Vitamin definition, types both Water soluble and fat soluble vitamins source, function,chemcial structure.Lastly it's role as co-factor

1. Presentation Topic-Vitamins
Course code:Bot-406
Advanced Plant Physiology and Plant
Biochemistry
Presented by
Md Mashud Hossain
Roll-1330 , B.Sc 4th Year Student
Department of Botany-JU

2. Definition of Vitamins:
Vitamins are organic compound with low molecular weight that are
essential for normal growth and metabolic processes of an organism
as well as enhances immunity ,that are required in trace amounts.
Types of Vitamins:
❏ Water-soluble vitamins
These travel freely through the
body.The body needs water-soluble
vitamins in frequent, small doses. as
its excess gets excrete through the
urine. Vitamin B and C are water-
soluble vitamins.
❏ Fat-soluble vitamins
These are stored in the body's
cells.these vitamins require fat in
order to be absorbed. Vitamin A, D,
E and K are fat-soluble vitamins.

3. Water soluble vitamins
Vitamins Source Function
Thiamine (vitamin B1) cereals, legumes, nuts and
seeds.
needed for energy metabolism;
important for nerve function.
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) Milk and milk products
breads and cereals.
important for normal vision and
skin health.
Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) Meat, fish, poultry, vegetables,
fruits.
needed for protein metabolism;
helps make red blood cells.
Cobalamin (vitamin B12) Meat, poultry, fish, seafood,
eggs, milk and milk products;
needed for making new cells;
important for nerve function.
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in fruits and vegetables,
especially citrus fruits,
vegetables in the cabbage family
Antioxidant; part of an enzyme
needed for protein
metabolism;important for
immune system health; aids in
iron absorption.

4. Chemical structure of water soluble
vitamins
Figure : Chemical structure of different water soluble vitamins

5. Fat soluble vitamins
Vitamins Source Function
Vitamin A
it’s precursor
beta-carotene
From animal sources: Fortified milk,
cheese, cream, butter,
From plant sources: Leafy, dark green
vegetables; dark orange fruits
Needed for vision, healthy
skin and mucous
membranes, bone and tooth
growth, immune system
health.
Vitamin D Egg yolks, liver, fatty fish, fortified milk,
fortified margarine. When exposed to
sunlight, the skin can make vitamin D.
Needed for proper
absorption of calcium;
stored in bones.
Vitamin E soybean, corn, cottonseed, safflower
leafy, green vegetables
Antioxidant protects cell
walls.
Vitamin K Leafy green vegetables (kale, collard
greens, and spinach); green vegetables
(broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and
asparagus)
Needed for proper blood
clotting.

6. Figurte :Chemical structure of different fat soluble vitamins

7. Vitamin’s function as co-factor:
Co-factor is a non-protein chemical that assists with a biological chemical
reaction. Co-factors may be metal ions, organic compounds,
Many vitamins serve as organic cofactors for enzymes. These vitamins are
essential for a wide range of biological processes, including:
1. Energy production
2. Amino acid metabolism
3. Carbohydrate metabolism
4. Lipid metabolism
5. Immune function
6. Antioxidant protection

8. Thank you all for your kind
attention !