This document discusses smart textiles, which integrate microelectronics into textiles to endow them with new interactive properties. It defines three types of smart textiles - passive, active, and ultra smart - based on their ability to sense and react to environmental stimuli. The key functions of smart textiles are described as sensing, data processing, actuation, storage, and communication. Various materials used in smart textiles are also outlined, such as thermoregulating materials, chromic materials, luminescent materials, conductive materials, voltaic materials, and electronic textiles. The document concludes by noting several areas of research and development for smart textile sensors, actuators, signal transmission and control systems.

1. Presented by:
Md. Feroz Mahmud
TEXTILE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
ID No. : 130103023

2. IntroductionIntroduction
Smart textiles introduces a shift from passive
functionality to active behaviour.
It is the result of the integration of microelectronics in
textiles to endow materials with new properties.

3. Smart textiles are defined as textiles that can sense
and react via an active control mechanism to
environmental conditions or stimuli from mechanical,
thermal, chemical, electrical or magnetic sources.

4. Passive Smart Textile
Can only sense the environment
These are sensors
Active Smart Textile
Can sense and react to the environmental
stimuli
These are sensors and actuators
Ultra Smart Textile
Can sense, react and adapt themselves to
environment
Cognition, reasoning and activating capacities

5. Functions of smart textilesFunctions of smart textiles
 Sensing
 Data processing
 Actuation
 Storage
 Communication

6.  Sensing
Basically , sensing is the function of transforming a
signal into another signal that can be read and
understood by a predefined reader which can be a real
device or a person.
For real devices all the signals should be ultimately
converted into electrical ones.

7. Data processing
Data processing is one of the components that are
required only when active processing is necessary
Problems need to be overcome before imparting
textile material for this function are :: fastness to
washing, deformation, interconnections, etc.

8. Actuation
Actuators respond to an impulse resulting from sensor
function , possibly data processing.
Actuators make things move , release substances,
make noise and many more.
Shape memory material, drug supply system(emitting
substances) are the best suiting examples in this field.

9. Storage
Sensing, data processing, actuation, communication,
they usually need energy, mostly electrical energy.
Phase change materials or PCM acts as energy storage.

10. Communication
 It may be required
 Within one element of a suit---optical fibres,
conductive yarns
 Between the individual elements within the
suit---optical fibres, conductive yarns
 From the wearer to the suit to pass instructions---
optical fibres
 From the suit to the wearer or his environment to
pass information---wireless connection i.e.
antenna manufactured in textile material

11. Thermo regulating material
Chromic materials
Luminescent materials
Conductive material
Voltaic materials
Electronic textiles
Etc…

12.  PCMs are applied either in spinning or during chemical
finishing of textiles like coating, lamination etc.
Paraffin phase change material
 Acts as a storage of heat in
garments.

13. Change their colour reversibly
according to external environmental
conditions
Photochromic: external stimulus is
light.
Thermochromic: external stimulus is
heat.
Electrochromic: external stimulus is
electricity.
Piezorochromic: external stimulus is
pressure.
Solvatechromic: external stimulus is
liquid or gas.

14. Emits lights according to external
environmental conditions
Photoluminescence: external
stimulus is light
Electroluminescence: external
stimulus is electricity
Chemioluminescence: external
stimulus is a chemical reaction
Triboluminescence: external
stimulus is friction

15. FunctionFunction:: It conducts electricity.
PropertiesProperties:: Light weight,
flexible, cost competitive with
ability to be crimped, soldered
and subjected to textile
processing.
 PreparationPreparation:: It can be made by
filling synthetic fibres with
carbon or metal particles, coating
fibres with conductive polymers
or using conductive short fibres.

16. Storage of energy for electronic
parts
Use of solar cells
Photovoltaic materials possess
the property to generate electric
current by means of a light
excitation.
Research underway to produce
and store electricity from body
movements and wrist rotation

17. These are materials with
electronic functionality and at the
same time textile characteristics.
Advantages: Light weight,
durable, washable, integratable
with human body.
Examples---
Smart shirt
The sensory Baby Vest
The respibelt
The wearable computer

18. Areas of R & DAreas of R & D
For sensors - actuators:
photo-sensitive material
chemical responsive materials
micro- and nano-materials
For signal transmission, processing and
control:
neural networks and control systems
cognition theory and systems
For integrated processes and products:
tissue engineering
chemical/drug releasing

19. So, if smart textile are affordable I think they will be
accepted by the user as part of his everyday life…

20. I´d welcome any questions and
remarks.....