Agronomic and cultural practices of black gram (soil ,climate ,seed rate ,distribution ,varieties, diseases and pest management,maturity ,harvesting, yield )
Recommendations for the farmer to get maximum yield .
This Presentation is about Lentil (Lens culinaris), also known as Massur, Masoor, Masura. This Presentation includes Introduction, Biological Classification, Morphology of Lentil Plant, Floral Biology, Origin, Cytology, Breeding Objectives, Breeding Procedures, Diseases and Insects damage the Lentil Crop,
Pulses are a very important source of protein in Indian diets as majority of population is vegetarian. however, the production of pulses is not keeping pace with the growing population in the country. lentil is one of the important Rabi pulses. it is one of the oldest pulse crops and the most nutritious of the pulses. it is also used as a cover crop to check the soil erosion in problem areas. lentil contributes about 6% in total pulses area as well as production of India. It is mostly eaten as "DAL". the pulse is first converted into split pulse or 'dal' by the removal of skin and the separation of the fleshy cotyledons. It is cooked easily and hence preferred. It is good for patients too. Lentil contains about 11% water, 25% protein and 60% carbohydrates. It is also rich in calcium, iron and niacin
Agronomic and cultural practices of black gram (soil ,climate ,seed rate ,distribution ,varieties, diseases and pest management,maturity ,harvesting, yield )
Recommendations for the farmer to get maximum yield .
This Presentation is about Lentil (Lens culinaris), also known as Massur, Masoor, Masura. This Presentation includes Introduction, Biological Classification, Morphology of Lentil Plant, Floral Biology, Origin, Cytology, Breeding Objectives, Breeding Procedures, Diseases and Insects damage the Lentil Crop,
Pulses are a very important source of protein in Indian diets as majority of population is vegetarian. however, the production of pulses is not keeping pace with the growing population in the country. lentil is one of the important Rabi pulses. it is one of the oldest pulse crops and the most nutritious of the pulses. it is also used as a cover crop to check the soil erosion in problem areas. lentil contributes about 6% in total pulses area as well as production of India. It is mostly eaten as "DAL". the pulse is first converted into split pulse or 'dal' by the removal of skin and the separation of the fleshy cotyledons. It is cooked easily and hence preferred. It is good for patients too. Lentil contains about 11% water, 25% protein and 60% carbohydrates. It is also rich in calcium, iron and niacin
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
CULTIVATION OF OKRA , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF OKRA ,Arvind Yadav
OKRA
Scientific Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
Family : Malvaceae,
Chromosome number : 2n=72, 108,130
Origin : Asiatic region /Etthiopea/Africa.
Common names : Bhendi, Lady’s FingerEconomic importance and uses :-
Okra is more remunerative than the leafy vegetables.
Tender green fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups. The root and stem are useful for clearing cane juice in preparation of jaggery.
Okra is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals. 100g consumable unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3,100 calorie energy, 1.8g protein.
The dry seeds contain 13-22% edible oil and 20-24% protein.Area and production:-
India is the largest producer of okra in the world. The major bhendi growing states are Utter Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and West Bengal.
Popular varieties:-
Pusa Makhmali
Pusa Sawani
Arka Anamika (Selection 10)
Arka Abhay (Selection
Punjab Padmini
Punjab -7
Parbhani Kranti
Varsha Uphar (HRB 9-2)
Gujarat Bhendi 1
introduction about acidic soil and area distribution ,classification of acidic soil and source of acidic soil formation , characteristic of acid soil ,what are the impact on soil properties . Reclamation of acid soil , conclusion about acidic soil
In this presentation discuses about what is seed testing and what are the objective and important , what are the different types of quality assessment test .
production technology of sapota and BER and DATE Fruit in this presentation talk about botanical description , Area distribution, and variety of fruit and soil climate and agronomic practices , what is the yield
introduction of precipitation , process of introduction , form of precipitation ,types of precipitation , conclusion ,reference
according to Agro -metrology
Role of male -sterility in plant breeding ,1).introduction ,2). future of male sterility ,3).classification of male sterility , 4)significance ,5) Limitation and conclusion
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. Sorghum
• Submitted TO :-Simta Sharma
( assistant professor of Agriculture)
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 1
Name :- Deen Dayal chaudhary
Class :-BSc. Agri.3rd sem.
Roll No.:- 1929150
Subject:- BSAG-301-19
2. Content :-
Introduction
nutritional value
Distribution of sorghum
Benefits of sorghum
Use of sorghum
Role of national economy
Soil requirements &Climate requirements.
Weed management.
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 2
3. Introduction
Commonly called as jowar, great millet camel crop
Botanical name = Sorghum bicolor
Family=Poaceae( grass )
Sorghum is self-pollinating plant
Hight of the plant 60 – 460 cm
Sorghum seed is small and round
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 3
5. Distribution of sorghum
• Sorghum is grown all parts of the world
• Except cool North east part of Europe.
• Sorghum belts in India receive 400-1000mm rainfall.
• In the World, Africa (Nigeria, Sudan) is the major continent
cultivates sorghum .
• North America, South America and Asian continents also grow sorghum.
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 5
6. • Distribution of sorghum biomass in the world
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 6
Total world production of Sorghum biomass by 20 top countries is
42,765,025 metric tonnes.
7. sorghum cultivation in India
• In India Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil
Nadu, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh are the important sorghum growing states.
• In Punjab, Sorghum is an important fodder crop during kharif season.
• In India has six million hectares of land, use for cultivation of sorghum
• The production of sorghum in India is about 8.71 million tonnes.
• In Tamil Nadu it is cultivated in an area of 4.01 lakh hectare with a productivity of 612
kg /ha.
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 7
8. Benefits of sorghum
• Sorghum is a nutrient-packed grain
• It's rich in vitamins and minerals
• The high dietary fiber content in jowar also helps improve digestion
• Jowar contains 8.45 milligrams of iron in every cup
• It contains B vitamins, which help the body build new tissues and
cells, as well as potassium and phosphorous.
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 8
9. Used of sorghum
• Sorghum crop is known for multiple uses as food, feed, for large grazing animals
• Sorghum are the animal feed sector, alcohol distilleries, and starch industries.
• Also employed as pet feed for dogs, fish, etc.
• Used for manufacturing sorghum syrups and sorghum molasses.
• The grains are also used to produce biofuels across the world.
• Apart from the uses for humans, sorghum plants are also used as fodder for cattle.
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 9
10. Role In National Economy
• Sorghum is a staple food and provides carbohydrates to the people in North Karnataka,
Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
• It occupies 5.27 per cent of gross cultivated area.
• Sorghum grain is an important raw material for starch industry and also used as cattle
and poultry feed.
• This crop also has export potential.
• Sweet sorghum varieties have juicy stalk and can be utilized for jaggery and alcohol
production.
• From one hectare of sweet sorghum 33 kg of jaggery and 2100 littres of alcohol can be
obtained.
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 10
11. Soils requirement
• Sorghum can be grown successfully on clay ,clay loam, or sandy loam soils.
• pH ranging from 5.5 to 8.5.
• Under good climatic conditions, sorghum does best on deep fertile soils.
• It is adapted to poor soils and can grow well on soils where many other crops
would fail.
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 11
12. Climate requirement & temperature
• Sorghum is a warm season crop
• Withstands heat better than most other crops, but extremely high temperatures
may reduce grain yield.
• The crop is well suited to semi arid conditions.
• Average temperature for good growth 26-30oC
• If planted before soil temperatures reach 35oC.
• Sorghum is best adapted to areas having an average annual rainfall between 45 to
65 cm (17 to 25 inches).
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 12
13. Weed management
• Keep the crop free from weeds about initial 35days
• Spray atrazine at 0.5kg/ha
• Striga is controlled by hand pulling
• Spray 2,4-D sodium salt 1kg/ha
• Two time inter cultivation with blade hoe
2/9/2021 PCTE GROUP OF INSTITUTES 13