Ready Reckoner on Vitamins by students of S R Digi School, Dilsukh Nagar T Vijaya Sree (VIII) and S V Hemanth (VIII) Entry Submission against iEXPRESS competition - part of Project Based Learning using ICT 2012-13

1. Vitamin Chemical
name
Deficiency diseas-
es
Present in
A Retinol Night blindness,
Xeropthalmia,
Rupture of cornea,
Scale formation on skin.
Liver, eggs, butter, fish,
meat, pumpkin, papaya,
mango, carrots.
D Calciferol Rickets Fragile bones Liver, egg yolk, butter,
Cod liver oil, shark liver
oil
E Tocoferol Sterility in males,
Abortions in females,
reduced life span of red
blood cells
Fruits, vegetables,
Germinating seeds, meat,
egg yolk and sunflower oil,
cotton seed oil.
K Phyllo Qui-
none
Delay in blood clotting Green leafy vegetables and
milk
VITAMINS– Sources and Deficiency Diseases
Vitamins are the organic substances and micro– nutrients which are re-
quired in small quantities( in micrograms) to our body.
 The story of vitamins dates back to 18th century. Sailors of this
period knew that eating of liver cures a disease called night
blindness and eating of lemons cures a disease called Rickets.
 Sir H. G. Hopkins conducted systematic studies and discovered
in the year 1912 that milk has some substances required for
growth. As this substance was not a protein or a carbohydrates
or fats, Hopkins called this substance ACCESSORY FACTOR.
 In the same year, another scientist, Fonk discovered a sub-
stance in the rice husk which prevented a disease called Beri -
beri in Japanese sailors, who were eating polished rice. Based
on the chemical nature of this substance, he called this sub-
stance as VITAMINE (a vital amine). The name of vitamine
was changed to ‘Vitamin’.
 Vitamins are of 2 groups.
i) Fat Soluble -> Vitamins B-Complex, C
ii) Water Soluble -> Vitamins A, D, E, K
Fats soluble vitamins
Pellagra
Rickets
Knock Knees

2. Vitamin Chemical
name
Deficiency diseas-
es
Present in
B1 Thiamine Beri –Beri and loss of
appetite
Cereals like wheat, oil
seeds
like ground nut, milk,
meat, fish, eggs and veg-
etables
B2 Riboflavin Glossits
Cracking of mouth at an-
gles
Milk liver egg kidney
and green leafy vegeta-
ble
B3 Niacin Pellagra Kidney, liver, meat, poul-
try, fish, legumes, ground
nuts
B6 Pyridoxine Anaemia, hyperirritability,
Disorders of nervous system
Milk, liver, meat , egg
yolk, fish ,whole grain ce-
reals , legumes and veg-
etables
Folic acid Folic acid Anaemia, diarrhoea, loss of
leucocytes
Liver, meat, eggs, milk,
fruits, cereals and leafy
vegetables
B12 Cyanocobala-
mine
Pernicious anaemia Bacteria present in the
intestine synthesise this
vitamin and supply to
our body
Pantothenic
acid
Pantothenic ac-
id
Burning feet Fresh vegetables, liver,
kidney, yeast, egg yolk,
meat, sweet potatoes
and ground nuts
Biotin acid Biotin acid Muscle pains, nervous disor-
ders, fatigue
Pulses, nuts, vegetables,
liver and kidney
C Ascorbic acid Scurvy Fresh vegetables, green
leafy vegetables, toma-
toes and germinating
pulses
Water soluble vitamins
By V.Akshitha and B.Likhitha Of Class-VII
SR Digi School-Dilsukhnagar