Simply how you design a solar cell.

1. Design Considerations Of Solar
Cell
By
Anish Das
Roll no. -14MS60R16
MATERIALS SCIENCE CENTRE
Indian Institute of Technology
KHARAGPUR, 721302 - INDIA
FEBRUARY,2015
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2. Overview
 Designing of a solar cell
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3. Various steps for designing a
typical silicon solar cell
Take a p-type single crystalline silicon.
Then dope with thin layer of n-type.
Choose a proper material for making electrodes(for ohmic).
On the top of the cell place finger electrodes.
Series resistance must be low and high shunt resistance. 307:35:44 PM

4. Contd.
Choose a proper antireflection coating material.
Coat the material with proper thickness.
Your cell is ready to illuminate your purpose.
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5. Process to grow p-type single
crystalline silicon wafer
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6. Schematic of Czochralski
technique or C-Z technique
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7. Contd.
Bulk silicon Cylindrical
Silicon 707:35:45 PM

8. Contd.
Flat grind Slicing
Is needed to detect the plane 807:35:44 PM

9. Chemical etching and polishing
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10. Si wafers
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11. Contd.
Width of the wafer ~ 400 to 500 μm 1107:35:44 PM

12. Doping of thin layer of n-type Si
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13. Choose a proper material for
making electrodes
Electrode material must be such
that it can easily make ohmic contact
i.e. contact resistance must be very
low.
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14. Annealing of the metal-
semiconductor junction
Metal-semiconductor junction
should be annealed.
 Cause when metal-Si junction is
annealed then metal silicide is formed
which decreases the contact resistance.
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15. Effect of resistance on solar cell
 It reduces the solar cell efficiency.
 It reduces the fill factor of solar
cell.
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16. Types of resistance
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17. Series resistance
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18. Shunt resistance
 Shunt or parallel resistance
• Reasons:
 It is due to manufacturing fault.
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19. Contd.
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20. Antireflection coating material
Now we want that most of the
solar radiation should be absorbed by
the cell and not reflected back.
 So choose a proper dielectric
material with proper thickness of
coating.
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21. R.I of coating material
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22. Thickness of coating material
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23. Now your solar cell is ready to
illuminate your purpose.
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24. The EndThe End
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25. Any Question ?Any Question ?
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