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Brazing and soldering welding
Brazing and soldering are joining processes that utilize filler metals without melting the base metals. Brazing operates at higher temperatures and can bond dissimilar metals, making it suitable for applications like automotive and plumbing, while soldering, with lower melting points, is often used in electrical assembly. Both methods offer advantages such as versatility and the ability to join various materials, but they may also entail lower joint strength compared to welding.
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Brazing and soldering welding
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- 2. Overview of Brazingand Soldiering Both use filler metals to permanently join metal parts, but there is no melting of base metals When to use brazing or soldiering instead of fusion welding: Metals have poor weld ability Dissimilar metals are to be joined Intense heat of welding may damage components being joined Geometry of joint not suitable for welding High strength is not required
- 3. Brazing Joining processin which a filler metal is melted and distributed by capillary action between faying surface of metal parts being joined No melting of base metals occurs Only the filler melts Filler metal Tm greater than 4500C (8400F) but less than Tm of base metal(s) to be joined.
- 4. Some filler metalsfor brazing Base Metal(s) Filler metal(s) Aluminum Aluminum and silicon Nickel-copper alloy Copper Copper Copper and phosphorous Steel, cast iron Copper and zinc Stainless steel Gold and silver
- 5. Brazing Compared toWelding Any metals can be joined, including dissimilar metals Can be performed quickly and consistently, permitting high production rates Multiple joints can be braze simultaneously Less heat and power Required than Fusion welding Joint areas that are inaccessible by many welding processes can be brazed; capillary action draws molten filler metal into joint
- 6. Disadvantages and Limitationsof Brazing Joint strength is generally less than a welded joint Joint strength is likely to be less than the base metals High service temperatures may weaken a brazed joint Color of brazing metal may not match color of base metal parts, a possible aesthetic disadvantage
- 7. Brazing Applications Automotive(e.g. Joining tubes and pipes) Electrical equipment (e.g. joining wires and cables) Cutting tools (e.g. brazing cemented carbide inserts to shanks) Jewelry Chemical process industry Plumbing and heating contractors join metal pipes and tubes by brazing Repair and maintenance work
- 8. Soldering Joining processin which a filler metal with Tm less than or equal to 450ᵒC is melted and distributed by capillary action between faying surfaces of metal parts being joined. No melting of base metals, but filler metal wets and combines with base metal to form metallurgical bond. Soldering similar to Brazing, and many of the same heating methods are used. Filler metal called solder. Most closely associated with electrical and electronic assembly.(wire soldering)
- 9. Soldering Advantages andDisadvantages Advantages : • Lower energy than brazing or fusion welding • Variety of heating methods available. • Good electrical and thermal conductivity in joint. • Easy repair and rework. Disadvantages : • Low joint strength unless reinforced by mechanically means. • Possible weak or melting of joint in elevated temperature service.
- 10. Filler metals insoldering Usually alloys of tin(Sn) and lead(Pb).Both metals have low melting temperature. In soldering copper, copper and tin form intermetallic compounds that strengthen bond. Silver and antimony also used in soldering alloys.
- 11. Summary Brazing andsoldering are process that have many great advantages that are often overlooked. They are an excellent process for portable applications and the versatility makes them great choices for many jobs. Their ability to join may different materials with a limited variety of fluxes and filler metals reduces the need for a large inventory of materials.