Soldering is the process of joining metal parts using an alloy of tin and lead. A soldering iron is used to heat the metal parts and melt the solder. The document provides instructions for basic soldering techniques like tinning wires and making different types of wire splices. It also covers soldering electronic components to circuit boards, emphasizing the importance of forming concave solder joints that fully cover the solder pads.

1. SOLDERING
An Art and a Science

2. SOLDER
Solder is an ALLOY of 60% TIN & 40% LEAD

3. SOLDERING IRON
A very simple device with no moving parts
The soldering iron gets hot when electricity
flows through a coil of wire.

4. Uses of Soldering
Splicing wires
Circuit Boards

5. Tinning a wire
Tinning means to put solder on the wire.

6. Your first Soldering Job
Tinning a wire

7. Preparing the Soldering Iron
Cleaning the soldering iron

8. Tinning the Iron
Apply some solder to the iron

9. The Heat Bridge
Applying solder to the Wire

10. Feed in the Solder
The hot wire will melt the solder

11. Capillary Action
Wicking action draws solder into wire strands

12. Tinned Wire
All wire strands are coated with solder

13. Good Job !
The solder has coated the strands but has not traveled
under
the insulation.

14. Solder follows heat
If the heat is allowed to travel down the wire, the solder will
follow.

15. Splicing
Simple twisted splice
The easiest type of splice

16. Simple twist splice
Strip two wires & twist together

17. Simple Twist Splice
Finish by tinning both wires together.

18. Side by side splice
Bonding two tinned wires
Requires two steps

19. Side by side splice
Step one: Tin two stripped wires.

20. Side by side splice
Step Two: Bond wires with a heat bridge.

21. Side by side splice
Correctly bonded splice

22. Straight Twisted Splice
Step one: Strip wires & twist together

23. Straight twisted splice
Step Two: Tin both wires at once.

24. Woven Splice
Three Steps

25. Woven Splice
Step One: Push two stripped wire strands together.

26. Woven Splice
The wire strands are intertwined & twisted
before tinning

27. Woven Splice
Bond the intertwined strands together

28. Woven Splice
A good woven splice is almost as smooth at the wire itself.

29. PC board Soldering

30. Mounting Components
Multiple steps.

31. Prepare the component lead
2.
1.

32. Capacitor leads

33. Soldering to circuit board step 1

34. Attaching the lead
Apply solder to both the solder pad and the component lead

35. Feed in solder
Just like tinning a wire

36. The right amount of solder
Concave shaped solder joint

37. Poor Solder solder joints
These are not concave shaped solder joints
cold
lopsided convex No bonding

38. How are these?

39. Cold Solder Joint
No bonding between solder pad and the lead.

40. A good solder joint
Concave cone
Covered pad
Trimmed leadTrimmed lead
Covered solder pad
Concave
cone

41. Misaligned resistor shorted to solder joint
in a new walkie-talkie

42. How about these solder joints?

43. Align all the parts correctly.

44. Review
1. Alloy 2. Flux
3. Simple twist splice 4. Side by side splice
5. Straight twist splice 6. Woven splice
7. PC Board soldering 8. Concave solder joint
9. Cold solder joint 10. Solder pad coverage
11. Tinning 12. Heat bridge
13. Capillary Action