Single screw compressor technology and its applications

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This document discusses advances in single screw compressor technology from J&E Hall International that improve efficiency and allow for use of natural refrigerants. Key points include a redesigned geometry that increases efficiency up to 8%, inverters and variable volume ratios that boost efficiency up to 23%, and applications like heat pumps, low-charge chillers, and industrial systems that utilize natural refrigerants to reduce CO2 emissions. The new single screw compressor design has simpler construction and lower maintenance costs compared to reciprocating or screw compressors.

Technology

Contents
• Single Screw Compressor Evolution
• Challenges
• Opportunity & Objectives
• How Single Screw Technology Works
• New Technology
• Geometry Redesigned
• Inverters & Variable Volume Ratio (VVR)
• Applications
• Summary & Results
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

Single Screw Compressor Evolution
15th Century – Leonardo Da Vinci 1972 Bernard Zimmern1978 HallScrew, Len Constant
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

Challenges
• Global warming is impacting our lives and we must take action to reduce CO2
emissions
• Policies/measures are being implemented by governments and international
organisations towards zero CO2 emissions by 2050
• J & E Hall is committed to zero CO2 emissions through products, technology and
natural refrigerants.
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

Opportunity
• Increase energy efficiency of the ‘heart’ of any refrigeration unit… the compressor
• Utilise natural and low GWP synthetic refrigerants in system design
Objectives
• Design and build a new generation of single screw compressors to achieve better
isentropic efficiencies
• Can be used with sustainable natural and synthetic refrigerants during phase-out
• Design new efficient solutions for heatpumps, chillers and industrial refrigeration i.e.
products which are energy intensive.
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

How Single Screw Technology Works
Gate rotor 1 – Compression on
underside
Main rotor
Gate rotor 2 – Compression on
topside
Suction gas
flow in
Compressor casing seal
(Shroud)
Flutes
Teeth
Discharge gas
out
Gate rotor
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

New Technology – Geometry Redesigned
Traditional Single Screw Geometry
6
1
2
4
5 3
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
6 flutes on main rotor 2 gate rotors with 11 teeth each
New design for single screw uses redefined
geometry - reduces cost, maintenance and
footprint
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

New Technology – Geometry Redesigned
Geometry Combination Design 1 Design 2 Design 3 Design 4 Design 5
Tooth width (mm) 29 47 41 36 32
Wrap angle 191o 240o 276o 311o 347o
Displacement 100% 129% 125% 119% 113%
Delivery port area 100% 80% 108% 140% 172%
Increase is better
Better for
High
Pressure/
Low speed
application
Better for
Low
pressure/
High speed
application
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
25% 50% 75% 100%
Increaseinisentropicefficiency
Cooling load capacity
Integrated Part Load Value for A/C
conditions
+7%+8%
Increase is better
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

New Technology – Inverters & VVR
Further efficiencies on the new range of compressors are given by:
Slide Valve
for Variable Volume Ratio
Inverter (Ext/Int)
for Capacity Control
+23% Increase over standard
screw compressor at 50%
load
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

New Technology – Inverters & VVR
Variable Volume Ratio:
POINT BPOINT A
CONDENSER
HEATINGCOOLINGHEATINGCOOLING
Pd = Pc
B
A
VsVd
Ps
P
V
Variable
Variable
Variable to match
operating conditions
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

Applications
1 & 2-stage Ammonia Heatpumps Low-charge water-cooled Ammonia & HC
Chillers
Low-charge air-cooled Ammonia &
HC Chillers
Bare-shaft Open & Semi-hermetic
Compressors
Ammonia ScrewPacks Cascade Ammonia/CO2
Industrial Chillers
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

Summary & Results
• New single screw efficiency gains represent a reduction in CO2 by:
• Geometry redesign (~8%)
• Integrated and external variable speed drives (up to ~23%)
• Variable volume ratio (dependant on application)
• Single screw design has the following advantages [over recips/screws]:
• Higher efficiencies at certain running conditions
• Simple design - less intensive construction and maintenance
• Long bearing life - reduced maintenance frequency
ü In summary a lower total cost of ownership
• Natural refrigerants reduce CO2. Products which utilise these are:
• Heatpumps
• Low-charge ammonia & hydrocarbon chillers
• CO2 chillers
• Ammonia Screwpacks
©2019 J & E Hall International Proprietary Information

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