
brief description about pressable ceramicsCONTENTS: • Introduction • Definition For Dental Ceramics • Definition For Pressable Ceramics • History • Various All Ceramic Systems • Classification • Pressable Ceramics • History • Generation Of Pressable Ceramics • Cerestore – Development Fabrication Advantage Disadvantage 2
3. IPS Empress - Materials And Composition Special Furnace Fabrication Advantage Disadvantage IPS Empress 2- INDICATION Properties Fabrication Method Advantage Disadvantage IPS Emax Press - Microstructure Composition Properties OPC 3G- Development Indication Properties 3
4. INTRODUCTION There have been significant TECHNOLOGICAL advances in the field of dental ceramics over the last 10 years which have made a corresponding increase in the number of materials available. Improvements in strength, clinical performance, and longevity have made all ceramic restorations more popular and more predictable 4
5. DEFINITION FOR DENTAL CERAMICS⁶ An inorganic compound with non metallic properties typically consisting of oxygen and one or more metallic or semi metallic elements (e.g ;Aluminium, Calcium, Lithium, Mangnesium, Potassium, Sodium, Silicon, Tin , Titanium And Zirconium)that is formulated to produce the whole or part of a ceramic based dental prosthesis 5
6. DEFINITION FOR PRESSABLE CERAMICS ⁶ • A ceramic that can be heated to a specified temperature and forced under pressure to fill a cavity in a refractory mold 6
7. HISTORY OF DENTAL CERAMICS ⁶ • 1789-first porcelain tooth material by a French dentist De Chemant • 1774- mineral paste teeth by Duchateau in England • 1808-terrometallic porcelain teeth by Italian dentist Fonzi • 1817- Planteu introduced porcelain teeth in US • 1837- Ash developed improved version of porcelain teeth 7
8. • 1903 – Dr.Charless introduced ceramic crowns in dentistry he fabricate ceramic crown using platinum foil matrix and high fusing feldspathic porcelain excellent esthetics but low flexural strength resulted in failure • 1965- dental aluminous core Porcelain by Mclean and Huges • 1984- Dicor by Adair and Grossman 8
9. 9
10. VARIOUS ALL CERAMIC SYSTEMS Aluminous core ceramics Slip cast ceramics Heat pressed ceramics Machined ceramics Machined and sintered ceramics Metal reinforced system 10
11. MICROSTRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION⁵ Category 1: Glass-based systems (mainly silica) Category 2: Glass-based systems (mainly silica) with fillers usually crystalline (typically leucite or a different high-fusing glass) a) Low-to-moderate leucite-
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document describes the stamp technique for direct class II composite restorations. It introduces modifications to the stamp technique to make it applicable for class II composite restorations. The study aims to introduce this modified stamp technique. Three case studies are presented where the modified stamp technique was used successfully to restore class II composites. The technique is simple, minimally invasive, cost-effective and results in a well-contoured restoration with minimal time.
This document discusses proper techniques for contouring dentures through waxing. It emphasizes the importance of esthetic contours that mimic natural anatomy for the lips, cheeks and gingiva. Contours should provide support and prevent chronic biting or food impaction. Properly waxed dentures improve comfort, stability, function and appearance for patients.
This is one of a series of lectures received for students of the college od dentistry , university of baghdad on the subjeect of fixed prosthodontic.This lecture contain brief introduction and termiology on this the subject
Glass ionomer cement with recent advancements Nadeem Aashiq
Glass ionomer cement was developed in the 1970s as a dental filling material with adhesive properties and the ability to release fluoride. It consists of a basic glass powder and an acidic polymer liquid that sets through an acid-base reaction. The setting reaction involves the glass particles being broken down by the polyacid, releasing ions like aluminum, calcium, and fluoride that cross-link the polyacid chains. Glass ionomer cement bonds to tooth structure through ionic bonding and can take up fluoride from topical treatments to provide continual fluoride release. It has lower mechanical properties than composites but continues to strengthen over time.
Synthetic rubbers were introduced in dentistry after WWII due to scarce natural rubber sources. They are elastic impression materials used to make dental casts. The main types are polysulfide, condensation silicone, addition silicone, and polyether. They are supplied and mixed either manually or automatically in different consistencies for various impression techniques. During polymerization, they undergo chain lengthening, crosslinking, and shrinkage. Properties include flexibility, elastic recovery, adhesion, and dimensional stability. Accuracy is maintained through proper technique such as adhesive use or multiple pours. Compatibility with gypsum allows for model pouring.
This document provides information on wrought metal alloys, including how they are made and their common uses and properties. Wrought alloys are cold worked metals that are plastically deformed through mechanical processes like rolling and drawing. This changes their shape and microstructure, improving properties like strength. Common wrought alloys used in dentistry include stainless steels, gold alloys, and titanium alloys. The document discusses the composition and processing of these materials.
All details about the dental cements
Introduction
Definitions
Ideal properties
Classification
Based on Ingredients & Application(craig)
Based on Bonding mechanism(william O’Brien)
Based on setting reaction (Anusavice)
Silicate cement
Zinc phosphate cement
This document provides information on hydrocolloid impression materials, specifically agar and alginate. It defines hydrocolloids as colloids containing water as the dispersion phase that exist in gel and sol forms. Agar is a reversible hydrocolloid made from seaweed that uses a thermostatically controlled unit for preparation. Alginate is an irreversible hydrocolloid that sets through a chemical reaction with calcium ions. Both have advantages like ease of use but disadvantages like poor dimensional stability and difficulty disinfecting.
Glass ionomer cement was developed in the 1970s as a dental restorative material. It consists of a powder made of glass particles containing fluoride and an acidic liquid such as polyacrylic acid. The powder and liquid react via an acid-base reaction during setting to form the cement. The cement releases fluoride over time and bonds chemically to tooth structure. It has advantages such as fluoride release, adhesion to tooth, and biocompatibility, though it is more brittle than dental composites. Many variations of glass ionomer cement have since been developed.
This document provides information on dental amalgam, including:
- A brief history noting amalgam has been used for over 150 years and was originally made by filing silver coins and mixing with mercury.
- The components and microstructure of amalgam, including how it is composed of a mixture of silver/tin/copper alloy and mercury that amalgamates during manipulation.
- The classification, properties, manipulation techniques, indications and contraindications for amalgam restorations.
- Potential failures of amalgam restorations and their causes, as well as precautions needed due to mercury toxicity.
This presentation provide brief information about different types of cements in Dentistry. also you will find information about cementation tips and techniques. Recent resin cements are also included in this presentation
Maxillary major connectors are an important component of removable partial dentures that join the denture bases on each side of the dental arch. There are several types of maxillary major connectors including single palatal straps, combination anterior and posterior palatal straps, palatal plates, U-shaped connectors, single palatal bars, and anterior-posterior palatal bars. The ideal major connector is rigid, protects soft tissues, provides indirect retention, promotes patient comfort, and is self-cleansing. Proper design of the major connector involves outlining the denture base areas, non-bearing tissues, and connector areas on the diagnostic cast.
Aging is a natural process that affects the entire body in complex ways. It involves the slowing of functions over time due to biological, psychological, and social factors. The elderly population is growing rapidly, with over 20% of the US population expected to be over 65 by 2030. Aging leads to changes in nearly every body system through various proposed mechanisms like the free radical theory of aging. The periodontium is also affected by aging through thinning tissues, decreased function, and increased risk of periodontal disease. Maintaining good oral health is important for the elderly population.
The document provides information on alloys used in prosthodontics. It begins with an introduction that defines an alloy as a mixture of two or more metals. It then provides a timeline of important events in the history of alloys used in dentistry. The document proceeds to discuss different types of metals used in alloys, including noble metals and base metals. It also covers topics such as solidification and crystallization of metals, phase diagrams, and heat treatments. Finally, it concludes by classifying different types of alloys and discussing their applications in dentistry.
This document summarizes three types of dental cements: zinc phosphate cement, zinc polycarboxylate cement, and zinc oxide eugenol cement. It describes the introduction, composition, setting reaction, properties, manipulation and applications of each cement. Zinc phosphate cement is the oldest luting cement and involves a reaction between zinc oxide and phosphoric acid. Zinc polycarboxylate cement bonds to tooth structure through a reaction between polyacrylic acid and calcium ions. Zinc oxide eugenol cement sets through a reaction between zinc oxide, water and eugenol, and has sedative properties making it the least irritating to dental pulps.
Contents of this slide
Introduction
Terminologies
History
Classification
Composition
Methods of Strengthening Ceramics.
Metal-Ceramic restorations
All Ceramic restorations
Mechanical and thermal properties of dental ceramics.
Optical properties of dental ceramics.
Porcelain Denture Teeth
Factors affecting the Color of Ceramics.
Recent advancements.
Conclusion & References.
brief description about pressable ceramicsCONTENTS: • Introduction • Definition For Dental Ceramics • Definition For Pressable Ceramics • History • Various All Ceramic Systems • Classification • Pressable Ceramics • History • Generation Of Pressable Ceramics • Cerestore – Development Fabrication Advantage Disadvantage 2
3. IPS Empress - Materials And Composition Special Furnace Fabrication Advantage Disadvantage IPS Empress 2- INDICATION Properties Fabrication Method Advantage Disadvantage IPS Emax Press - Microstructure Composition Properties OPC 3G- Development Indication Properties 3
4. INTRODUCTION There have been significant TECHNOLOGICAL advances in the field of dental ceramics over the last 10 years which have made a corresponding increase in the number of materials available. Improvements in strength, clinical performance, and longevity have made all ceramic restorations more popular and more predictable 4
5. DEFINITION FOR DENTAL CERAMICS⁶ An inorganic compound with non metallic properties typically consisting of oxygen and one or more metallic or semi metallic elements (e.g ;Aluminium, Calcium, Lithium, Mangnesium, Potassium, Sodium, Silicon, Tin , Titanium And Zirconium)that is formulated to produce the whole or part of a ceramic based dental prosthesis 5
6. DEFINITION FOR PRESSABLE CERAMICS ⁶ • A ceramic that can be heated to a specified temperature and forced under pressure to fill a cavity in a refractory mold 6
7. HISTORY OF DENTAL CERAMICS ⁶ • 1789-first porcelain tooth material by a French dentist De Chemant • 1774- mineral paste teeth by Duchateau in England • 1808-terrometallic porcelain teeth by Italian dentist Fonzi • 1817- Planteu introduced porcelain teeth in US • 1837- Ash developed improved version of porcelain teeth 7
8. • 1903 – Dr.Charless introduced ceramic crowns in dentistry he fabricate ceramic crown using platinum foil matrix and high fusing feldspathic porcelain excellent esthetics but low flexural strength resulted in failure • 1965- dental aluminous core Porcelain by Mclean and Huges • 1984- Dicor by Adair and Grossman 8
9. 9
10. VARIOUS ALL CERAMIC SYSTEMS Aluminous core ceramics Slip cast ceramics Heat pressed ceramics Machined ceramics Machined and sintered ceramics Metal reinforced system 10
11. MICROSTRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION⁵ Category 1: Glass-based systems (mainly silica) Category 2: Glass-based systems (mainly silica) with fillers usually crystalline (typically leucite or a different high-fusing glass) a) Low-to-moderate leucite-
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The document describes the stamp technique for direct class II composite restorations. It introduces modifications to the stamp technique to make it applicable for class II composite restorations. The study aims to introduce this modified stamp technique. Three case studies are presented where the modified stamp technique was used successfully to restore class II composites. The technique is simple, minimally invasive, cost-effective and results in a well-contoured restoration with minimal time.
This document discusses proper techniques for contouring dentures through waxing. It emphasizes the importance of esthetic contours that mimic natural anatomy for the lips, cheeks and gingiva. Contours should provide support and prevent chronic biting or food impaction. Properly waxed dentures improve comfort, stability, function and appearance for patients.
This is one of a series of lectures received for students of the college od dentistry , university of baghdad on the subjeect of fixed prosthodontic.This lecture contain brief introduction and termiology on this the subject
Glass ionomer cement with recent advancements Nadeem Aashiq
Glass ionomer cement was developed in the 1970s as a dental filling material with adhesive properties and the ability to release fluoride. It consists of a basic glass powder and an acidic polymer liquid that sets through an acid-base reaction. The setting reaction involves the glass particles being broken down by the polyacid, releasing ions like aluminum, calcium, and fluoride that cross-link the polyacid chains. Glass ionomer cement bonds to tooth structure through ionic bonding and can take up fluoride from topical treatments to provide continual fluoride release. It has lower mechanical properties than composites but continues to strengthen over time.
Synthetic rubbers were introduced in dentistry after WWII due to scarce natural rubber sources. They are elastic impression materials used to make dental casts. The main types are polysulfide, condensation silicone, addition silicone, and polyether. They are supplied and mixed either manually or automatically in different consistencies for various impression techniques. During polymerization, they undergo chain lengthening, crosslinking, and shrinkage. Properties include flexibility, elastic recovery, adhesion, and dimensional stability. Accuracy is maintained through proper technique such as adhesive use or multiple pours. Compatibility with gypsum allows for model pouring.
This document provides information on wrought metal alloys, including how they are made and their common uses and properties. Wrought alloys are cold worked metals that are plastically deformed through mechanical processes like rolling and drawing. This changes their shape and microstructure, improving properties like strength. Common wrought alloys used in dentistry include stainless steels, gold alloys, and titanium alloys. The document discusses the composition and processing of these materials.
All details about the dental cements
Introduction
Definitions
Ideal properties
Classification
Based on Ingredients & Application(craig)
Based on Bonding mechanism(william O’Brien)
Based on setting reaction (Anusavice)
Silicate cement
Zinc phosphate cement
This document provides information on hydrocolloid impression materials, specifically agar and alginate. It defines hydrocolloids as colloids containing water as the dispersion phase that exist in gel and sol forms. Agar is a reversible hydrocolloid made from seaweed that uses a thermostatically controlled unit for preparation. Alginate is an irreversible hydrocolloid that sets through a chemical reaction with calcium ions. Both have advantages like ease of use but disadvantages like poor dimensional stability and difficulty disinfecting.
Glass ionomer cement was developed in the 1970s as a dental restorative material. It consists of a powder made of glass particles containing fluoride and an acidic liquid such as polyacrylic acid. The powder and liquid react via an acid-base reaction during setting to form the cement. The cement releases fluoride over time and bonds chemically to tooth structure. It has advantages such as fluoride release, adhesion to tooth, and biocompatibility, though it is more brittle than dental composites. Many variations of glass ionomer cement have since been developed.
This document provides information on dental amalgam, including:
- A brief history noting amalgam has been used for over 150 years and was originally made by filing silver coins and mixing with mercury.
- The components and microstructure of amalgam, including how it is composed of a mixture of silver/tin/copper alloy and mercury that amalgamates during manipulation.
- The classification, properties, manipulation techniques, indications and contraindications for amalgam restorations.
- Potential failures of amalgam restorations and their causes, as well as precautions needed due to mercury toxicity.
This presentation provide brief information about different types of cements in Dentistry. also you will find information about cementation tips and techniques. Recent resin cements are also included in this presentation
The document discusses various indices used to assess dental caries, including ICDAS, PUFA, and DMF. It then introduces the CAST index, which was developed to combine the strengths of ICDAS, PUFA, and the M- and F-components of DMF into a single index. The CAST index covers the full spectrum of dental caries by assessing non-cavitated lesions, cavitated lesions, and advanced consequences in both teeth and surrounding tissues. It is presented as a potentially important new dental epidemiological tool.
최성현 메인 Successful fluoride plebiscite in the township of deniliquintwkang79
The document summarizes the events surrounding a vote in Deniliquin, Australia to reintroduce water fluoridation. It notes that fluoridation was stopped in 1988 due to a change in local council members. In 2003, it was found that 40% of local elementary school children had experienced tooth decay, higher than neighboring fluoridated towns. Students petitioned to reinstate fluoridation. In 2005, after an information campaign and public vote, fluoridation was reintroduced with 55.8% voting yes.
송혜민 메인 Short term clinical efficacy of new meridol halitosis tooth & tongue g...twkang79
1) A clinical study tested the efficacy of a tongue gel and tongue cleaner in reducing oral malodor over 7 days.
2) Measurements of volatile sulfur compounds using gas chromatography and organoleptic ratings showed that using the tongue gel with the tongue cleaner was most effective in reducing oral malodor both short-term and long-term.
3) Mechanical tongue cleaning alone was not as effective, highlighting the importance of tongue coating removal for both oral malodor reduction and oral hygiene.
2. 타액완충능 검사(A)
구강 내 타액에 산이 첨가됨에 따라 산도의 변화에 저항하는
능력
타액의 산도를 특정범위로 낮추는데 필요한 산을 ml단위로
측정
산도 측정기(pH meter)또는 색 지표를 이용해 측정
산도측정기, 적정장치(titration equipment)
0.05N lactic acid, 0.05N base, 파라핀왁스, 소량의 기름을
함유하
고 있는 멸균된 유리병
완 충 능
원 리
장 비 및 재 료
3. ① 자극타액 10ml를 식사 후 최소한 1시간 뒤에 기름 아래에 수집한다.
② 이 중 5ml는 비이커내에서 측정한다.
③ 실내온도에 산도 측정기를 보정한 후에 타액의 산도를 유산 또는 염기를
첨가하여 7.0으로 맞춘다.
④ 실린더내의 유산의 양을 재측정한다.
산도를 7.0에서 6.0 으로 낮추는데 필요한 유산을 ml단위로 하여 완충능을
측정한다. 이 수치를 liter당 miliequivalent로 환산할 수 있다.
0.1 N 유산 소비량 우식활성
0.615ml 이상 -
0.614~0.484ml +
0.484~0.353ml ++
0.353ml +++
타액완충능 검사(A)
과 정 및 평 가
4. 산 첨가에 따라 생길 수 있는 pH의 변화에 저항할 수 있는
능력
한계: 10방울 이상이면 완충능 충분
10방울 이하이면 완충능 부족
기구: Burett, butett stand, Slider
재료: paraffin wax, color standard(pH 5.0) 시약(BCG+BCP)
acetic buffer(or pH 5.0 0.1N lactic acid)
타액완충능 검사(B)
완 충 능
원 리
장 비 및 재 료
5. ① 음료수로 양치
② 파라핀을 저작시키며 4-5ml의 타액을 채취
③ 정확히 2ml의 타액과 BCG와 BCP 혼합지시약 3방울 첨가
④ Calibtated Dropper로 0.1N유산용액을 한방울씩 첨가 (pH 5.0이 될 때까지)
⑤ 남은 2ml의 타액으로 위의 과정 반복하여 평균값으로 타액 완충능 산출
0.1 N 유산 소비량 우식활성
14 방울 이상 충분
10~14 방울 보통
6~10 방울 부족
6방울 이하 매우 주의 요함
10방울 이하로 나타난 경우 과일이나 야채를 많이 섭취
6방울 이하인 경우 탄산소다를 사용하여 일시적으로나마
부족한 완충능을 보충
타액완충능 검사(B)
과 정 및 평 가
6. 목적 : 구강 내 산 생성균의 양과 그 활성을 측정
실 험 목 적
실 험 원 리
원리 : 색지표 (Color indicator)로서 BCG(bromcresol green)를 함유하고
산도가 4.7~5.0으로 맞추어져 있는 배지에 자극성 타액을 주입하여
산생성 속도를 측정하는 방법으로 구강 내 산생성능을 비색적으로
측정하는 검사법
Snyder Test
7. 근거 : 타액 중의 세균이 산을 생성하여 치아우식증을 유발시킨다는 근거
→ 함수탄소 배양기에서 타액 중의 세균이 산을 형성
실 험 근 거
실 험 장 비
타액수집용기, 파라핀왁스, 스나이더 배지, 피펫, 배양 장비,
Union-screw cap test tube
Snyder Test
8. 1) 재료 준비 (증류수, agar, Dextrose, BCG,
beef extract, lactic acid)
2) 중탕기에 증류수를 넣고 중탕시키면서
낮은 온도에서 Beef extract를 넣고 끓인다.
3) 지시약 (0.04% BCG)을 넣는다.
배지 제조 과정
Snyder Test
9. 4) Dextrose와 Agar를 소량씩 넣으면서 엉겨붙지
않게 한다.
5) 0.1N Lactic acid로 pH 5.0이 되도록 조절한다.
배지 제조 과정
Snyder Test
10. 1) 정규 식사 전이나 칫솔질을 하기 전에 약 3분 동안 1.0mg 정도의 파라핀
조각을 저작하여 자극성 타액을 추출한다.
2) 실험시 medium이 든 test tube를 65℃의 중탕기에서 melting 시킨 뒤 수집한
타액 0.2ml를 pipetting하여 잘 흔들어 준다.
3) 시험관의 agar가 굳으면 37℃에서 72시간 배양한다.
실 험 과 정
Snyder Test
11. 실 험 결 과
24hr 48hr 72hr
color yellow
Yellow
green
Green Blue
activity
Marked
(고도)
Definite
(중증도)
Limited
(경도)
Inactivat
e
(불활성)① 대조군
② Inactivate (blue)
③ Limited (green)
④ Definite (yellow green)
⑤ Marked (yellow)
SnyderTestSnyder Test
12. Lactobacillus colony count
구강 내 산 생성균, 산 내성균으로 치아 우식의 직접적인 원인균은 아니지만
상당히 관련되어 있으며 치아우식 와동이 있는 부위에서 잘 발견됨
→ 우식 발생을 예견하는데 많은 참고 자료가 됨
Lactobacillus 란?
실 험 목 적
목적 : 타액(침)에서 유산균 같은 호기성 산성 세균을 알아내는 슬라이드
배양법으로 유산균의 농도는 충치 위험도를 나타냄
→ Dentocult LB
13. 원리 : LBS agar (Rogasa) 에서의 총 세균 집락수는 타액내 산생성균의
비율을 말해줌
→ Dentocult LB는 슬라이드 양쪽에 유산균 배양을 위한 Rogasa 배지가
존재
실 험 원 리
실 험 장 비
타액수집용기, 파라핀왁스, 식염수 9m가 들어있는 시험관 2개,
유리막대 2개, 배양장비(incubator), Quebec Counter, 피펫
Lactobacillus colony count
14. 1) 타액은 아침식사 전에 파라핀 왁스를 이용하여
자극성 타액을 받는다.
→ 파라핀 왁스는 5분 정도 씹는다.
(타액분비속도 검사 동시 진행 가능)
2) 타액 1ml와 멸균된 식염수 9ml를 혼합하여
1:10으로 희석한다.
3) 위 희석타액 1ml에 다시 멸균된 식염수
9ml를 혼합하여 1:100희석타액을 만든다.
실 험 과 정
Lactobacillus colony count
15. 4) 1:100 희석타액을 잘 섞은 다음,
각 희석액의 0.4ml를 유리막대로
agar plate에 바른다.
5) 그 plate에 표를 붙이고 4일(96hr) 동안
37℃에서 배양한다.
→ 튜브 배양기에 바로 세워서 배양
실 험 과 정
Lactobacillus colony count
16. 6) 세균집락의 수는 Quebec Counter를
이용하여 측정한다.
실 험 과 정
Lactobacillus colony count
17. 실 험 결 과
Activity
1mg 타액당
Colony 수
None or
Little
<1000
Slight 1000~10,000
Moderate
10,000~100,00
0
Marked >100,000
Lactobacillus colony count