A presentation from Diego Thomspon, a PhD candidate of Iowa State University, on how governing environmental stresses can be helpful to communities (specifically, the community of Southwestern Uruguay). What do we mean by environmental stresses? Things like land use and climate change, which are often controlled by the government.
ICT Mediated Community Water Management & Decision MakingRajat Kumar
Community based water resource management is a valuable tool that strives to sustain and improve environmental health through a natural resource management approach that integrates locally driven initiatives. It seeks to bring together stakeholders to identify issues, needs & strategies; integrate social, economic & ecological concerns towards generating comprehensive solutions. The increasing penetration of Information & Communication Technologies (ICTs) presents a great potential for communities to connect with government officials, policy makers and other relevant stakeholders that would have; under normal circumstances; been inaccessible for them. What is important is that this ease of sharing information through ICTs should also decrease the time taken for members in a community to acquire equal knowledge about the issue at hand and to encourage faster collaboration & quicker and more informed decision making about these community water resources.
This paper seeks to examine this claim by examining literature and feedback from the “Neerjaal” portal, developed by the Digital Empowerment Foundation in association with Social Work Resource Centre and the Barefoot College, in Rajasthan.
Multiple costs of invasive alien species (IAS), presentation by Patrick ten Brink at the Ostend 2013 Conference - Non-Indigenous species in the North-East Atlantic, 20-22 November 2013. Ostend, Belgium, organised by ILVO, VLIZ, RBINS and Ghent University.
Determinants of Households Willingness to Pay for Conservation of Natural Koo...AI Publications
Most natural resources or environmental goods and services are exposed to degradation, society over utilize them for only their current benefits without thinking the future life span of these resources. The study analyzed determinants of households’ willingness to pay for conservation of natural Kool water (Burie Kool Wuha, W/Gojjam, Ethiopia). The contingent valuation method and Heckman two step model was employed. The results indicates that sex of the household head, education of the household, value attached to the resource by households as source of income, value attached to the resource by households reserving for future generation and wealth of the households has a significant and positive correlation with households WTP, and family size of households, education of the household and wealth of the households has a significant and positive correlation with the households payment levels. On the other hand, initial bid value has a negative correlation with the level of payments. Therefore, by taking the importance of the resource for the society and the households WTP, the policy makers need to focus on identified factors in designing strategies for the conservation of the resource.
Economics of Green Infrastructure (GI) presentation by Patrick ten Brink of the Institute for European Environmental Policy at the European Parliament 24 September 2013
GreenATP ucla anderson business school mp totten 06 11Michael P Totten
Slides from seminar. See article for details: http://www.scribd.com/mtotten6756
Summary:
Humanity’s unceasing ingenuity is generating vast economic gain for billions of people with goods unavailable to even kings and queens throughout most of history. Unfortunately, this economic growth has triggered unprecedented se- curity challenges of global and historical magnitude: more absolute poor than any time in human history, the sixth largest extinction spasm of life on earth, climate destabilization with mega-catastrophic consequences, and multi-trillion dollar wars over access to energy. These multiple, inextricably interwoven chal- lenges have low probability of being solved if decision makers maintain the strong propensity to think and act as if life is linear, has no carrying capacity limits, uncertainty is controllable, the future free of surprises, planning is predictable and compartmentalized into silos, and Gaussian distributions are taken as the norm while fat-tail futures are ignored. Although the future holds irreducible uncertainties, it is not fated. The emergence of Internet availability to one-third of humanity and access by most of humanity within a decade has spawned the Web analogue of a ‘Cambrian explosion’ of speciation in knowledge applica- tions. Among the most prodigious have been collaboration innovation networks (COINs) reflecting a diversity of ‘genome’ types, facilitating a myriad of collective intelligence crowd-swarming phenomena (Malone T, Laubacher R, Dellarocas C. The Collective Intelligence Genome. MIT Sloan Management Review, Spring; 2010, Vol. 51). COINs are essential tools for accelerating and scaling transformational solutions (positive tipping points) to the wicked problems confronting humanity. Web COINs enable acceleration of multiple-benefit innovations and solutions to these problems that permeate the nested clusters of linked nonlinear complex adaptive systems comprising the global biosphere and socioeconomy [Raford N. How to build a collective intelligence platform to crowdsource almost anything. Available at: http:news.noahraford.com.
Cities and Biodiversity Outlook - presented to Central Valley Café ScientifiqueMadhusudan Katti
Slides from a presentation of the UN Converntion on Biodiversity commissioned Cities and Biodiversity Outlook. Madhusudan Katti, one of the lead authors of the CBO, presented this to the Central Valley Café Scientifíque, on 3 December 2012, in Fresno, California.
A presentation from Diego Thomspon, a PhD candidate of Iowa State University, on how governing environmental stresses can be helpful to communities (specifically, the community of Southwestern Uruguay). What do we mean by environmental stresses? Things like land use and climate change, which are often controlled by the government.
ICT Mediated Community Water Management & Decision MakingRajat Kumar
Community based water resource management is a valuable tool that strives to sustain and improve environmental health through a natural resource management approach that integrates locally driven initiatives. It seeks to bring together stakeholders to identify issues, needs & strategies; integrate social, economic & ecological concerns towards generating comprehensive solutions. The increasing penetration of Information & Communication Technologies (ICTs) presents a great potential for communities to connect with government officials, policy makers and other relevant stakeholders that would have; under normal circumstances; been inaccessible for them. What is important is that this ease of sharing information through ICTs should also decrease the time taken for members in a community to acquire equal knowledge about the issue at hand and to encourage faster collaboration & quicker and more informed decision making about these community water resources.
This paper seeks to examine this claim by examining literature and feedback from the “Neerjaal” portal, developed by the Digital Empowerment Foundation in association with Social Work Resource Centre and the Barefoot College, in Rajasthan.
Multiple costs of invasive alien species (IAS), presentation by Patrick ten Brink at the Ostend 2013 Conference - Non-Indigenous species in the North-East Atlantic, 20-22 November 2013. Ostend, Belgium, organised by ILVO, VLIZ, RBINS and Ghent University.
Determinants of Households Willingness to Pay for Conservation of Natural Koo...AI Publications
Most natural resources or environmental goods and services are exposed to degradation, society over utilize them for only their current benefits without thinking the future life span of these resources. The study analyzed determinants of households’ willingness to pay for conservation of natural Kool water (Burie Kool Wuha, W/Gojjam, Ethiopia). The contingent valuation method and Heckman two step model was employed. The results indicates that sex of the household head, education of the household, value attached to the resource by households as source of income, value attached to the resource by households reserving for future generation and wealth of the households has a significant and positive correlation with households WTP, and family size of households, education of the household and wealth of the households has a significant and positive correlation with the households payment levels. On the other hand, initial bid value has a negative correlation with the level of payments. Therefore, by taking the importance of the resource for the society and the households WTP, the policy makers need to focus on identified factors in designing strategies for the conservation of the resource.
Economics of Green Infrastructure (GI) presentation by Patrick ten Brink of the Institute for European Environmental Policy at the European Parliament 24 September 2013
GreenATP ucla anderson business school mp totten 06 11Michael P Totten
Slides from seminar. See article for details: http://www.scribd.com/mtotten6756
Summary:
Humanity’s unceasing ingenuity is generating vast economic gain for billions of people with goods unavailable to even kings and queens throughout most of history. Unfortunately, this economic growth has triggered unprecedented se- curity challenges of global and historical magnitude: more absolute poor than any time in human history, the sixth largest extinction spasm of life on earth, climate destabilization with mega-catastrophic consequences, and multi-trillion dollar wars over access to energy. These multiple, inextricably interwoven chal- lenges have low probability of being solved if decision makers maintain the strong propensity to think and act as if life is linear, has no carrying capacity limits, uncertainty is controllable, the future free of surprises, planning is predictable and compartmentalized into silos, and Gaussian distributions are taken as the norm while fat-tail futures are ignored. Although the future holds irreducible uncertainties, it is not fated. The emergence of Internet availability to one-third of humanity and access by most of humanity within a decade has spawned the Web analogue of a ‘Cambrian explosion’ of speciation in knowledge applica- tions. Among the most prodigious have been collaboration innovation networks (COINs) reflecting a diversity of ‘genome’ types, facilitating a myriad of collective intelligence crowd-swarming phenomena (Malone T, Laubacher R, Dellarocas C. The Collective Intelligence Genome. MIT Sloan Management Review, Spring; 2010, Vol. 51). COINs are essential tools for accelerating and scaling transformational solutions (positive tipping points) to the wicked problems confronting humanity. Web COINs enable acceleration of multiple-benefit innovations and solutions to these problems that permeate the nested clusters of linked nonlinear complex adaptive systems comprising the global biosphere and socioeconomy [Raford N. How to build a collective intelligence platform to crowdsource almost anything. Available at: http:news.noahraford.com.
Cities and Biodiversity Outlook - presented to Central Valley Café ScientifiqueMadhusudan Katti
Slides from a presentation of the UN Converntion on Biodiversity commissioned Cities and Biodiversity Outlook. Madhusudan Katti, one of the lead authors of the CBO, presented this to the Central Valley Café Scientifíque, on 3 December 2012, in Fresno, California.
The Economics of The Global Loss of Biological Diversity Brussels Workshop March 2008 Patrick ten Brink of IEEP. This was a contribution to a workshop to debate what can be said in what terms on the value of biodiversity loss and what role there is for economic values.
Benefits Of Environmental Leglsiation Patrick ten Brink Presentation to Oxford University Masters Students presenting the key issues, results and methods behind the evaluation of benefits of EU enlargement
Presentation by Patrick ten Brink of IEEP at the EESC Conference on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Sustainable Production and Consumption (SCP). This includes decoupling and circular economy reflections and practical policy instruments.
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity and The Cost of Policy Inaction prentation by Patrick ten Brink of IEEP at the EEB biodiversity seminar 9 June 2008
Presentation on the cost of protecting nature, seen in the context of the benefits. Paper at the Athens Conference on Protecting Biodiversity - Beyond 2010. April 2009
Better Growth, Better Climate: The New Climate Economy PresentationNew Climate Economy
The New Climate Economy is the flagship project of the Global Commission on the Economy and Climate, a group of 28 global leaders in government, business, and civil society. Our Better Growth, Better Climate report explores how governments can grow their economies while reducing the risk of dangerous climate change. We encourage you to explore these slides and use them as a resource for your own work on the transition to a low-carbon economy.
Ecological Footprint assessment helps to identify what activities are having the biggest impact on nature and opens up possibilities to reduce our impact and live within the means of One Planet. It provides measurement of collective consumption of the population whether they are exceeding the Earth’s ecological limits or not. It is compared with Biocapacity which measures the amount of available bioproductive resources in ecosystem. The introduction of Ecological Footprint has been very necessary for the context of Bangladesh especially in Dhaka as the endless demand and the unplanned consumption pattern of the population here have been producing a very unsustainable situation.
Similar to PtB IEEP EESC SD Goverance to Rio+20 final adjusted (20)
Presentation by Patrick ten Brink of IEEP on Health and Social Benefits of Nature and Biodiversity Protection at the BfN/ENCA conference in Bonn. 29 June 2017
Lecture by Patrick ten Brink of IEEP on - Nature and the Green Economy, linked to OPERAs RTD project (and others) - to Oxford University Masters course 17 March 2017
Results from the scoping study on Natura 2000 and Jobs : ten Brink P., Mutafoglu K., Schweitzer J-P., , Underwood E., Tucker G., Russi D., Howe M., Maréchal A., Olmeda C., Pantzar M., and Kettunen M. (2017) Natura 2000 and Jobs: Scoping Study – Executive Summary. Brussels. April 2017. http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/pdf/Natura_2000_and%20_jobs_executive_summary.pdf
Based on analysis by the IEEP, Ellen MacArthur Foundation, the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, and Ifremer, IEEP’s Patrick ten Brink presented a policy briefing urging G20 countries to take action on marine litter by adopting circular economy measures. The briefing was presented at the special session on the circular economy at the G20’s think tank summit, T20 Global Solutions in Berlin, Germany. He also shared results of briefings by the other Circular Economy Task Force co-chairs (CEPS & Green Alliance), underlining the importance of transparency, product design, reparability, infrastructure investment, and economic incentives. The session, which included speakers from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation, IEEP, UNIDO and the company Werner Mertz, explored what measures are needed to catalyse a transition from a linear to a circular model and what G20 leaders could do to accelerate the needed system change and respond to both the urgency for, and opportunities from, action.
Presentation by Patrick ten Brink of IEEP at the European Parliament (EP) Workshop on EU Action on Marine Litter 3 May 2017 - Measures to address Marine Litter
Presentation by Patrick ten Brink of IEEP on Responding to Environmental Challenges TEEB at the World Bank SD leadership program workshop Cambridge UK 14 December 2011
PtB IEEP EESC SD Goverance to Rio+20 final adjusted
1. Institute for European Environmental Policy
Sustainable Development Governance at National, Regional
and Local levels in a Global Context, preparing for Rio
Patrick ten Brink
Senior Fellow and Head of Brussels Office, IEEP
PREPARING FOR THE 2012 RIO SUMMIT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
THE CONTRIBUTION OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN EUROPE
Session 2: Strengthening the Institutional Framework for Sustainable
Development - Reforming Sustainable Development Governance
23 March 2011 - 10.00 am – 5.30 pm
Meeting room VMA 3
Van Maerlant street 2
1040 Brussels
1
2. Structure of the presentation
Governance challenges & responses
Risks
Water
Biodiversity
Climate
Deforestation
Progress & Opportunities
Stockholm to Rio
Conventions: global framework for national to local action
Subsidy reform: national action with local to global implications
Marine: Fisheries/Coral Reefs
Steps to a Green Economy: multi-level governance
2
3. Governance Challenges: Multiple
WEF: Global Risks Landscape 2011
Perception data from WEF Global Risks Survey
Governance Challenges: Multiple
WEF: Global Risks Landscape 2011
Perception data from WEF Global Risks Survey
National, regional & local
risks “variations on a
theme” of the above 3
WEF(2011)
Global Risks 2011
(6th Edition)
5. Water stress, availability & sanitation
1.1 billion people live without clean
drinking water
2.6 billion people lack adequate
sanitation (2002, UNICEF/WHO
JMP 2004)
1.8 million people die every year
from diarrhoeal diseases.
3 900 children die every day from
water borne diseases (WHO
2004)
Many poles for action: countries (inc. cooperation), regions, cities, citizens, companies
• Investment in environmental infrastructures, regulation, pricing, innovation.
• Investment in Green infrastructure/natural capital. Rewarding benefits / PES
• Labelling and consumer information et al. 5
http://www.worldwatercouncil.org/index.php?id=25
6. Water: National action to facilitate local action
Hydrological services: Aquifer recharge;
Governance: measurement, policy Improved surface water quality, reduce
synergies, rewarding benefits provision
frequency & damage from flooding`
Tool: Mexico national PSAH framework
with local applications: PES to forest
owners to preserve forest: manage & not
convert forest
Results:
Deforestation rate fell from 1.6 % to 0.6 %.
18.3 thousand hectares of avoided deforestation
Avoided GHG emissions ~ 3.2 million tCO2e
National step forward re MDGs
Reduce Deforestation Address Poverty
Munoz 2010); Muñoz-Piña et al. 2008; Muñoz-Piña et al. 2007.
7. Water: Nation on nation impacts: Consumer
responsibilities
UK external water footprint – Understanding the implications of our consumption
Local action: San Francisco “meat
free Mondays”; Ghent: Thursdays!
For citizens: info, labelling & footprints
WRAP and WWF (2011) See also OPEN:EU for more on footprints:
http://www.oneplaneteconomynetwork.org/
8. Governance challenge: Biodiversity loss
Biodiversity loss leads to loss of natural wealth, ecosystem services, 8
UNEP (2011)
benefits to economy and society/wellbeing (see TEEB (2009,2010,2011) MEA (2005) UNEP Yearbook 2011
9. Contribution to Governance solutions -
Understanding the value of nature
“I believe that the great part of miseries of mankind are brought upon
TEEB for Policy Makers report have made of the value of things.”
them by false estimates they
Benjamin Franklin, 1706-1790
“There is a renaissance underway, in which people are waking up to the
tremendous values of natural capital and devising ingenious ways of
incorporating these values into major resource decisions.”
Gretchen Daily, Stanford University
Book announcement: The Economics of Ecosystems and
TEEB Reports: http://www.teebweb.org/ Biodiversity in National and International Policy Making now
Summaries (in range of languages) and chapters available from Earthscan
10. Governance : Understanding and responding to
the value of nature, our “natural capital”
Provisioning services
• Food, fibre and fuel
• Water provision
• Genetic resources
Regulating Services
• Climate /climate change regulation
• Water and waste purification
• Air purification
• Erosion control
• Natural hazards mitigation
• Pollination
• Biological control
Cultural Services
• Aesthetics, Landscape value, recreation and
tourism
• Cultural values and inspirational services
Important to appreciate the whole set of eco-
Supporting Services system services & take into account in
• Soil formation decisions – and not only after they have been
lost and oft costly substitutes needed. This is
+ Resilience- eg to climate change
critical for good governance at all levels.
11. Cities understanding the value of their natural assets
Multiple Benefits: at the Urban level – City of Toronto
• Estimating the value of the Greenbelt for the City of Toronto
• The greenbelt around Toronto offers $ 2.7 billion worth of non-market
ecological services with an average value of $ 3, 571 / ha.
→ Implication re: future management of the greater city area ?
Ecosystem Annual Value
Valuation Benefits (2005, CDN $)
Carbon Values 366 million
Air Protection Values 69 million
Watershed Values 409 million
Pollination Values 360 million
Biodiversity Value 98 million
Recreation Value 95 million
Agricultural Land 329 million
Value
Source: Wilson, S. J. (2008)
Map: http://greenbeltalliance.ca/images/Greebelt_2_update.jpg
12. Challenges to governance: Climate Change
Avoiding the problem, adapting to what we cannot avoid .
UNFCCC: Multilateral context for national action: shared responsibility, mechanisms
Key: National, regional & city actions – especially in context of insufficient global (or
national) commitment & actions
• understanding adaptation needs, investment in adaptation (man made and natural capital), spatial planning
• 12
Mitigation: RES, energy efficiency, ETS, taxes/charges, subsidy reform, innovation, avoided deforestation, restoration
+ labelling, consumer information and consumer choice UNEP (2011)
UNEP Yearbook 2011
13. Challenges to governance: deforestation
UNFCCC, UNCBD + bilateral + domestic + private + NGO + peoples
Multiple paths for action, diff. interests & opportunities & 13 costs
Instruments: REDD+, bilateral aid, national commitments, city procurement etc
14. Stockholm to Rio to Jo’burg to Rio
Stockholm Conference Rio Summit WSSD Rio+20 Earth Summit
United Nations United Nations Conference on World Summit on UN Conference on
Conference on the Environment and Development Sustainable Sustainable
Human Environment (UNCED) – also known as, Rio Development or Development (UNCSD)
Conference, Earth Summit Earth Summit 2002
1972 1992 2002 2012 2015
?
MDGs
UN's first major conference
on international 172 governments &108 Johannesburg Themes:
environmental issues heads of state/government declaration
a green economy
Beginning of modern Climate: UNFCCC Millennium Development in the context of
political and public Goals (MDGs) poverty
awareness of global Biodiversity: CBD eradication and
environmental problems Global Compact sustainable
Desertification: UNCCD
development,
Emergence of Restore the world's
Agenda 21 (Cities et al)
international depleted fisheries for 2015 an institutional
environmental law Forest principles framework for
sustainable
Led to the creation of UNEP development.
15. Governance: commitment to Conventions
Rio Rio+20
Issue: awareness: need for national Issue: need for implementation –
government commitment national, regional, city, citizen
15
UNEP (2011)
UNEP Yearbook 2011
16. Subsidy Reform : Win-win: environment-economy
Subsidies: over $1trillion/year: a mix of “the good, the bad and the ugly”
Opportunities: win-wins, reduce lock-in, progress towards a green economy
Free up money to help with MEAs
17. Global Fish stocks: an overexploited,
underperforming natural asset at risk of collapse
Source: adapted from FAO 2005
Half of wild marine fisheries are fully exploited; a further quarter already over-exploited
At risk : $ 80-100 billion income from the sector
est. 27 million jobs short term vs long term
over a billion people rely on fish as their main or sole source of animal protein
18. Marine: Critical natural asset in danger
Need: reduce pressure on coral reefs, MPAs et al & encourage GHG reductions
@ -450ppm and 2 degrees already accepting major losses
Critical governance issue: MPAs and no-take zones: government spatial
planning/regulation/enforcement, need to factor in local (short term)
acceptability, transition challenges & sustainable financing for MPAs.
19. Steps to a sustainable green equitable socio-economy
Past: Global Commitments & Near future: Medium term: Long term: sustainable,
resource efficient, green,
National env. measures “walk the talk” “Turning the curve”
equitable socio-economy
Implementation Transition to a Decarbonisation
Commitments new green
New Resource Efficiency
economy
commitments
paradigm
Resource limits
Learning from
success & failures Measurement Ecosystem capacity/limits
& transparency
Absolute Decoupling
Making multilateralism work
+ Risk management
Differentiated responsibility:
multiple actors, interests, Beyond GDP measures
incentives, opportunities – multi-
level governance Equity
Building consensus & Happiness
partnerships
Solutions: Economic signals/markets;
+ve Environmental Policies Integration /
measurement and assessment; regulation; spatial
mainstreaming planning; greening the supply chain; investments
Limited integration/mainstreaming
– policy in innovation & natural capital; labelling and
Continued losses of natural capital
19
coherence certification; consumer choice/responsibility &
social norms for a sustainable economy / society.
1972 1992 2012 2020 2050
20. Thank you
Patrick ten Brink
ptenbrink@ieep.eu
IEEP is an independent, not-for-profit institute dedicated to the analysis,
understanding and promotion of policies for a sustainable environment.
www.ieep.eu
The Manual of European Environmental Policy
http://www.europeanenvironmentalpolicy.eu/