This document discusses space geodesy and techniques used in space geodesy projects. It defines space geodesy as using spatial techniques to study the shape of the Earth, its gravitational field, and behavior. It then describes several techniques used in space geodesy, including global navigation satellite systems, satellite laser ranging, very long baseline interferometry, and Doppler orbitography and radiopositioning integrated by satellite. It also provides brief descriptions of the Peruvian Space Agency and the PeruSAT-1 Earth observation satellite program.

1. SPACE
GEODESY
BASIC TECNICAL ENGLISH
TEAM X
BORJA ALBORNOZ, FABIOLA
CONDORI GUTIERREZ, JOHANNA
CORDOVA CRUZADO, HRISTO
OSORIO MUÑOZ, LUIS
PANTIGOSO SURECH, JOSUE
PONCE MUÑOZ, MANUEL
VENTURA MOLINA, JOSELYN

2. SPACE GEODESY
CONCEPTS
APLICATIONS
SPACE
GEODESY
TECHNIQUES
SPACE
GEODESY IN
NASA PROJECTS

3. IS THE APPLICATION OF SPATIAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE
DEFINITION OF REFERENCE FRAMES AND THE STUDY OF
THE SHAPE OF THE EARTH, ITS GRAVITATIONAL FIELD
AND ITS BEHAVIOR.
CONCEPTS

4. IT IS BASED ON THE
RECEPTION OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC
SIGNALS EMITTED
BY DEVICES
ONBOARD
ARTIFICIAL
SATELLITES, OR
EMITTED BY EXTRA-
GALACTIC
QUASARS,
OBSERVATIONS OF
THE MOON AND
THE STARS.
CONCEPTS

5. APPLICATIONS
Urban and rural cadastre work for
formalization purposes.
Civil engineering with precision in
the execution of infrastructure
works.
Dam control and precision
agriculture.
Monitoring the displacement of
tectonic plates.
Study of the ionosphere and
troposphere for environmental
purposes.
Air traffic control.
Management of vehicle transport
fleets

6. APPLICATIONS

7. GEODESY PROVIDES A FOUNDATION
FOR ALL EARTH OBSERVATIONS.
SPACE GEODESY IS THE USE OF
PRECISE MEASUREMENTS BETWEEN
SPACE OBJECTS (E.G. ORBITING
SATELLITES, QUASARS) TO
DETERMINE:
POSITIONS OF POINTS ON THE
EARTH.
POSITION OF THE EARTH'S POLE
EARTH'S GRAVITY FIELD AND
GEOID
SPACE GEODESY
TECHNIQUES

8. Global Navigation
Satellite Systems (GNSS)
• Space Segment:
• Satellites (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo,
COMPASS, QZS, etc.) equipped with clocks precise
messages that convey satellite as ephemeris, phase lags
stopwatches, etc.)
• Land Segment:
- Multi-frequency receiver and antenna GNSS
• Produced Data:
- Precise distribution of the frame global reference
- Determination of Precise Orbits
- Orientation and Rotation of the Earth
- Station and clock solutions satelite
- Products of the Troposphere and Ionosphere
• Measurements:
- Pseudorange Station to Satellite, phase lag
• Characteristics:
- Comprehensive global network
- Cost effective and accessible

9. Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR)
• Space Segment:
- Satellites equipped
with 'corner cube'
retroreflectors
• Land Segment:
- Short-pulse laser
transmitter
• Produced Data:
- Station Positions
- Determination of
Precise Orbits
- Orientation and
Rotation of the Earth
• Measurements:
- Measurement of flight time to and from back
to the satellite
• Characteristics:
- Most accurate means of measuring position
from satellite
- Single orientation determination of the frame
of reference
- Passive Space Segment
- Less dependent on the medium of
transmission
- Global data availability almost in real time
- Ability to detect variations in long-term trends

10. • Space Segment:
- Quaers (microwave frequencies)
• Land Segment:
- Radio telescope equipped with
broadband receivers
• Measurements:
- Time difference of arrival of the radial
wavefront emitted by a distant quasar
to two antennas on the Earth's surface.
• Produced Data:
- Station positions, speeds
- Positions of quasars
- Orientation of the Earth and Rotation
with respect to the stars
- Parameters of the Ionosphere
• Characteristics:
- Unique method
connected with the
astronomical
reference frame
(stars)
- Fully passive -
radio transmission
- Large volume of
Gbyte data, but
moving towards
broadband data
transmission almost
in real time
Very Long Baseline
Interferometry (VLBI)

11. • Space Segment:
- Satellites equipped with receivers DORIS and
uplink hardware
• Land Segment:
- Radio beacon transmitting signals radio frequency
• Measurements:
- Doppler deviation in the signals of radio frequency
• Produced Data
- Station positions and speeds
- Determination of Precise Orbits
- Parameters of the Ionosphere
• Characteristics:
- Global Distribution
- Robust ground system configuration (singular font)
Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning
Integrated by Satellite (DORIS)

12. The National Commission
for Aerospace Research
and Development,
CONIDA, is the governing
body of Space activities in
Peru and Headquarters of
the Peruvian Space
Agency.
Peru Space
Agency -
CONIDA
Governing body of Space
activities in Peru.
It seeks the development
of aerospace technologies
for the benefit of National
Development.

13. PeruSAT-1
Your images will be useful
for multiple productive
sectors of the country
such as: the mining and
agricultural sectors, as
well as for the cadastre or
the control of illegal
logging, drug trafficking,
forecasting natural
disasters, deforestation,
location of oil spills,
among others. multiple
applications for strategic
decisions of the Peruvian
State

14. SPACE
GEODESY
TEAM X
THANKS