Electronic components can be categorized as either active or passive. Passive components, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, cannot produce power gain or amplification and require no external power source. Active components, such as vacuum tubes, transistors, and thyristors, can produce electric energy, contribute power gain to a circuit, and require an external power source. Early electronic components included vacuum tubes, which dominated electronics until being largely replaced by solid state devices starting in the 1950s. Common electronic components include resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits.

1. Presented By:
Deepjyoti Mahanta
3/26/2020 1
PASSIVE AND ACTIVE
COMPONENTS

2. What is electronics?
In 1950, Institute of Radio
Electronics (IRE) have given a
standard definition of
Electronics-
“Field of Science and
Engineering which deals with
electronic devices and their
origin or design and
engineering and their
utilization”
A device which conduction takes
place by the movement of
electron through a vacuum, a
gas or a semiconductor.

3. Electronic devices and components
An electronic component is any physical
entity in an electronic system used to
affect the electrons or their
associated fields in a desired manner
consistent with the intended function
of the electronic system.
Components are generally intended
to be connected together, usually by
being soldered to a printed circuit
board (PCB), to create an electronic
circuit with a particular function (for
example an amplifier, radio receiver,
or oscillator). Components may be
packaged singly or in more complex
groups as integrated circuits. Some
common electronic components are
capacitors, inductors, resistors,
diodes, transistors, etc. Components
are often categorized as active (e.g.
transistors and thyristors) or passive
(e.g. resistors and capacitors).

4. Early electronic components
Vacuum tubes were one of the earliest
electronic components. They dominated
electronics until the 1950s. Since that time,
solid state devices have all but completely
taken over. Vacuum tubes are still used in
some specialist applications such as high
power RF amplifiers, cathode ray tubes, and
some microwave devices.

5. Vacuum tube

6. Electronic Components
3/26/2020 6
• It is any basic discrete device or
physical entity in an electronic
system used to affect electrons or
their associated fields
Electronic Components
• Passive Components
• Active Components

7. 3/26/2020 7
Active Components Passive Components
It can produce electric
energy
It can consume electrical
energy but can not produce
it.
It contributes power gain to
a circuit
It contributes no power gain
(amplification) to a circuit.
Require external source Do not require external
source
Examples are resistor,
capacitor and inductor
Examples are tube device
and semi condutor devices.

8. RESISTORS
A resistor is used to reduce the flow of
electricity in an electric circuit. Resistors
come in fixed or variable types.

9. FIXED RESISTORS
• A fixed resistor cannot be changed as it is set
at a specific value

10. VARIABLE RESISTORS
• Variable resistors also known as rheostats can
have their resistance changed by moving a
slider.

11. THERMISTOR
• • Thermistors are resistors whose resistance
changes with temperature. The higher the
temperature, the lower the resistance.

12. DIODE
• A diode is an electrical device allowing current
to move through it in one direction with far
greater ease than in the other.

13. LIGHT EMITTING DIODE LED
• A light-emitting diode (LED) is a
semiconductor device that emits visible light
when an electric current passes through it.