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Social Perception
The document presents an overview of social perception, focusing on non-verbal communication, impression formation, and attribution theory. It highlights the significance of body language, tone, and facial expressions in communication, along with techniques for managing impressions and creating positive perceptions. Additionally, it discusses Kelly's covariation model, which helps to understand how people attribute behaviors based on consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency.
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Social Perception
- 1. devangdoshi.com Social Perception Q1 –2016 / PSY110: Social Psychology / Prof. Joyce G. Davis Feb 23 2016
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- 3. devangdoshi.com Look at theabove image for 30 secs Activity A
- 4. devangdoshi.com Q: What doyou see? A. Butterfly B. Bat C. Moth D. Something Else Activity A
- 5. devangdoshi.com Perception “a way ofregarding, understanding, or interpreting something; a mental impression” Dictionary definition from google.com
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- 7. devangdoshi.com Lines: Parallel orDivergent?
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- 9. devangdoshi.com Young Lady orOld Lady?
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- 11. devangdoshi.com Social Perception “The processthrough which we seek to know and understand other people.” Baron, Robert A., Nyla Branscombe. Social Psychology, 13th Edition. Pearson Learning Solutions, 09/2011.
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- 14. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication 60% is body language 30% istone 90% of what you are saying is non-verbal HUMAN COMMUNICATON
- 15. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication How manytimes have you said or written words that expressed something, but, in your heart, you meant something else?
- 16. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication How manytimes have you nodded in agreement for what is being said, but your foot shook involuntarily showing complete disapproval?
- 17. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication • Useof eyes and facial expressions as reaction • Use of hands while talking to make a point • Understanding and using body language is necessary in the workplace, with friends, and in close relations Hand gestures, facial expressions, and body language, in general, take many forms and convey many meanings.
- 18. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Lets examinewhat you already know about non-verbal communication Activity B
- 19. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Activity B 1.What is the most expressive part of your body? A. Hands B. Eyes C. Shoulders D. Face Face can say much without you having to say a single word. If you are skeptical, optimistic, or overwhelmed, your facial expressions will show exactly what you are thinking unless you can put on a poker face.
- 20. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Activity B 2.What is the part of your body that adds important information to your face-to-face interaction? A. Hands and upper-body movement B. Eyes C. Lips D. Nose Hands and upper-body movement can help you illustrate and reinforce a point you are trying to make with your words. Hands and upper-body movement are essential in nonverbal communication.
- 21. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Activity B 3.Crossing your arms over your chest and leaning back is a A. Sign of friendliness B. Sign of boredom and defiance C. Sign of cooperation D. Sign of expectation and admiration Crossing your arm over your chest and leaning back is taken as a sign of boredom and defiance. However, if you lean slightly towards the person you are talking to, this might be taken as a sign of interest.
- 22. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Activity B 4.Attractive people, who dress nicely, tend to be seen as: A. More intelligent than unattractive people B. Less likable than unattractive people C. Less convincing than unattractive people Attractive people are seen as more intelligent, more likable, and more persuasive than unattractive
- 23. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Activity B 5.Fiddling with your hands, swinging with your foot, and crossing and re-crossing your legs means: A. You are ready to leave B. You are not interested in what has been said C. You know more than the person talking D. All of the above Keeping still while communicating with someone may not be easy but it indicates that you are interested and care about what they are saying and this could bring better results.
- 24. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Activity B 6.People who are nervous speak: A. Faster B. Slower C. Normal pace D. Silent Nonverbal communication has lot to do with the voice quality, tone, pitch and accent of the speaker.
- 25. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Activity B 7.When you meet a person for the first time you can: A. Hug, shake hands, and kiss B. Greet formally C. Never touch at all D. Pat on the back Touch is a very delicate issue and can be understood differently by people coming from different cultures.
- 26. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Activity B 8. Which is the best communication space zone between two? A. 5 cm- 25 cm B. 25 cm- 50 cm C. 50 cm- 100 cm D. 100 cm- 150 cm A distance of 15 cm to 25 cm is considered very intimate and should be infrequent and brief, perhaps to shake hands or pat someone on the back. A distance of 25cm to 50cm is good for close friends’ conversation.
- 27. devangdoshi.com Nonverbal Communication Summary ofyour score: 7 – 8: Excellent communicator 6 : Good communicator 3 – 5: Learn some more non-verbal communication 0 – 2: Improve your non-verbal skills Activity B
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- 29. devangdoshi.com Attribution Kelly’s Covariation Model Kelleybelieved that there were three types of causal information which influenced our judgments. Low factors: Internal attribution | High factors: External attribution Consensus the extent to which other people behave in the same way in a similar situation Distinctiveness the extent to which the person behaves in the same way in similar situations. Consistency the extent to which the person behaves like this every time the situation occurs.
- 30. devangdoshi.com Attribution Example of Kelly’sCovariation Model Low factors: Internal attribution | High factors: External attribution Consensus: Alison smokes a cigarette when she goes out for a meal with her friend. If her friend smokes, her behavior is high in consensus. If only Alison smokes it is low. Distinctiveness: If Alison only smokes when she is out with friends, her behavior is high in distinctiveness. If she smokes at any time or place, distinctiveness is low. Consistency: If Alison only smokes when she is out with friends, consistency is high. If she only smokes on one special occasion, consistency is low.
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- 32. devangdoshi.com Impression Formation Most peopleare concerned with making good first impressions on others because they believe that these impressions will exert lasting effects
- 33. devangdoshi.com Impression Formation First impressionsare formed very quickly and even if based on limited information, can be somewhat accurate
- 34. devangdoshi.com Impression Formation Many techniquesare used for this purpose, but most fall under two major headings: •self-enhancement: efforts to boost one’s appeal to others •other-enhancement: efforts to induce positive moods or reactions in others
- 35. devangdoshi.com Impression Management Impression Managementrefers to the activity of controlling information in order to steer other’s opinions The goal is for one to present themselves the way in which they would like to be thought of by the individual or the group they are interacting with
- 36. devangdoshi.com Impression Management: Tactics IngratiationIntimidation Self Promotion Exemplification Supplication
- 37. devangdoshi.com People are verypossessive about their perception
- 38. devangdoshi.com Image Sources • http://searchfedrick.weebly.com/uploads/3/8/0/9/38098211/9219177_orig.jpg •http://mentalhealthandhappiness.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/perception1.jpg • http://www.slideshare.net/iclaudius/verbs-of-perception • https://www.google.com/search?q=perception&espv=2&biw=1600&bih=775&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ& sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjUgO-DoLbKAhXBXR4KHY99DRgQsAQIaQ#imgrc=sRC6NhFAXhZFcM%3A • http://payload.cargocollective.com/1/0/128/30526/leighwells1.jpg • http://a1925.phobos.apple.com/us/r1000/018/Purple/39/61/5d/mzl.pxdjgvae.png • http://mercercognitivepsychology.pbworks.com/f/1353889995/optical_illusions_15.jpg • http://www.vth.biz/driver/sites/vth.biz/files/blogimages/trickold.jpg • http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-CZAYLQXYy-4/UQDGHNAlXNI/AAAAAAAABd0/rig_SoVDaO0/s1600/cafewall.jpgs • https://up.metropol247.co.uk/082011/1312299875_2099753669.jpeg • http://www.onesweetwriter.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Screen-Shot-2012-06-10-at-10.05.29-PM.png
- 39. devangdoshi.com References • Baron, RobertA., Nyla Branscombe. Social Psychology, 13th Edition. Pearson Learning Solutions, 09/2011. • http://www.ccis.edu/courses/psyc101a/Major%20Perspectives%20in%20Psychology.htm • http://psychology.about.com/od/psychology101/a/perspectives.htm • http://advancedlifeskills.com/blog/how-your-beliefs-create-your-reality-part-1/ • http://johnstepper.com/2013/10/26/the-five-monkeys-experiment-with-a-new-lesson/ • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0344qRfAOtA • https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140825115534-60304459-test-your-nonverbal-communication-skills-learn- to-hear-what-is-not-being-said • http://www.simplypsychology.org/attribution-theory.html • http://www.slideshare.net/sk_prince/impression-managementperception-of-self-image-behaviour
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- 41. devangdoshi.com THANK YOU FORYOUR TIME
Editor's Notes
- #18 You consciously or unconsciously use your eyes and facial expressions to make your listener understand a certain feeling about what she is saying. You sometimes "talk" with your hands to get your points across. Hand gestures can be good communication tools to help you make your words clearer. Understanding and using body language is necessary in the workplace, with friends, and in close relations
- #30 Kelly developed a logical model for judging whether a particular action should be attributed to some characteristic (internal) of the person or the environment (external).
- #31 Kelly developed a logical model for judging whether a particular action should be attributed to some characteristic (internal) of the person or the environment (external).
- #37 Ingratiation - influencing another's perception of our attractiveness; conforming, complimenting Intimidation - arousing fear Self promotion - to be seen as competent Exemplification - to elicit perceptions of integrity or morality or to arouse guilt Supplication - advertising weaknesses, seeking sympathy