This document discusses social mobilization for social inclusion. It defines social cohesion as the ability of a society to successfully manage relations between individuals and groups. Social cohesion is a shared responsibility of public, private, third and informal sectors through active citizenship. The study of social mobilization has shifted from class struggle to social movements focused on organization, identity, resources and exclusion. From a social pedagogy perspective, social mobilization results from communication between mobilizers and mobilized to increase awareness of needs and opportunities. Volunteering mobilizes resources like time, skills and money, and volunteers receive knowledge, relationships and experience in return. Achieving social inclusion requires participation across all sectors through social mobilization strategies.

1. MOBILIZATION FOR SOCIAL
INCLUSION
Dr. Xavier Úcar
Dpt. Pedagogia Sistemática y Social
http://uab.academia.edu/XavierUcar
October, 2013
Copenhague

2. CONTENT
1. Social cohesion and citizenship:
framework for social mobilization
a
1. The study of social mobilization
2. Social mobilization from the perspective
of social pedagogy
3. The analysis of the mobilization of
volunteer resources

3. Social cohesion and citizenship: a framework for
social mobilization
• Social cohesion is related to a diverse situations and topics:
fight against poverty; social exclusion; social, political, cultural
or economic inequality; construction of identity and
citizenship; etc.
• Social cohesion: very broad and complex field that refers to
the ability of a society to manage the coexistence and
relations successfully between those individuals and groups
that make it up
• Depending on the underlying political views, different
responsibilities are assigned to different groups and social
sectors to achieve this social cohesion.

4. Based on Herrera/Castón (2003)
SYSTEMIC FORMS
OF INTEGRATION
TYPES OF POLITICAL ACTION
Subjects and recipients of
social policy
Plurality of agents
Designed and implemented
from the top down
Rational
Participated
Designed and implemented
from bottom up
Normative
Prescriptive
FORMS OF SOCIAL
INTEGRATION

5. Social cohesion and citizenship: a framework
for social mobilization
• Welfare State has been reformulated in terms of Pluralism of
Welfare or the Welfare Society
• Social cohesion can only be achieved if it is understood as a
responsibility shared by all sectors (public, private, third
sector and informal sector), and if they engage in the struggle
to achieve it.
• Relational Social State
• Clear leadership from central government that must enable
and encourage the exercise of active citizenship

6. THE STUDY OF SOCIAL MOBILIZATION
• The traditional core of social mobilization was the “class
struggle” today it is the “social movement” as a particular
and phenomenal subject
• Nowadays the emphasis is focused on questions relating
to the organization of social movements and specific
concerns such as “identity”, “organizational resources”
and “exclusion”

7. Resource Mobilization Theory
(RMT)
New Social Movements
(NSM)
• USA
• Europe
• Calculation of costs and
benefits
• Rational choice
• Struggles aimed at extending
and maintaining citizenship in
context of information and
communication societies
• Social Mobilization as
Rational Action
• Social Mobilization as a
cultural subject
• Organization, interest,
resources, Strategies
• Socio-cultural factors (race,
gender, exclusion, etc.),
beliefs, perceptions, feelings
and emotions

8. SOCIAL MOBILIZATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE
OF SOCIAL PEDAGOGY
• Social mobilization as a result of a process of communication
between the mobilizers – whether these are individuals,
groups, organizations or communities - and the mobilized
• Mobilization is the individual or collective action of people,
associations or organizations that seek to respond to situations
of need, interest or possibilities of action in the field of social
inclusion.
• This communicative interaction would ideally involve a
qualitative increase in the levels of people’s awareness
(conscientization)

9. Situations of need, interest or possibilities of
action in the field of social inclusion
Social
mobilization to
ANSWER
MOBILIZERS
(individuals,
groups,
organizations or
communities)
communicative interaction
LEARNING
AWARENESS
MOBILIZED
(individuals,
groups,
organizations or
communities)

10. THE ANALYSIS OF THE MOBILIZATION OF
VOLUNTEER RESOURCES
• Volunteering is an action that mobilizes people and,
through them, a wide variety of resources of very
different type (money, company, people, food,
clothing, jobs, training, etc.)
• Volunteering is a value and an important resource for
any society
• Knowing the motivations and expectations of people
in relation to what they can give or receive through
volunteering gives content to the processes of
mobilization

11. Volunteers give
Volunteers receive
Time
Enthusiasm and Affection (emotions)
Knowledge
Relations and affection (emotions)
Knowledge
Acknowledgement
Commitment and dedication
Responsibility
Experience
Acknowledgement
New skills
Volunteering organizations
give
Volunteering organizations
receive
Programs
Training
Ease in achieving objectives
Public image and awareness
(Corporate identity)
Involvement in society
Representativeness
Meaning
Management
Support
Acknowledgement
Motivation
Means
(adapted from FICRMLR, 2000)

12. RELATIONAL SOCIAL STATE - PARTICIPATIVE
DEMOCRACY
PRIVAT SECTOR
Market
PUBLIC SECTOR
Government
ACTIONS
Politicians
Technicians
DURATION
SOCIAL
MOBILIZATION
FOR SOCIAL
INCLUSION
COST
Managers
Technical
Volunteers
OBJECTIVE
STRATEGIES
THIRD SECTOR
Associations /
volunteering
TARGET
AGENTS
SUPPORT
Managers
Entrepreneurs
Citizenship
INFORMAL SECTOR
Citizenship / family /
community,
neighbourhood

13. Thank you for your attention!!!