The document discusses smart materials, which are materials that can change one or more of their properties in response to external stimuli like stress, temperature, moisture, or electric/magnetic fields. It defines smart materials and provides examples. It then categorizes smart materials into three main types - property changing, energy exchanging, and matter exchanging - and discusses their properties and applications. Common applications of smart materials include sensors, actuators, and systems for vibration/sound control and shape control.

1. SMART MATERIALS
HRUSHIKESH GANESH KORDE
023 , DEPT: EDU/EXT , SPPU.

2. INTRODUCTION :
• Smart materials are common name for a wide group of different substances.
• The general feature of all of them is the fact that one or more properties might be
significantly altered under controlled condition.
• The present age is considered to be the smart materials era. Earlier, smart material
was defined as the material, which responds to its environments in a timely manner.
• However, the definition of smart materials has been expanded to the materials that
receive, transmit, or process a stimulus and respond by producing a useful effect
that may include a signal that the materials are acting upon it.
• This study focuses on the introduction of smart materials and their classifications.
• Different applications of smart materials in various fields are also being discussed
starting from engineering to the present environment.

3. WHAT IS MEANT BY SMART MATERIAL?
• Smart materials, also called intelligent or responsive materials, are designed
materials that have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a
controlled fashion by external stimuli, such as stress, moisture, electric or magnetic
fields, light, temperature, pH, or chemical compounds .
• Examples include color-changing novelty mugs, color changing spoons, battery
power indicators and forehead thermometers.

4. TYPES
:
1. Property changing smart materials:
(a) Shape changing smart materials.
(b) Color and optically changing smart materials.
(c) Adhesion changing smart materials.
2. Energy exchanging smart materials:
(a) Light emitting smart materials.
(b) Electricity generating smart materials.
(c) Energy exchanging smart materials.
3. Matter exchanging smart materials:
(a) Gas/water – Storing smart materials.
(b) Particle - Storing smart materials.

5. PROPERTIES :
• 1. Smart materials have properties that react to changes in their environment This
means that one of their properties can be changed by an external. condition, such as
temperature, light, pressure or electricity. This change is reversible and can be
repeated many times.
• 2. Smart materials are designed materials that have one or more properties that can
be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli such as stress
temperature, moisture, pH, electric or magnetic fields.
• 3. Many centuries used lightweight smart materials because of their mechanical
properties.
• 4 Some traditional smart materials can be described as structural materials
• 5. Functional materials are usually used because of their god optical, electronic of
thermal properties.
• 6. Smart materials such as polymers, can respond to stimuli by chemical species, light
UV radiation.

6. APPLICATIONS :
• Smart materials find a wide range of applications due to their varied response to
external stimuli.
• The different areas of application can be in our day to day life , aerospace, civil
engineering applications and mechatronics to name a few.
• As far as the technical applications of smart materials is concerned, it involves
composite materials embedded with fiber optics, actuators, sensors, Micro Electro
Mechanical Systems (MEMSs) vibration control, sound control, shape control,
product health of lifetime monitoring, cure monitoring etc

7. REFERENCES :
• Fairweather, J.A., 1998. Designing with Active Materials: An Impedance Based
Approach. 1st Edn., UMI, New York, pp: 196.
• Kumar, S., 1991. Smart materials for accoustic or vibration control. Ph.D. Thesis,
Pennsylvania State University.
• Rogers, C.A., 1988. Workshop summary. Proceedings U.S. Army Research Office
Workshop on Smart Materials, Structures and Mathematical Issues, Sept. 15-16
State University, Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., pp: 1-12