Download to read offline
![“Yet Wikipedia and its stated ambi/on to “compile the sum of all
human knowledge” are in trouble. The volunteer workforce that
built the project’s flagship, the English-language Wikipedia—and
must defend it against vandalism, hoaxes, and manipula/on—
has shrunk by more than a third since 2007 and is s/ll shrinking…
The main source of those problems is not mysterious. The loose
collec/ve running the site today, es/mated to be 90 percent
male, operates a crushing bureaucracy with an o]en abrasive
atmosphere that deters newcomers who might increase
par/cipa/on in Wikipedia and broaden its coverage…”
http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/520446/the-decline-of-wikipedia/](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/socialmachinesandhowtostudythem-170321152732/75/Social-Machines-and-how-to-study-them-11-2048.jpg)
![Gradus[n_] :=
Plus @@ (Flatten[Table[#1, {#2}] & @@@ FactorInteger[n]] - 1) + 1
a(n) = A001414(n) - A001222(n) + 1
where
A001414 = sum of primes dividing n (with repetition)
A001222 = Number of prime divisors of n counted with multiplicity
https://oeis.org/A275314](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/socialmachinesandhowtostudythem-170321152732/75/Social-Machines-and-how-to-study-them-12-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byDavid De Roure
Social Machines and how to study them
This document discusses social machines and how to study them. It begins with definitions of social machines and discusses empowered citizens and studying social machines. It presents scholarly social machines and social platforms. It discusses the internet of things and concludes with "Sociam GO!" emphasizing the study of social machines.
More Related Content
Similar to Social Machines and how to study them
![Automating ISP Networks Using Ansible and IPAM as a Source of Truth [SoT]](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/automatingispnetworksusingansibleandipamasasourceoftruthsot-v25-1-251124105117-d7d4ca24-thumbnail.jpg?width=640&height=640&fit=bounds)
Social Machines and how to study them
- 1. David De Roure @dder Social Machines and how to study them DIRECTOR, OXFORD E-RESEARCH CENTRE
- 2.
- 3. Empowered Citizens Studying SocialMachines Scholarly Social Machines Social Platforms Internet of Things Sociam GO!
- 5.
- 6.
- 7.
- 8. https://twitter.com/CR_UK/status/446223117841494016/ Some people's smartphones hadautocorrected the word "BEAT" to instead read "BEAR". "Thank you for choosing an adorable polar bear," the reply from the WWF said. "We will call you today to set up your adoption." http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-26723457
- 11.
- 12. Gradus[n_] := Plus @@(Flatten[Table[#1, {#2}] & @@@ FactorInteger[n]] - 1) + 1 a(n) = A001414(n) - A001222(n) + 1 where A001414 = sum of primes dividing n (with repetition) A001222 = Number of prime divisors of n counted with multiplicity https://oeis.org/A275314
- 13.
- 14.
- 15. SOCIAM: The Theoryand Practice of Social Machines is funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under grant number EPJ017728/1 and comprises the Universities of Southampton, Oxford and Edinburgh. See sociam.org
- 16. Ecosystem Perspective • We seea community of living, hybrid organisms, rather than a set of machines which happen to have humans amongst their components • Their successes and failures inform the design and construction of their offspring and successors
- 17.
- 18. Social Media Triangle social media data and analytics socialmedia for engagement with research social media as a subject of research Sam McGregor
- 19. The Web Observatory Tiropanis, T.,Hall, W., Shadbolt, N., De Roure, D., Contractor, N. and Hendler, J. 2013. The Web Science Observatory, IEEE Intelligent Systems 28(2) pp 100–104.
- 20. Observer of one social machine Observersusing third party observatory Observer of multiple social machines Human participants in Social Machine Human participants in multiple Social Machines Observer of Social Machine infrastructure 1 4 2 3 5 6 SM SM SM Social Machine Observing Social Machines 7 @dder
- 21. By Ségolène Tarte,David De Roure and Pip Willcox Working out the Plot The Role of Stories in Social Machines Tarte, S.M., De Roure, D. and Willcox, P. 2014. Working out the Plot: the Role of Stories in Social Machines. SOCM2014: The Theory and Practice of Social Machines, Seoul, Korea, International World Wide Web Conferences pp. 909–914
- 22. STORYTELLING AS ASTETHOSCOPE FOR SOCIAL MACHINES 1. Sociality through storytelling potential and realization 2. Sustainability through reactivity and interactivity 3. Emergence through collaborative authorship and mixed authority Zooniverse is a highly storified Social Machine Facebook doesn’t allow for improvisa/on Wikipedia assigns authority rights rigidly http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/ora:8033
- 23.
- 24. Tarte, S. Willcox,P., Glaser, H. and De Roure, D. 2015. Archetypal Narratives in Social Machines: Approaching Sociality through Prosopography. ACM Web Science 2015. SégolèneTarte
- 25.
- 26.
- 27.
- 28. Scholarly Machines EcosystemDavid De Roure,JCDL 2013 https://www.force11.org
- 29.
- 30.
- 31. Thanks to GrahamKlyne for assistance in capturing and encoding the First Folio provenance Pip Willcox
- 32. The Printing andProof-Reading of the First Folio of Shakespeare by Hinman makes the case for compositors A to E http://collation.folger.edu/2016/03/fallen-type/ http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/doc/JC_TextIntro/section/1/ Pip Willcox
- 33. Normal Science –computer science is a puzzle-solving activity under our current paradigm, inspired by great achievements. Successful social machines, like Wikipedia, are the anomaly. They do not yield to standard techniques despite attempts to extend those techniques and fit social machines in as machines. cf Newtonian mechanics. Kuhn cycle We are in the period of crisis, where the failure of established methods permits us to experiment with new methods to crack the anomaly. We experiment with social machines as an underpinning model. If successful, social machines become the new paradigm and scientific revolution has occurred. This is evidenced by the papers and books that train the next generation. De Roure, D. 2014. The Emerging Paradigm of Social Machines, Digital Enlightenment Yearbook 2014 227 K. O’Hara et al. (Eds.) IOS Press, 2014. pp 227-234.
- 34.
- 35.
- 36.
- 37.
- 38.
- 39.
- 40. Living in the Internetof Things
- 41. New Forms ofData ▶ Internet data, derived from social media and other online interactions (including data gathered by connected people and devices, eg mobile devices, wearable technology, Internet of Things) ▶ Tracking data, monitoring the movement of people and objects (including GPS/geolocation data, traffic and other transport sensor data, CCTV images etc) ▶ Satellite and aerial imagery (eg Google Earth, Landsat, infrared, radar mapping etc) http://www.oecd.org/sti/sci-tech/new-data-for- understanding-the-human-condition.htm
- 42. Seizing the tigerby the tail ▶ The Internet of Things describes a world in which everyday objects are connected to a network so that data can be shared ▶ But it is really as much about people as the inanimate object ▶ It is impossible to anticipate all the social changes that could be created by connecting billions of devices https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/internet-of-things-blackett-review
- 43.
- 44.
- 45. There is nosuch thing as a closed system Humans are creative and subversive The Rise of the Bots A Swarm of Drones Accidents happen (in the lab, bin) Holding machines to account Software vulnerability Where are the throttle points? @dder
- 46. Normal Accidents Small events cascade through the system, with catastrophic consequences, when: • The system is complex • The system is /ghtly coupled • The system has catastrophic poten/al doi:10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/04509-5
- 47.
- 49.
- 50. evolve power up Collecting Training Grinding Pokéstop Backpack Pokédex Gym Candy Stardust Poké Ball eggincubator revive catch Free to play, but pay for more balls, incubators, etc.
- 51. • An exergame(and cultural heritage app) with massive takeup – A behavioural intervention – Leads to real-world social interactions (also see Death Tracker) • What is it about the design pattern that makes it so successful? – Appeals to collector instinct – Appeals to gaming/training instinct – “The pokes are quite cute” cf soft toys • Compare with – Zooniverse, e.g. Galaxy Zoo, Snapshot Serengeti (gotta catch ‘em all) – Linked in (seriously!) • Do we create games in our own image?
- 52. In the Beginning,There Is the Designer The Designer Creates an Experience The Experience Takes Place in a Venue The Experience Rises Out of a Game The Game Consists of Elements The Elements Support a Theme The Game Begins with an Idea The Game Improves through Iteration The Game Is Made for a Player The Experience Is in the Player’s Mind The Player’s Mind Is Driven by the Player’s Motivation Some Elements Are Game Mechanics Game Mechanics Must Be in Balance Game Mechanics Support Puzzles Players Play Games through an Interface Experiences Can Be Judged by Their Interest Curves One Kind of Experience Is the Story Story and Game Structures Can Be Artfully Merged with Indirect Control Stories and Games Take Place in Worlds Worlds Contain Characters Worlds Contain Spaces The Look and Feel of a World Is Defined by Its Aesthetics Some Games Are Played with Other Players The Designer Usually Works with a Team The Team Sometimes Communicates through Documents Good Games Are Created through Playtesting The Team Builds a Game with Technology Your Game Will Probably Have a Client The Designer Gives the Client a Pitch The Designer and Client Want the Game to Make a Profit Games Transform Their Players Designers Have Certain Responsibilities Each Designer Has a Purpose
- 53.
- 54.
- 55. Nigel Shadbolt David DeRoure Tim Berners-Lee Ursula Martin Grant Miller Jason Nurse Petar Radanliev Ségolène Tarte Max Van Kleek Pip Willcox Wendy Hall Luc Moreau Leslie Carr Kieron O'Hara Aastha Madaan Elena Simperl Ramine Tinati Thanassis Tiropanis Dave Robertson Peter Buneman Stuart Anderson Amy Guy David Murray-Rust Claudia Pagliari Michael Rovatsos
- 56. david.deroure@oerc.ox.ac.uk @dder Supported by SOCIAM:The Theory and Practice of Social Machines, funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under grant number EP/J017728/1, also Cyber Security of the Internet of Things EP/N02334X/1, and Smart Society: Hybrid and Diversity-Aware Collective Adaptive Systems: When People Meet Machines to Build a Smarter Society, funded under the European Commission FP7-ICT FET Proactive Initiative: Fundamentals of Collective Adaptive Systems (FOCAS), Project Reference 600854.