More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Smoke detector
Similar to Smoke detector (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Smoke detector
- 1. MIED COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE Smoke Detector B Y: D H A N R A J S . S A LV I . S A N K E T R . C H A S K A R . T Y B . A R C H B U I L D I N G S E R V I C E S - I V
- 2. WHAT IS SMOKE DECTECTOR Protecting your home against fire. It’s nothing to be taken lightly. Do you know what’s available in smoke detector technology, and have you taken the time to fortify your home against fire? Whether you have smoke detectors installed, you have them, and your batteries are low, or your home is currently without them, here’s what you need to know about these life-saving devices. 02
- 3. smoke detector • A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator of fire. • Commercial security devices issue a signal to a fire alarm control panel as part of a fire alarm system, while household smoke detectors, also known as smoke alarms. • generally issue a local audible or visual alarm from the detector itself or several detectors if there are multiple smoke detectors interlinked • Smoke detectors are housed in plastic enclosures, smoke detectors are typically shaped like a disk or square about 150 millimetres (6 in) in diameter and 25 millimetres (1 in) thick, but shape and size vary. 03
- 4. Smoke can be detected either optically (photoelectric) or by physical process (ionization); detectors may use either, or both, methods. Sensitive alarms can be used to detect, and thus deter, smoking in areas where it is banned. Smoke detectors in large commercial, industrial, and residential buildings are usually powered by a central fire alarm system, which is powered by the building power with a battery backup. Domestic smoke detectors range from individual battery-powered units, to several interlinked mains-powered units with battery backup; with these interlinked units, if any unit detects smoke, all trigger even if household power has gone out 04
- 5. TYPE Two basic types of smoke detectors are used today Ionization Smoke Detectors Photoelectric Smoke Detectors *The sensing chambers of these detectors use different principles of operation to sense the visible or invisible particles of combustion given off in developing fires. 05
- 6. Ionization Smoke Detectors 6 1. The ionization smoke detector is widely used. Its capability to detect smoke originating from fire is best utilized for clean-burning fires that produce small particles during combustion. 2. The ionization smoke detector consists of an alpha particle producing a radioactive source (americium-241), a smoke chamber, and charged detector plates. 3. The alpha source causes the air within the smoke chamber to become ionized and conductive.
- 7. 07
- 8. • Ionization Smoke Detectors: Advantages of Ionization Smoke Detectors : 1. Detects invisible products of combustion. It can detect fires that are in the incipient stage or detect other aerosol-type smoke products. 2. Quick acting -- Provides for earlier detection than other types of smoke detectors or thermal detectors. Disadvantages of Ionization Smoke Detectors: 1. May provide false detection if used where volatile solvents, conductive material dusts, or high humidity are present . 2. Detects the presence of smoke only, not toxicity . 3. Has a potential for high false alarm rate. 08
- 9. Ionization Smoke Detectors 4. As smoke particles enter the smoke chamber, the smoke particles attach themselves to the ionized air molecules and the air in the chamber becomes less conductive. 5. When the air conductivity within the chamber drops below a predetermined level, the alarm is triggered. 09
- 10. Photoelectric Smoke Detector 10 1. The photoelectric type detector utilizes light as a detection mechanism. 2. A photoelectric, or optical, smoke detector contains a source of infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light, a lens, and a photoelectric receiver (typically a photodiode). There are two types of photoelectric smoke detectors: • Light sensing (scattering) • Light obscuring (blocking)
- 12. • i. Light scattering smoke detector depend on the ability of small airborne particles to scatter light. ii. The light emitted from the light source is not detected by the photo sensor. iii. When smoke particles enter in the chamber increases, more light is scattered toward the sensor. iv. When the concentration of particles reach the threshold, an alarm sound is produced. LIGHT SCATTERING SMOKE DETECTOR: 12
- 13. Advantages of Light Scattering Photoelectric Smoke Detectors: 1. Sensitive to visual particles of smoke 2. Detects smoldering low heat fires 3. Provide early warning Disadvantages of Light Scattering Photoelectric Smoke Detectors : 1. Early contamination by dust causing reduced sensitivity 2. Detects presence of smoke, not toxicity 3. Must be cleaned on a regular basis 4. Has a potential for high false alarm rate LIGHT SCATTERING SMOKE DETECTOR: 13
- 14. 1. Beam smoke detectors are line-type photoelectric detectors consisting of a separate light source and photosensitive receiver. 2. These devices are usually installed in large open areas where there is an unobstructed line of sight between the light source and the receiver and where the use of spot-type detectors would be economically unfeasible due to the number of detectors required. LIGHT OBSCURING SMOKE DETECTOR 14
- 15. Advantages of Light Obscuring Photoelectric Smoke Detectors: 1. Cover a large area economically 2. Quick acting Disadvantages of Light OBSCURING Photoelectric Smoke Detectors : 1. Unobstructed Loss between the light source and the receiver 2. Correct alignment needs to be maintained LIGHT OBSCURING SMOKE DETECTOR 15
- 16. Smoke detector placement and operation procedures Once you know what you need in terms of smoke detector technology, how do you determine how many detectors you need and where to place them? According to the NFPA, detectors should be installed: •inside every bedroom, •outside each sleeping area, and •on each level of the home. Bigger homes will obviously need more fire alarms than smaller homes. 16
- 17. 17 • If you install smoke detectors as part of a comprehensive smart home system, they can connect on a single platform so that when one alarm triggers, all of the smoke detector alarms in the house will sound. Notifications are sent to your system’s control panel and you’ll receive them on your mobile device as well.
- 18. MARKET RATES ZONE MIM RATE MAX RATE Industrial Premises Rs 350/Piece Rs 2650/Piece Office Buildings Rs 550/Piece Rs 4700/Piece Residential Buildings Rs 325/Piece Rs 1100/Piece 18
- 19. THANK YOU!