Adenomyosis is a common gynecological condition where endometrial tissue grows into the myometrium. Sonography is an effective way to diagnose adenomyosis, with key findings including a globular enlarged uterus, cystic spaces within the myometrium, and linear striations fanning out from the endometrial layer. Other signs are uterine wall thickening, an obscured endometrial-myometrial border, and a heterogeneous echo texture within the myometrium. Doppler sonography can help differentiate adenomyosis from leiomyomas based on blood vessel patterns.