Introduction,,, Major Types,,, Examples,,, Applications and Advantages and Dis-Advantages of Smart Materials...

2. Group Members
 Habib ur Rehman (2012-IM-117)
 M Abu Bakar (2012-IM-126)
 Haseeb ur Rehman (2012-IM-109)
Rachna College of Engineering and
Technology, Gujranwala

3. Smart Materials
If you want to build the future, you need to
understand smart materials

4. Contents
 What are smart materials???
 Types
 Examples
 Applications
 Advantages and Dis-advantages

5. What are Smart
Materials???

6. What are Smart Materials???
 Smart materials have a fairly vague definition, which
points to any material that exhibits smart behaviors.
 Smart behavior occurs when a material can sense some
stimulus from its environment and react to it in a useful,
reliable, reproducible and usually reversible manner.

7. Definition
Smart materials are designed materials that have one or
more properties that can be significantly changed in a
controlled fashion by external stimuli, such
as stress, temperature, moisture,
pH, electric or magnetic fields.

8. Smart materials
 Smart materials have properties that react to changes in
their environment.
 This means that one of their properties can be changed by
an external condition, such as temperature, light,
pressure or electricity.
 This change is reversible and can be repeated many times.
 They are often also called “responsive” or “intelligent”
materials.

9. A smart fluid developed in labs at the Michigan Institute of
Technology

11. Major Types

12. Major Types
 Piezoelectric
 Electrostrictive
 Magnetostrictive
 Shape memory alloys
 Magnetocaloric

13. Piezoelectric
 When subjected to an electric charge or a variation
in voltage, piezoelectric material will undergo some
mechanical changes.
 The best known example is electric cigarette lighter.

14. Electrostrictive
 This material has the same properties as
piezoelectric material, but the mechanical
change is proportional to the square of the
electric field.
 Lead Magnesium Niobate (PMN) and its doped
derivatives are classical electrostrictive materials.

15. Magnetostrictive
 When subjected to a magnetic field, this
material will undergo an induced mechanical
change.
 Consequently, it can be used as sensors.

16. Shape Memory Alloys
 When subjected to a thermal field, this material will
undergo phase change which will produce shape
changes.
 These are used in aircrafts, piping, automotives,
telecommunication, robotics and in medicines as well.

17. Magnetocaloric materials
 Magnetocaloric materials are compounds that undergo a
reversible change in temperature upon exposure to a
changing magnetic field.
 These materials have applications in refrigeration.

18. Examples

19. Examples
 Smart Colors
1. Thermo Chromic
2. Photo Chromic
 Polymorph
 Smart Grease
 Conductive Polymers
 Nanomaterials

20. Examples
 Treated Paper
 Thermo color Sheet
 Precious Metal Clay (PMC)
 Paper foam
 Footwear
 Etc.

21. Applications

22. Thermochromism
 Thermochromismis the property of substances to
change color due to a change in temperature.
 Smart materials are used in all types of thermochromatic
liquid crystals, leuco dyes, thermochromic papers,
thermochromic polymers and thermochromic inks.

24. Photochromic Lens
 Smart materials are also used in photochromic lens.
 Photochromic lenses are lenses that darken on exposure to
specific types of light, most commonly ultraviolet
(UV) radiation.
 Once the light source is removed (for example by walking
indoors), the lenses will gradually return to their clear
state.

25. Shape-Memory Polymers
 Shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are polymeric smart
materials that have the ability to return from a deformed
state (temporary shape) to their original (permanent)
shape induced by an external stimulus (trigger), such as
temperature change.

26. Advantages and
Dis-Advantages

27. Advantages of Smart
Materials
 High energy density (compared to pneumatic and
hydraulic actuators)
 Excellent bandwidth
 Simplified packaging
 Novel functions such as the huge volume change as a
function of temperature exhibited by smart gels.

28. Disadvantages of Smart
Materials
 Dropping people out of the labor
 Not biodegradable
 Environmental pollution
 Expensive to produce
 Long term effects unknown
 Global crisis