Socialization is the lifelong process by which people develop a sense of self and learn the norms of their society. It occurs through several key agents including family, school, and mass media. The process of socialization happens in stages across the lifespan, beginning with the oral stage in infancy and continuing through adolescence, when physiological changes occur and individuals seek greater independence.

1. “SOCIALIZATION
ACROSS THE LIFE
CYCLE”

2. Socialization
• is the process by which people
develop a sense of self and learn
the ways of society
• is the lifelong process of
preparing an individual to live
within his or her own society.

3. Agents of socialization:

4. 1. family
family

5. 2. school
• school

6. 3. Mass media
• It is a form of communication directed to
large audiences and includes TV, radio,
newspapers, and magazines. It entertain us
and shape our attitudes and values.
• Mass media bombards youth with
advertising while socializing other age group
to the music and style of the youth
subculture.

7. Stages/ Process of socialization:

8. 1. oral stage
• It is a stage which begins from birth till one year.
• During this stage, the child cries for everything as
this is the only wat it can communicate its need.
• At the first year of its life, the child’s contact with
the outside world through the mouth and lips.
• Freud called this stage as “primary identification”.
• Crying and smiling are forms of early social
behavior.

9. 2. Anal stage
• During this stage the child learns
that one cannot totally depend on
the mother for everything.
• The child undergoes toilet training
and acquires other skills.
• It is taught to distinguish between
wrong and right actions trough
system of reward and punishment.

10. 3. Oedipal stage
• The child learns to identify itself with
the social role ascribed to it on the
basis of its sex.
• According to Freud, the boy develops
the “Oedipus complex” and girl
develop “Electra complex”.

11. 4. Latency stage
• By the beginning of thus stage, the
child has learnt to be independent in
the daily routine at home.
• There is a greater participation in
group activities and group loyalties
are considered important.
• There is a greater revolt against
authority and domination.

12. 5. Adolescence stage
• This stage starts with the onset of puberty and
continue through the teenage years.
• The adolescent undergoes a number of physiological
changes.
• Boys and girls try to break free from parental control.
• The individual is more attracted to members of the
opposite sex.
• It is more generally to various recreational activities.

13. Work cited:
https://www.slideshare.net/SLazio-Maimone/socialization-
across-the-life-cycle

14. Thank u!!!!!!!