The document discusses the social dimensions of climate change, noting that climate change impacts are deeply intertwined with global inequality and threaten development gains, so both aggressive mitigation and pro-poor adaptation are needed, with a focus on social equity, governance, and protecting vulnerable groups. It also outlines the World Bank's work on these social aspects of climate change across regions, countries, and initiatives.
Presentation by Mr. Eric Yao, co-ordinator of The Africa Centre, Dublin, and a farmer in Ghana, on the effects that a changing climate has had on his business.
Climate change and Agriculture: Impact Aadaptation and MitigationPragyaNaithani
Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). For the past some decades, the gaseous composition of earth’s atmosphere is undergoing a significant change, largely through increased emissions from energy, industry and agriculture sectors; widespread deforestation as well as fast changes in land use and land management practices. These anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increased emission of radiatively active gases, viz. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), popularly known as the ‘greenhouse gases’ (GHGs)
These GHGs trap the outgoing infrared radiations from the earth’s surface and thus raise the temperature of the atmosphere. The global mean annual temperature at the end of the 20th century, as a result of GHG accumulation in the atmosphere, has increased by 0.4–0.7 ºC above that recorded at the end of the 19th century. The past 50 years have shown an increasing trend in temperature @ 0.13 °C/decade, while the rise in temperature during the past one and half decades has been much higher. The Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change has projected the temperature increase to be between 1.1 °C and 6.4 °C by the end of the 21st Century (IPCC, 2007). The global warming is expected to lead to other regional and global changes in the climate-related parameters such as rainfall, soil moisture, and sea level. Snow cover is also reported to be gradually decreasing.
Therefore, concerted efforts are required for mitigation and adaptation to reduce the vulnerability of agriculture to the adverse impacts of climate change and making it more resilient.
The adaptive capacity of poor farmers is limited because of subsistence agriculture and low level of formal education. Therefore, simple, economically viable and culturally acceptable adaptation strategies have to be developed and implemented. Furthermore, the transfer of knowledge as well as access to social, economic, institutional, and technical resources need to be provided and integrated within the existing resources of farmers.
This was a presentation done at a working session meeting by the African Group of Negotiators (AGN), United National Economic Commission for Africa/African Climate Policy Centre (UNECA/ACPC), Africa Development Bank (AfDB), The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and AfricaInteract with support from International Development Research Centre (IDRC) for the agriculture and gender negotiators and experts to prepare the AGN submission to the upcoming 44th session of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) scheduled to take place from 16 to 26 May 2016 in Bonn, Germany.
This is the 11th lesson of the course 'Poverty and Environment ' taught at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Presentation by Mr. Eric Yao, co-ordinator of The Africa Centre, Dublin, and a farmer in Ghana, on the effects that a changing climate has had on his business.
Climate change and Agriculture: Impact Aadaptation and MitigationPragyaNaithani
Climate change refers to a statistically significant variation in either the mean state of the climate or in its Variability, persisting for an extended period (typically decades or longer). For the past some decades, the gaseous composition of earth’s atmosphere is undergoing a significant change, largely through increased emissions from energy, industry and agriculture sectors; widespread deforestation as well as fast changes in land use and land management practices. These anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increased emission of radiatively active gases, viz. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), popularly known as the ‘greenhouse gases’ (GHGs)
These GHGs trap the outgoing infrared radiations from the earth’s surface and thus raise the temperature of the atmosphere. The global mean annual temperature at the end of the 20th century, as a result of GHG accumulation in the atmosphere, has increased by 0.4–0.7 ºC above that recorded at the end of the 19th century. The past 50 years have shown an increasing trend in temperature @ 0.13 °C/decade, while the rise in temperature during the past one and half decades has been much higher. The Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change has projected the temperature increase to be between 1.1 °C and 6.4 °C by the end of the 21st Century (IPCC, 2007). The global warming is expected to lead to other regional and global changes in the climate-related parameters such as rainfall, soil moisture, and sea level. Snow cover is also reported to be gradually decreasing.
Therefore, concerted efforts are required for mitigation and adaptation to reduce the vulnerability of agriculture to the adverse impacts of climate change and making it more resilient.
The adaptive capacity of poor farmers is limited because of subsistence agriculture and low level of formal education. Therefore, simple, economically viable and culturally acceptable adaptation strategies have to be developed and implemented. Furthermore, the transfer of knowledge as well as access to social, economic, institutional, and technical resources need to be provided and integrated within the existing resources of farmers.
This was a presentation done at a working session meeting by the African Group of Negotiators (AGN), United National Economic Commission for Africa/African Climate Policy Centre (UNECA/ACPC), Africa Development Bank (AfDB), The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and AfricaInteract with support from International Development Research Centre (IDRC) for the agriculture and gender negotiators and experts to prepare the AGN submission to the upcoming 44th session of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) scheduled to take place from 16 to 26 May 2016 in Bonn, Germany.
This is the 11th lesson of the course 'Poverty and Environment ' taught at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka
Valmonte-Santos, Rowena A. and Meinzen-Dick, Ruth. 2023. Common Pool Resources, Collective Action, and Property Rights. PowerPoint presentation given to students of AG 4390/AG 5371: Global Agriculture Leadership Academy. Department of Agriculture, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, March 23, 2023.
Climate change in sub-Saharan Africa: Consequences and implications for the “...ILRI
Presentation by P. Ericksen, J. de Leeuw, P. Thornton, A. Ayantunde, M. Said, M. Herrero and A. Notenbaert to 'The Future of Pastoralism in Africa: International Conference to Debate Research Findings and Policy Options', Addis Ababa, 21-23 March 2011
What follows is a detailed discussion of each of the 20 AERs of India and the 60 AESRs with reference to this climate, soil and land use, the distinguishing features of the AESRs are also mentioned.
This presentation gives an overview of the ain agricultural systems found around the world. It is designed to be used as a visual aid for about 8 hours of lectures to geography undegraduates.
Land is a complex, multi-component natural entity that becomes a resource base when used for a specific purpose or purposes. Land degradation is a concept in which the value of the biophysical environment is affected by one or more combination of natural and human-induced processes acting upon the land. It is a temporary or Permanent decline in the productive capacity of land. It is also the reduction in the capability of the land to produce benefits from a particular land use under a specified form of land management. Major forms of land degradation are water and wind erosion, desertification and chemical erosion. Urban expansion is also a form of land degradation. Negative effects of land degradation affect heavily on environment and economy which is a cause of grave concern. Land degradation has significant costs, particularly in developing countries (Rosegrant and Ringler, 1991). It does not only reduces farm productivity affecting livelihood and regional economies, it also leads to reduced biodiversity. Land degradation in most developing countries is becoming a major constraint to future growth and development. About 40-75% of the world’s agricultural land’s productivity is reduced due to land degradation (IFPRI, 2001). Increased support for research and extension to increase crop yields is crucial to meeting the needs of a growing human population for food, biomass energy, fiber, and timber. There is a need to increase support to biodiversity preservation by alleviating pressure to convert remaining natural habitat to croplands. There is a need for more public investments to support SLM to slow land degradation.
At the Africa Agriculture Science Week AASW 15-20 July, the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Head of Research Sonja Vermeulen gave a presentation on Climate-Smart Agriculture for an African context.
CONTENTS= Weather, Climate, climate change, Global climate change, Global warming, Factors Affecting climate, Vulnerability of agriculture to climate change, Agriculture and climate change is a three-fold relationship, Influence of agriculture in climate change, Impacts of climate change on agriculture, What can be done? , Conclusion
Valmonte-Santos, Rowena A. and Meinzen-Dick, Ruth. 2023. Common Pool Resources, Collective Action, and Property Rights. PowerPoint presentation given to students of AG 4390/AG 5371: Global Agriculture Leadership Academy. Department of Agriculture, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, March 23, 2023.
Climate change in sub-Saharan Africa: Consequences and implications for the “...ILRI
Presentation by P. Ericksen, J. de Leeuw, P. Thornton, A. Ayantunde, M. Said, M. Herrero and A. Notenbaert to 'The Future of Pastoralism in Africa: International Conference to Debate Research Findings and Policy Options', Addis Ababa, 21-23 March 2011
What follows is a detailed discussion of each of the 20 AERs of India and the 60 AESRs with reference to this climate, soil and land use, the distinguishing features of the AESRs are also mentioned.
This presentation gives an overview of the ain agricultural systems found around the world. It is designed to be used as a visual aid for about 8 hours of lectures to geography undegraduates.
Land is a complex, multi-component natural entity that becomes a resource base when used for a specific purpose or purposes. Land degradation is a concept in which the value of the biophysical environment is affected by one or more combination of natural and human-induced processes acting upon the land. It is a temporary or Permanent decline in the productive capacity of land. It is also the reduction in the capability of the land to produce benefits from a particular land use under a specified form of land management. Major forms of land degradation are water and wind erosion, desertification and chemical erosion. Urban expansion is also a form of land degradation. Negative effects of land degradation affect heavily on environment and economy which is a cause of grave concern. Land degradation has significant costs, particularly in developing countries (Rosegrant and Ringler, 1991). It does not only reduces farm productivity affecting livelihood and regional economies, it also leads to reduced biodiversity. Land degradation in most developing countries is becoming a major constraint to future growth and development. About 40-75% of the world’s agricultural land’s productivity is reduced due to land degradation (IFPRI, 2001). Increased support for research and extension to increase crop yields is crucial to meeting the needs of a growing human population for food, biomass energy, fiber, and timber. There is a need to increase support to biodiversity preservation by alleviating pressure to convert remaining natural habitat to croplands. There is a need for more public investments to support SLM to slow land degradation.
At the Africa Agriculture Science Week AASW 15-20 July, the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Head of Research Sonja Vermeulen gave a presentation on Climate-Smart Agriculture for an African context.
CONTENTS= Weather, Climate, climate change, Global climate change, Global warming, Factors Affecting climate, Vulnerability of agriculture to climate change, Agriculture and climate change is a three-fold relationship, Influence of agriculture in climate change, Impacts of climate change on agriculture, What can be done? , Conclusion
Social Media Analysis - Gillette August - September 2016Unmetric
Take a deep dive into the social media performance of Gillette and see how the shaving brand talks product features to engage its audience on Facebook.
Great article on how to integrate machine learning and optimization technique.
One group of researchers was able to reduce heart failure readmissions by 35% by combining machine learning and decision science technique, see "Data-driven decisions for reducing readmissions for heart failure: general methodology and case study" (Bayati, et. al., 2014).
How Does Social Listening Change the Way You Do Business (and Create ROI)Social Media Today
You can’t do social marketing well if you aren’t nailing social listening. If you’re crafting and executing a social strategy in a vacuum, your results will probably be equally hollow. The thing is, consumers are on social right now, talking about your brand or talking about issues that are important for developing and selling your products or services. Are you listening to them? Are you listening across platforms? Are you gathering your results from all areas of social? Are you taking that data and and using it to re-formulate your marketing approach? If it sounds like a lot, it’s because it is. But it’s not impossible with the right know-how.
Join us as our panel discusses:
How to know what to listen to and when;
Strategies for integrating social listening into your marketing approach
Ways to aggregate listening across platforms
How to turn listening data into actionable insights for your business plan
Livestock Early Warning System: A Tool that Holds Promise for an Integrated N...Global Livestock CRSP
Livestock Early Warning System: A Tool that Holds Promise for an Integrated Natural Resource-based Conflict Management. Presented by Abdi Jama (FAO/IGAD) at the GL-CRSP End of Program Conference on June 17, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
How To Put Your Brand Into Social NetworksRipple6, Inc.
Learn how you can use social networks to engage your audience and build valuable relationships with them. Find out how you can use the tactics that top marketers are using to successfully engage consumers in social networks. Ripple6 shares some of the secrets we’ve learned from working with P&G, Unilever, Walgreen’s, General Mills and many others. Learn what you can do to quickly engage consumers and become a valuable and welcome member of the online social network.
GlaxoSmithKline GSK CH - A report on Business Strategy and Growth Avenues in ...Maneesh Garg
A summer internship report on GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare (GSKCH) Himachal Pradesh. Report comprises the sales structure, business and supply chain model of GSK Consumer Healthcare in Himachal Pradesh. It also includes the comparative analysis of GSK supply chain and sales structure with competitor FMCG companies like HUL, P&G, Nestle and Colgate etc, Himachal Pradesh geographical audit, revenue model, remunerations of sales team, incentives and much more...
To get a copy of this presentation, share your views about the presentation with your email id in Comments section... I keep on updating my presentations and documents. To ensure that you don't miss any update or new upload don't forget to press the "FOLLOW" and "LIKE" button
Green Building Case Study on TERI,bangalore.Vinay M
This presentation basically encompasses the green practices which are followed or incorporated in the structure to attain the platinum rating systems and posses the sustainable features that way..!!
Presentation by Sonja Vermeulen, Head of Research, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) at University of Copenhagen, 13 June 2012. Visit www.ccafs.cgiar.org for more.
GreenATP ucla anderson business school mp totten 06 11Michael P Totten
Slides from seminar. See article for details: http://www.scribd.com/mtotten6756
Summary:
Humanity’s unceasing ingenuity is generating vast economic gain for billions of people with goods unavailable to even kings and queens throughout most of history. Unfortunately, this economic growth has triggered unprecedented se- curity challenges of global and historical magnitude: more absolute poor than any time in human history, the sixth largest extinction spasm of life on earth, climate destabilization with mega-catastrophic consequences, and multi-trillion dollar wars over access to energy. These multiple, inextricably interwoven chal- lenges have low probability of being solved if decision makers maintain the strong propensity to think and act as if life is linear, has no carrying capacity limits, uncertainty is controllable, the future free of surprises, planning is predictable and compartmentalized into silos, and Gaussian distributions are taken as the norm while fat-tail futures are ignored. Although the future holds irreducible uncertainties, it is not fated. The emergence of Internet availability to one-third of humanity and access by most of humanity within a decade has spawned the Web analogue of a ‘Cambrian explosion’ of speciation in knowledge applica- tions. Among the most prodigious have been collaboration innovation networks (COINs) reflecting a diversity of ‘genome’ types, facilitating a myriad of collective intelligence crowd-swarming phenomena (Malone T, Laubacher R, Dellarocas C. The Collective Intelligence Genome. MIT Sloan Management Review, Spring; 2010, Vol. 51). COINs are essential tools for accelerating and scaling transformational solutions (positive tipping points) to the wicked problems confronting humanity. Web COINs enable acceleration of multiple-benefit innovations and solutions to these problems that permeate the nested clusters of linked nonlinear complex adaptive systems comprising the global biosphere and socioeconomy [Raford N. How to build a collective intelligence platform to crowdsource almost anything. Available at: http:news.noahraford.com.
This presentation was used during CCAFS official side event at the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advica (SBSTA), Bonn, Germany. The topic at hand was on how agriculture could contribute to adaptation and mitigation.
the delicate topic of Sustainable Development through a
book which I have co-authored and give to the audience also a perspective on
how Education can sensitively provide support for this framework.
I will participate in my role of affiliate professor of management and behavior
for Grenoble Graduate School of Business, France ( www.ggsb.com)
by mark esposito (m.esposito@ht.umass.edu)
Policies and finance to scale-up Climate-Smart Livestock SystemsILRI
Presented by William Sutton, Pierre Gerber, Leah Germer, Félix Teillard, Clark Halpern, Benjamin Henderson, Michael Mcleod and Lee Cando at the Programme for Climate-Smart Livestock systems Closing Event, 13 September 2022
Evolving Livelihoods in a Risky Environment. Presented by John McPeak (Syracuse University) at the GL-CRSP "End of Program Conference" on June 19, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
Rethinking Relevance: Human Development and the Contemporary UniversityGlobal Livestock CRSP
Rethinking Relevance: Human Development and the Contemporary University. Presented by Anne-Claire Hervey (US Higher Education Initiative) at the GL-CRSP "End of Program Conference" on June 18, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya
The Quest for Impact: The Transformation of Research from a Traditional to a ...Global Livestock CRSP
The Quest for Impact: The Transformation of Research from a Traditional to a Participatory Format in Southern Ethiopia. Presented by D. Layne Coppock (Utah State University) at the GL-CRSP "End of Program Conference" on June 18, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
Empowering Afghan Herders to Build Peace. Presented by Michael Jacobs (Texas A&M University) at the GL-CRSP End of Program Conference on June 17, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
Nutrition, Sustainable Livelihoods, and Extension: Linking Agriculture, Human...Global Livestock CRSP
Nutrition, Sustainable Livelihoods, and Extension: Linking Agriculture, Human Health, and Nutrition with ENAM. Presented by O. Sakyi-Dawson (University of Ghana) at the GL-CRSP End of Program Conference on June 17, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
Animal Source Foods Promote Cognitive Function, School Performance, Increased Muscle Growth and Activity in Kenyan School Children: from Observational to Evidence-based Findings. Presented by Charlotte Neumann (UCLA) at the GL-CRSP End of Program Conference on June 17, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
The Interrelationship between Food Security, Nutrition, and HIV: Findings fro...Global Livestock CRSP
The Interrelationship between Food Security, Nutrition, and HIV: Findings from Ongoing Fieldwork. Presented by Grace Ettyang (Moi University) at the GL-CRSP End of Program Conference on June 17, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
One Health Approach to Solve Complex Problems and Improve Livelihoods at the...Global Livestock CRSP
The One Health Approach: Identifying Solutions to Complex Problems at the Livestock-Wildlife Interface. Presented by Health for Animals and Livelihood Improvement Principal Investigators Jon Erickson (University of Vermont) and Rudovick Kazwala (Sokoine University of Agriculture) at the GL-CRSP End of Program Conference, June 17, 2009, Naivasha, Kenya.
The Director of the GL-CRSP, Dr. Montague Demment, introduces the GL-CRSP "End of Program Conference" in Naivasha, Kenya. The presentation provides an overview of GL-CRSP achievements, lessons learned, and conference objectives.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
Social Dimensions of Climate Change
1. Social Dimensions of
Climate Change
Presentation to the Closing
Conference of the Global Livestock
Collaborative Research Support
Program (GL-CRSP), Naivasha,
Kenya, June 16-20, 2009
Robin Mearns
Lead Social Development Specialist
The World Bank
2. Social Development
Department
Framing the issue: climate change & social justice
Causes & consequences of climate change deeply
intertwined with global patterns of inequality
Acts as a multiplier of existing vulnerabilities in a
warming and transforming world
Threatens to reverse hard-earned development gains
Dual-track approach needed: both aggressive mitigation
and pro-poor adaptation
Importance of governance, institutions and social
accountability in climate action and response measures
Profound implications for the practice of development
3. Social Development
Department
Per capita emissions from rich world
dwarf those from global South
(Source: EIA 2009, drawing on 2006 emissions data)
4. Social Development
Department
Inequity even starker when population
is taken into account
5. Social Development
World map reflecting Department
carbon emissions
*Annual aggregate national CO2 emissions 2000
Source: SASI Group (University of Sheffield) and Mark Newman (University of Michigan), 2006,
cited in Global Humanitarian Forum (2009), The Anatomy of a Silent Crsis
6. The lower the GDP,
Social Development
Department
the more people killed
by natural disasters
7. Social Development
Department
Emissions and vulnerability
to climate change
(adapted from SEG 2007)
Highest vulnerability towards climate change vs. largest CO2 emissions (from fossil fuel combustion
and cement production, and including land use change, kg C per person and year from 1950 - 2003)
Largest per capita CO2 emitters
Highest social and / or agro-economic vulnerability
Largest per capita CO2 emitters, and highest social and / or agro-economic vulnerability
Areas with highest ecological vulnerability
8. Social Development
Department
Equity principle in global negotiations
Enshrined in UNFCCC: ‘Common but differentiated
responsibility’ (Article 3)
How is the burden of reducing GHG emissions to be
shared among nations?
How are adaptation efforts to be supported in the global
South, who pays, and at what level?
Cornerstone of global efforts to reach a fair deal in
Copenhagen
Instrumental as well as moral & ethical imperative –
developing world has access to most cost-effective
mitigation options
9. Social Development
Department
Equity in responses within developing countries
Substantive equity: who is affected & how?
Ensure equitable outcomes from climate policy &
action for those who are most vulnerable
Procedural equity: governance matters
Increase voice, capacity and engagement of vulnerable
groups in setting priorities in climate policy & action
at national and sub-national levels
Importance of social accountability & social learning
approaches
10. Social Development
Department
A dual-track approach is needed
Pro-poor adaptation
Important mediating role of local institutions, currently
neglected in most NAPAs
Need for articulation of interventions across scales
Additionality of financing for adaptation but operational
integration with ‘no-regrets’ development in practice
Promoting equitable benefit-sharing and managing social
risks associated with mitigation efforts
e.g. procedural & substantive equity in efforts to reduce
emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD)
12. Social Development
Department
Implications for a livestock development agenda
Role of agriculture remains neglected in climate negotiations
Agriculture contributes 14% of annual GHG emissions
Livestock contribute 18% of emissions (including land use change)
Grasslands store around 34% of global carbon stock, worth around $7/ ha at
current carbon prices – significant scope for payments for agro-ecosystem services
Synergies between mitigation and adaptation
Many management changes designed to increase carbon sequestration also
increase resilience
Changing crop mixes to include more perennials, deep-rooting plants, zero- or
low-tillage practices and mulching all increase soil carbon and moisture retention
Wetland restoration and avoidance of peatland conversion especially important
Changing livestock species mix, ruminant feed improvement & pasture
management can cut CH4 emissions
Integrated nutrient & manure management with increased efficiency in irrigation
and fertilizer use can reduce NO2 & CH4 emissions
13. Social Development
Department
Opportunities & challenges
Strong potential for sustainable development co-benefits
Low-cost mitigation and adaptation outcomes contribute to food security, poverty
reduction and climate resilience (potential triple win)
Property rights/ tenure shapes who benefits, who loses
E.g. pasture land usually formally vested in state ownership but held in common
by pastoralists under customary arrangements
Who owns carbon? Who should be rewarded for reduced GHG emissions?
Essential that users’ voices are heard in design of mitigation options
High measurement costs
Until recently may have exceeded market value of carbon sequestered
Techniques now available to measure reflectance properties of soils, allowing for
soil carbon mapping when combined with remote sensing
Possible trade-offs
Switching from cattle, sheep and goats to pigs and poultry could lead to reduced
CH4 emissions but could also increase demand for grain
14. Social Development
Department
Sustainable development co-benefits of agricultural
mitigation options
Social Economic Environmental
Agroforestry ? ? +
Tillage/ residue ? ? +
mngt.
Nutrient mngt. ? + +
Water mngt. + + +
Livestock mngt. ?/ - ? ?
Grazing land mngt + + +
Increase C storage + + +
in ag. products
Source: Smith (2009)
15. Social Development
Department
Adapting Livestock Systems to Climate Change CRSP
Climate change, livestock & Livestock & the value chain
environment Climate risk management &
Pastoral conflict management early warning systems
Change in range composition Stakeholder analysis of
Waste management in industrial options, prioritization
livestock systems Implications for marketing
Deforestation for grazing or
biofuels Enabling environment & policy
Coherence of inter-regional animal
Livestock & human health health policies
Implications for disease Food safety, regulatory standards
pathogens, vectors, surveillance,
control, epidemiology
Commodity price risk
management
Infrastructure, waste management
dimensions
Integration with social
protection/ safety nets
16. Social Development
Department
Climate change at the World Bank
… plus World
Development
Report 2010,
‘Development in
a Changing Climate’
Development
Marketplace
2009 on Climate Change
Adaptation…
… and regional
strategies,
analytical work, and
emerging operations