This document reviews the effects of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and fibers on the shrinkage characteristics of concrete. It discusses the different types of shrinkage that can occur in concrete, including plastic, drying, and autogenous shrinkage. The use of SCMs like fly ash, slag, and silica fume are found to reduce shrinkage by replacing cement and participating in pozzolanic reactions. Fibers are also found to reduce shrinkage by providing a restraint against cracking. Super absorbent polymers can be used for internal curing to control shrinkage. Test methods for measuring shrinkage and other concrete properties are also outlined.
Effect of admixtures on shrinkage properties in self compacting concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
With the rapid advancement in concrete technology, demand for sustainable building materials has increased manifold in last few
decades. High strength concrete such as Self compacting concrete (SCC), also known as Self consolidated concrete, is considered
one of the finest and highly modified concrete material. SCC represents a major evolution in the building industry. The increased
use of SCC for construction and repair purposes lies in the fact that it is semi-flowable in nature and possess several advantages
such as environmental, human, technological and economical. This paper mainly focuses on the effect of various shrinkage
properties such as drying shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage and plastic shrinkage on performance of SCC. Detailed literature
review suggests that early age shrinkage in SCC has been a major setback in attaining it’s desired strength. Expansive cracking
and capillary tension are considered as two main phenomena behind shrinkage in SCC. It is found out that factors like lower
water/cement ratio or decreasing limestone filler/cement ratio leads to reduction in autogenous shrinkage. It is considered that
cracks are one of the pivotal reasons behind the poor durability of concrete as they help in entering hazardous fluids. Hence
cracks causes specific problems like plastic shrinkage. The effect of shrinkage reducing admixtures (SRA) on SCC was observed
to be positive. SRA along with paraffin based curing compounds helps in reducing cracks. It was observed from rheological tests
conducted on concrete as well as fresh SCC that, as far as drying shrinkage is concerned usage of SRA was found out to be
effective while hydrophobizing admixtures tends to be useless. Along with addition of such admixtures, limestone fines in SCC
mixes shows a reduction in autogenous shrinkage in SCC as compared to normal vibrated concrete (NVC). More importantly
results show that total shrinkage in SCC mixed with limestone filler is slightly higher (not >9.2%) than in NVC, while SCC made
with viscous Modifying Agents (VMA) shows 7.7% less shrinkage than in NVC, due to lower autogenous and drying shrinkage.
Keywords: Admixtures, Capillary Tension, Cement/Binder Ratio, Cracking, Shrinkage, Viscous Modifying Agents
SHRINKAGE PROPERTIES OF CEMENT CONCRETE INCORPORATED WITH DIFFERENT SUPPLEMEN...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the shrinkage properties of cement concrete incorporating different supplementary cementitious materials. It begins by describing the different types of shrinkage concrete can experience, including plastic, autogenous, drying, carbonation, and thermal shrinkage. It then discusses how various supplementary materials like fly ash, silica fume, slag, and limestone powder can influence the shrinkage of concrete. The addition of these materials is found to both increase and decrease shrinkage depending on the material, replacement level, curing conditions, and other factors. In general, the document finds that properly incorporating supplementary cementitious materials can help control and reduce the shrinkage of concrete over time.
The influence of superabsorbent polymer beads used as internal curing agent o...IRJET Journal
The document discusses using superabsorbent polymer beads as an internal curing agent to improve the compressive strength of mortar. Internal curing provides additional internal water to continue cement hydration and reduce shrinkage cracking. Superabsorbent polymers are effective internal curing agents as they can absorb large amounts of water during mixing and release it later. The study aims to assess the impact of superabsorbent polymer beads on the compressive strength of mortar cured under different conditions (sealed, unsealed, pond, mist). Prior research on using superabsorbent polymers in concrete has shown mixed results, with some studies finding reduced compressive strength and others finding similar or improved strength compared to mixes without polymers.
Behavior of Concrete Utilizing Recycled Aggregate – A ReviewIJERA Editor
Today’s modern era is demanding more and more infrastructure development and with the increasing demand of infrastructure, the demand and supply chain of the construction material are getting affected. With increasing pace of development, a great concern is required towards environment as well as natural resources. In this paper, behavior of concrete utilizing recycled aggregate is critically reviewed. Properties of recycled aggregate are discussed at first, followed by the properties of concrete utilizing recycled aggregate. It has been reported that recycled aggregate was found useful if the replacement level is about 30% .This type of concrete has been used in many applications. Recycled aggregate can be seen as future material which will be eco -friendly and will decrease in project cost
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Engineering Properties of Hollow Concret...IRJET Journal
The document investigates the engineering properties of hollow concrete blocks reinforced with basalt fibre. Basalt fibre is added to hollow concrete blocks in amounts of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% by volume of cement to study its effect on compressive strength. Testing shows that with increased basalt fibre content, the compressive strength and density of the hollow blocks increases while water absorption decreases, with the 1.5% fibre content blocks performing best. The aim is to reduce cracking in hollow concrete block walls through the addition of basalt fibre.
IRJET - A Review on the Effect of GGBS on Aerated Concrete Building BlocksIRJET Journal
This document provides a review of aerated concrete building blocks. It begins with an abstract that describes aerated concrete as a lightweight cement or lime mortar that contains air voids created using an aerating agent like aluminum powder. The document then reviews the classification, properties, and literature around aerated concrete blocks. It finds that aerated concrete blocks have advantages over conventional concrete blocks like reduced weight and improved insulation, but often have insufficient strength and high water absorption that can cause issues. The paper examines using ground granulated blast furnace slag to partially replace the cement in aerated concrete to address these issues.
This document discusses a study on the effect of different water retaining curing techniques on the compressive strength of M30 grade self-compacting concrete. The techniques studied are immersion curing, polyethylene film wrap curing, curing compound application, and dry curing. Testing showed that polyethylene film curing achieved 95% of the strength from immersion curing at 28 days, while curing compound achieved 92% of immersion strength. Dry curing resulted in the lowest compressive strength. The document provides details on the materials used including cement, fly ash, aggregates, superplasticizer, and polyethylene film. It also discusses the importance of curing concrete and different curing methods.
The document discusses the effect of different water retaining curing techniques on the compressive strength of M30 grade self-compacting concrete (SCC). Four curing methods are compared: immersion curing (used as the control method), polyethylene film wrap curing, curing with a compound, and dry curing. Compressive strength tests were conducted on concrete cubes at ages of 3, 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. The results found that polyethylene film curing achieved 95% of the strength from immersion curing at 28 days, while curing with a compound achieved 92% of immersion curing strength. Dry curing yielded the lowest compressive strengths. In summary, the document examines the compress
Effect of admixtures on shrinkage properties in self compacting concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
With the rapid advancement in concrete technology, demand for sustainable building materials has increased manifold in last few
decades. High strength concrete such as Self compacting concrete (SCC), also known as Self consolidated concrete, is considered
one of the finest and highly modified concrete material. SCC represents a major evolution in the building industry. The increased
use of SCC for construction and repair purposes lies in the fact that it is semi-flowable in nature and possess several advantages
such as environmental, human, technological and economical. This paper mainly focuses on the effect of various shrinkage
properties such as drying shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage and plastic shrinkage on performance of SCC. Detailed literature
review suggests that early age shrinkage in SCC has been a major setback in attaining it’s desired strength. Expansive cracking
and capillary tension are considered as two main phenomena behind shrinkage in SCC. It is found out that factors like lower
water/cement ratio or decreasing limestone filler/cement ratio leads to reduction in autogenous shrinkage. It is considered that
cracks are one of the pivotal reasons behind the poor durability of concrete as they help in entering hazardous fluids. Hence
cracks causes specific problems like plastic shrinkage. The effect of shrinkage reducing admixtures (SRA) on SCC was observed
to be positive. SRA along with paraffin based curing compounds helps in reducing cracks. It was observed from rheological tests
conducted on concrete as well as fresh SCC that, as far as drying shrinkage is concerned usage of SRA was found out to be
effective while hydrophobizing admixtures tends to be useless. Along with addition of such admixtures, limestone fines in SCC
mixes shows a reduction in autogenous shrinkage in SCC as compared to normal vibrated concrete (NVC). More importantly
results show that total shrinkage in SCC mixed with limestone filler is slightly higher (not >9.2%) than in NVC, while SCC made
with viscous Modifying Agents (VMA) shows 7.7% less shrinkage than in NVC, due to lower autogenous and drying shrinkage.
Keywords: Admixtures, Capillary Tension, Cement/Binder Ratio, Cracking, Shrinkage, Viscous Modifying Agents
SHRINKAGE PROPERTIES OF CEMENT CONCRETE INCORPORATED WITH DIFFERENT SUPPLEMEN...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the shrinkage properties of cement concrete incorporating different supplementary cementitious materials. It begins by describing the different types of shrinkage concrete can experience, including plastic, autogenous, drying, carbonation, and thermal shrinkage. It then discusses how various supplementary materials like fly ash, silica fume, slag, and limestone powder can influence the shrinkage of concrete. The addition of these materials is found to both increase and decrease shrinkage depending on the material, replacement level, curing conditions, and other factors. In general, the document finds that properly incorporating supplementary cementitious materials can help control and reduce the shrinkage of concrete over time.
The influence of superabsorbent polymer beads used as internal curing agent o...IRJET Journal
The document discusses using superabsorbent polymer beads as an internal curing agent to improve the compressive strength of mortar. Internal curing provides additional internal water to continue cement hydration and reduce shrinkage cracking. Superabsorbent polymers are effective internal curing agents as they can absorb large amounts of water during mixing and release it later. The study aims to assess the impact of superabsorbent polymer beads on the compressive strength of mortar cured under different conditions (sealed, unsealed, pond, mist). Prior research on using superabsorbent polymers in concrete has shown mixed results, with some studies finding reduced compressive strength and others finding similar or improved strength compared to mixes without polymers.
Behavior of Concrete Utilizing Recycled Aggregate – A ReviewIJERA Editor
Today’s modern era is demanding more and more infrastructure development and with the increasing demand of infrastructure, the demand and supply chain of the construction material are getting affected. With increasing pace of development, a great concern is required towards environment as well as natural resources. In this paper, behavior of concrete utilizing recycled aggregate is critically reviewed. Properties of recycled aggregate are discussed at first, followed by the properties of concrete utilizing recycled aggregate. It has been reported that recycled aggregate was found useful if the replacement level is about 30% .This type of concrete has been used in many applications. Recycled aggregate can be seen as future material which will be eco -friendly and will decrease in project cost
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Engineering Properties of Hollow Concret...IRJET Journal
The document investigates the engineering properties of hollow concrete blocks reinforced with basalt fibre. Basalt fibre is added to hollow concrete blocks in amounts of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% by volume of cement to study its effect on compressive strength. Testing shows that with increased basalt fibre content, the compressive strength and density of the hollow blocks increases while water absorption decreases, with the 1.5% fibre content blocks performing best. The aim is to reduce cracking in hollow concrete block walls through the addition of basalt fibre.
IRJET - A Review on the Effect of GGBS on Aerated Concrete Building BlocksIRJET Journal
This document provides a review of aerated concrete building blocks. It begins with an abstract that describes aerated concrete as a lightweight cement or lime mortar that contains air voids created using an aerating agent like aluminum powder. The document then reviews the classification, properties, and literature around aerated concrete blocks. It finds that aerated concrete blocks have advantages over conventional concrete blocks like reduced weight and improved insulation, but often have insufficient strength and high water absorption that can cause issues. The paper examines using ground granulated blast furnace slag to partially replace the cement in aerated concrete to address these issues.
This document discusses a study on the effect of different water retaining curing techniques on the compressive strength of M30 grade self-compacting concrete. The techniques studied are immersion curing, polyethylene film wrap curing, curing compound application, and dry curing. Testing showed that polyethylene film curing achieved 95% of the strength from immersion curing at 28 days, while curing compound achieved 92% of immersion strength. Dry curing resulted in the lowest compressive strength. The document provides details on the materials used including cement, fly ash, aggregates, superplasticizer, and polyethylene film. It also discusses the importance of curing concrete and different curing methods.
The document discusses the effect of different water retaining curing techniques on the compressive strength of M30 grade self-compacting concrete (SCC). Four curing methods are compared: immersion curing (used as the control method), polyethylene film wrap curing, curing with a compound, and dry curing. Compressive strength tests were conducted on concrete cubes at ages of 3, 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. The results found that polyethylene film curing achieved 95% of the strength from immersion curing at 28 days, while curing with a compound achieved 92% of immersion curing strength. Dry curing yielded the lowest compressive strengths. In summary, the document examines the compress
INTERNAL CURING using Different admixtures- pdfAmrata Yadav
This document summarizes different internal curing methods for concrete including using artificial aggregates, drinking water treatment waste, and porous ceramic waste aggregate. It discusses the significance of these materials as internal curing agents and their effects on properties like compressive strength, porosity, and shrinkage of concrete. The document includes details on mixture proportions, material properties, and test results showing improved performance of concrete with internal curing.
EFFECT OF PRE-SLASH SOAKED LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATES AND SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the use of internal curing agents like pre-soaked lightweight aggregates and super absorbent polymers to improve the properties of concrete. M25 concrete mixes were prepared by replacing sand with 6%, 12%, 18% vermiculite and cement with 0.245%, 0.345%, 0.445% super absorbent polymer. Cubes, beams and cylinders were cast and tested at 7, 14, 28 days to determine compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength. The results showed that internal curing improved the strength properties of concrete compared to conventionally cured concrete. Prior studies also found maximum improvement in strength at around 5% vermiculite replacement and 0.35% super absorbent
IRJET- Experimental Study on the Behaviour of Self Healing Concrete using Sil...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on the behavior of self-healing concrete using silica gel in microcapsules as a healing agent. Concrete specimens were made with 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5% dosages of silica gel by weight of cement. The specimens were initially cracked and then retested after 7 days of curing. Test results showed that specimens with 0.3% silica gel achieved the highest regain in compressive strength and split tensile strength after healing, reaching 55.34% of the original strength. The study aims to evaluate the influence of silica gel dosage on the strength properties of self-healing concrete.
IRJET - Correlation of Chloride Solution Absorption-Time in Pre-Condition...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study that investigated chloride absorption in pre-conditioned dry concrete cubes (DCC) with different mixture designs. Seventy-two 100mm concrete cubes were cast with six mixtures that varied compressive strength, water-cement ratio, and slump. Cubes were submerged in 10% NaCl solution for 160 days and weighed periodically to determine chloride absorption. Results showed chloride absorption increased over time and was lower in solvent-based and water-based impregnated cubes compared to control DCC cubes. Chloride absorption also decreased with increasing compressive strength and was correlated to time using logarithmic expressions for all cube types. The study aimed to characterize the influence of dry conditions and impregnation
Introduction of concrete
Historic development
Composition of concrete
Advantages of concrete over other materials
Advances and future trends in concrete
Overview of Sustainability and Concrete development.
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON EFFECT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF M50 GRADE...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the effect of mechanical properties of M50 grade concrete with partial replacement of sand with copper slag. The study aims to determine the optimal percentage of polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000) to be added to self-curing concrete and examines how replacing sand with copper slag in various percentages affects the compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of the concrete mixes. Experimental results from previous studies on self-curing concrete and use of copper slag in concrete are discussed. The experimental procedure and materials used including cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, PEG-4000, and copper slag are described.
This document summarizes a study on the use of glass fibers in reinforced concrete. Glass fiber reinforced concrete was produced using CEM-FILL glass fibers added at 0.33-1% by weight of concrete. Beams, cubes, and cylinders were cast and tested to determine the compressive strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity of the fiber reinforced concrete. The results showed that at 28 days the compressive strength increased by 37% and flexural strength increased by 5.19% compared to normal concrete without fibers. The addition of glass fibers was found to improve the toughness, flexural strength, ductility, and compressive strength of the concrete.
Review on Methodologies in Self Healing ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes various methodologies for developing self-healing concrete. It begins by discussing how crack formation in concrete reduces its durability and strength over time. It then reviews several approaches to impart self-healing abilities to concrete, including autogenous healing using hydration reactions, microcapsules containing healing agents, resin-filled hollow fibers, and biological approaches using bacteria or fungi. The document suggests that while bacterial approaches have been widely researched, fungal approaches have been largely overlooked and may provide longer-term healing abilities. It concludes that further exploration of fungal-mediated self-healing concrete is needed.
Variation of Sorptivity in Diverse Grades of Concrete Proportioned with Fly A...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the variation of sorptivity in different grades of concrete with additions of fly ash, wood husk ash, and rice husk ash. Sorptivity testing was performed on concrete cubes of M25, M30, and M35 mixes with different cement replacements (Type 1: 100% cement; Type 2: 90% cement + 10% fly ash; Type 3: 90% cement + 10% wood husk ash; Type 4: 90% cement + 10% rice husk ash). The study found that concrete with 10% cement replaced with wood husk ash (Type 3) had the lowest sorptivity values compared to the other mixes. In general, mixes with mineral admixt
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Segregation in Concrete
The main explanation of this report of Segregation in concrete in terms of
concrete and self-compacting. The aim was to find an analytical relation to
estimating the risk of sedimentation, using the characteristics of the particles
and those of the mortars. The prediction of surface effect segregation (i.e.
transportation of different particle size fractions during heap formation) has
been the subject of a significant level of study.
Explanation of the type of segregation in term size, dry, wet, and water separate
and effect segregation in concrete in term strength and cracks, and
Prevention of Segregation in Concrete.
I brought up an example that supports segregation in concrete which is used
in Kurdistan Region, and explaining the example in term caused segregation
the effect in concrete.
This document summarizes different methods of curing concrete and their effectiveness. It discusses that proper curing is crucial to obtaining design strength and maximum durability in concrete. Various curing methods are described, including ponding, fogging, wet coverings using burlap or impervious paper, membrane-forming compounds, internal curing using lightweight aggregates, leaving forms in place, and steam curing. Ponding and wet coverings using saturated materials are identified as most effective at maintaining moisture, while membrane compounds are more practical. The document concludes that curing method has a fundamental effect on concrete's mechanical properties and strengths. Immersion curing generally provides the best results.
This document summarizes a study on the durability of concrete mixtures containing fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) when exposed to sulfate and seawater environments. Five concrete mixtures were tested: a control concrete and concretes with 20% and 40% cement replaced by fly ash or GGBS. Cubes of each mixture were cured in water, seawater, or sulfuric acid solution for up to 60 days. Compressive strength and weight changes were measured. Results showed fly ash and GGBS concretes generally performed better than the control in seawater and acid exposures. Specifically, the 20% GGBS and 20% fly ash replacements showed the best durability
Review on Study of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Containing Silica Fume as Part...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes previous research on recycled aggregate concrete containing silica fume as a partial cement replacement. It discusses studies that investigated how replacing natural aggregates with recycled concrete aggregates at different percentages (0-50%) impacted the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The results showed that replacing up to 30% of natural aggregates with recycled aggregates can achieve similar strength as conventional concrete, but strength decreases when replacement exceeds 30%. Adding silica fume was found to improve properties such as compressive strength and permeability. The optimal replacement rate of recycled aggregates was determined to be 30%.
This document provides an introduction and overview of concrete. It defines concrete as a construction material made by mixing cement, water, aggregates and sometimes admixtures. The cement and water form a paste that hardens and binds the aggregates together. The document discusses the historic development of concrete, its composition including cement, water, aggregates and admixtures. It also outlines some advantages and future trends of concrete including making it more sustainable through using industrial waste to replace materials and developing low carbon emission binders.
Influence of Flyash on Fineness, Porosity and Permeability of Flyash Blended ...IRJET Journal
This document investigates the effects of fly ash fineness on the porosity and permeability of cement pastes. Fly ash was used to replace cement at levels from 10-50% by weight. Test results showed that fly ash mixtures had lower porosity and permeability than plain cement pastes due to the pozzolanic reaction of fly ash and its finer particle size distribution. Specifically, permeability decreased with higher fly ash replacement levels and fineness. The document concludes that reductions in porosity and permeability are caused by a combination of particle packing, pozzolanic reactions, and cement hydration.
IRJET- Behaviour of Mineral Admixture on Strength and Durability of ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses the effects of mineral admixtures on the strength and durability of high performance concrete (HPC). Two HPC mixes were designed - a control mix without admixtures and a mix replacing 15% cement with fly ash and 10% with silica fume. Testing found the admixture mix achieved higher 7-day and 28-day compressive strengths than the control. Durability testing also indicated the admixture mix had better resistance to chloride and sulfate attack over 180 days. The improved performance is attributed to the pozzolanic reactions of fly ash and silica fume creating a denser microstructure in the concrete.
A Study On Self-Curing And Self-Compacting Concrete using Polyethylene GlycolIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on self-curing and self-compacting concrete using polyethylene glycol (PEG). The study aims to utilize the benefits of both self-curing and self-compacting concrete by adding PEG as a self-curing agent. Two mixes with different water-to-cement ratios were tested with PEG dosages ranging from 0.1% to 1% by weight of cement. Workability, water retention, and compressive strength were evaluated and compared between self-cured and traditionally cured self-compacting concrete. The results showed that self-cured concrete can achieve comparable compressive strength to traditionally cured concrete at lower water-to-cement ratios but not at higher ratios
Evaluation of Saturated Conditioned Concrete Cubes by Initial Surface Absorpt...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on evaluating saturated concrete cubes using an Initial Surface Absorption Test (ISAT). Seventy-two concrete cubes with different mixture proportions were prepared and tested. The objectives were to examine how ISAT values are influenced by conditioning, time, water-cement ratio, and concrete grade. ISAT was performed on saturated conditioned cubes to characterize near-surface absorption for different mixtures. Results showed ISAT values increased at initial time points for lower strength mixtures, and decreased over time. Charts were developed to provide a better assessment of normal strength concrete permeability using ISAT.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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INTERNAL CURING using Different admixtures- pdfAmrata Yadav
This document summarizes different internal curing methods for concrete including using artificial aggregates, drinking water treatment waste, and porous ceramic waste aggregate. It discusses the significance of these materials as internal curing agents and their effects on properties like compressive strength, porosity, and shrinkage of concrete. The document includes details on mixture proportions, material properties, and test results showing improved performance of concrete with internal curing.
EFFECT OF PRE-SLASH SOAKED LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATES AND SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the use of internal curing agents like pre-soaked lightweight aggregates and super absorbent polymers to improve the properties of concrete. M25 concrete mixes were prepared by replacing sand with 6%, 12%, 18% vermiculite and cement with 0.245%, 0.345%, 0.445% super absorbent polymer. Cubes, beams and cylinders were cast and tested at 7, 14, 28 days to determine compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength. The results showed that internal curing improved the strength properties of concrete compared to conventionally cured concrete. Prior studies also found maximum improvement in strength at around 5% vermiculite replacement and 0.35% super absorbent
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This document presents an experimental study on the behavior of self-healing concrete using silica gel in microcapsules as a healing agent. Concrete specimens were made with 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5% dosages of silica gel by weight of cement. The specimens were initially cracked and then retested after 7 days of curing. Test results showed that specimens with 0.3% silica gel achieved the highest regain in compressive strength and split tensile strength after healing, reaching 55.34% of the original strength. The study aims to evaluate the influence of silica gel dosage on the strength properties of self-healing concrete.
IRJET - Correlation of Chloride Solution Absorption-Time in Pre-Condition...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study that investigated chloride absorption in pre-conditioned dry concrete cubes (DCC) with different mixture designs. Seventy-two 100mm concrete cubes were cast with six mixtures that varied compressive strength, water-cement ratio, and slump. Cubes were submerged in 10% NaCl solution for 160 days and weighed periodically to determine chloride absorption. Results showed chloride absorption increased over time and was lower in solvent-based and water-based impregnated cubes compared to control DCC cubes. Chloride absorption also decreased with increasing compressive strength and was correlated to time using logarithmic expressions for all cube types. The study aimed to characterize the influence of dry conditions and impregnation
Introduction of concrete
Historic development
Composition of concrete
Advantages of concrete over other materials
Advances and future trends in concrete
Overview of Sustainability and Concrete development.
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON EFFECT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF M50 GRADE...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the effect of mechanical properties of M50 grade concrete with partial replacement of sand with copper slag. The study aims to determine the optimal percentage of polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000) to be added to self-curing concrete and examines how replacing sand with copper slag in various percentages affects the compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of the concrete mixes. Experimental results from previous studies on self-curing concrete and use of copper slag in concrete are discussed. The experimental procedure and materials used including cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, PEG-4000, and copper slag are described.
This document summarizes a study on the use of glass fibers in reinforced concrete. Glass fiber reinforced concrete was produced using CEM-FILL glass fibers added at 0.33-1% by weight of concrete. Beams, cubes, and cylinders were cast and tested to determine the compressive strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity of the fiber reinforced concrete. The results showed that at 28 days the compressive strength increased by 37% and flexural strength increased by 5.19% compared to normal concrete without fibers. The addition of glass fibers was found to improve the toughness, flexural strength, ductility, and compressive strength of the concrete.
Review on Methodologies in Self Healing ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes various methodologies for developing self-healing concrete. It begins by discussing how crack formation in concrete reduces its durability and strength over time. It then reviews several approaches to impart self-healing abilities to concrete, including autogenous healing using hydration reactions, microcapsules containing healing agents, resin-filled hollow fibers, and biological approaches using bacteria or fungi. The document suggests that while bacterial approaches have been widely researched, fungal approaches have been largely overlooked and may provide longer-term healing abilities. It concludes that further exploration of fungal-mediated self-healing concrete is needed.
Variation of Sorptivity in Diverse Grades of Concrete Proportioned with Fly A...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the variation of sorptivity in different grades of concrete with additions of fly ash, wood husk ash, and rice husk ash. Sorptivity testing was performed on concrete cubes of M25, M30, and M35 mixes with different cement replacements (Type 1: 100% cement; Type 2: 90% cement + 10% fly ash; Type 3: 90% cement + 10% wood husk ash; Type 4: 90% cement + 10% rice husk ash). The study found that concrete with 10% cement replaced with wood husk ash (Type 3) had the lowest sorptivity values compared to the other mixes. In general, mixes with mineral admixt
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Segregation in Concrete
The main explanation of this report of Segregation in concrete in terms of
concrete and self-compacting. The aim was to find an analytical relation to
estimating the risk of sedimentation, using the characteristics of the particles
and those of the mortars. The prediction of surface effect segregation (i.e.
transportation of different particle size fractions during heap formation) has
been the subject of a significant level of study.
Explanation of the type of segregation in term size, dry, wet, and water separate
and effect segregation in concrete in term strength and cracks, and
Prevention of Segregation in Concrete.
I brought up an example that supports segregation in concrete which is used
in Kurdistan Region, and explaining the example in term caused segregation
the effect in concrete.
This document summarizes different methods of curing concrete and their effectiveness. It discusses that proper curing is crucial to obtaining design strength and maximum durability in concrete. Various curing methods are described, including ponding, fogging, wet coverings using burlap or impervious paper, membrane-forming compounds, internal curing using lightweight aggregates, leaving forms in place, and steam curing. Ponding and wet coverings using saturated materials are identified as most effective at maintaining moisture, while membrane compounds are more practical. The document concludes that curing method has a fundamental effect on concrete's mechanical properties and strengths. Immersion curing generally provides the best results.
This document summarizes a study on the durability of concrete mixtures containing fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) when exposed to sulfate and seawater environments. Five concrete mixtures were tested: a control concrete and concretes with 20% and 40% cement replaced by fly ash or GGBS. Cubes of each mixture were cured in water, seawater, or sulfuric acid solution for up to 60 days. Compressive strength and weight changes were measured. Results showed fly ash and GGBS concretes generally performed better than the control in seawater and acid exposures. Specifically, the 20% GGBS and 20% fly ash replacements showed the best durability
Review on Study of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Containing Silica Fume as Part...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes previous research on recycled aggregate concrete containing silica fume as a partial cement replacement. It discusses studies that investigated how replacing natural aggregates with recycled concrete aggregates at different percentages (0-50%) impacted the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The results showed that replacing up to 30% of natural aggregates with recycled aggregates can achieve similar strength as conventional concrete, but strength decreases when replacement exceeds 30%. Adding silica fume was found to improve properties such as compressive strength and permeability. The optimal replacement rate of recycled aggregates was determined to be 30%.
This document provides an introduction and overview of concrete. It defines concrete as a construction material made by mixing cement, water, aggregates and sometimes admixtures. The cement and water form a paste that hardens and binds the aggregates together. The document discusses the historic development of concrete, its composition including cement, water, aggregates and admixtures. It also outlines some advantages and future trends of concrete including making it more sustainable through using industrial waste to replace materials and developing low carbon emission binders.
Influence of Flyash on Fineness, Porosity and Permeability of Flyash Blended ...IRJET Journal
This document investigates the effects of fly ash fineness on the porosity and permeability of cement pastes. Fly ash was used to replace cement at levels from 10-50% by weight. Test results showed that fly ash mixtures had lower porosity and permeability than plain cement pastes due to the pozzolanic reaction of fly ash and its finer particle size distribution. Specifically, permeability decreased with higher fly ash replacement levels and fineness. The document concludes that reductions in porosity and permeability are caused by a combination of particle packing, pozzolanic reactions, and cement hydration.
IRJET- Behaviour of Mineral Admixture on Strength and Durability of ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document discusses the effects of mineral admixtures on the strength and durability of high performance concrete (HPC). Two HPC mixes were designed - a control mix without admixtures and a mix replacing 15% cement with fly ash and 10% with silica fume. Testing found the admixture mix achieved higher 7-day and 28-day compressive strengths than the control. Durability testing also indicated the admixture mix had better resistance to chloride and sulfate attack over 180 days. The improved performance is attributed to the pozzolanic reactions of fly ash and silica fume creating a denser microstructure in the concrete.
A Study On Self-Curing And Self-Compacting Concrete using Polyethylene GlycolIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on self-curing and self-compacting concrete using polyethylene glycol (PEG). The study aims to utilize the benefits of both self-curing and self-compacting concrete by adding PEG as a self-curing agent. Two mixes with different water-to-cement ratios were tested with PEG dosages ranging from 0.1% to 1% by weight of cement. Workability, water retention, and compressive strength were evaluated and compared between self-cured and traditionally cured self-compacting concrete. The results showed that self-cured concrete can achieve comparable compressive strength to traditionally cured concrete at lower water-to-cement ratios but not at higher ratios
Evaluation of Saturated Conditioned Concrete Cubes by Initial Surface Absorpt...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on evaluating saturated concrete cubes using an Initial Surface Absorption Test (ISAT). Seventy-two concrete cubes with different mixture proportions were prepared and tested. The objectives were to examine how ISAT values are influenced by conditioning, time, water-cement ratio, and concrete grade. ISAT was performed on saturated conditioned cubes to characterize near-surface absorption for different mixtures. Results showed ISAT values increased at initial time points for lower strength mixtures, and decreased over time. Charts were developed to provide a better assessment of normal strength concrete permeability using ISAT.
Similar to Shrinkage Characterization of Cement Concrete with Various Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Fibers-A Review (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.