Shoulder dislocation
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This document discusses shoulder dislocations, including the types, risk factors, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment methods. It notes that anterior dislocation is the most common type at over 95% of cases. Reduction techniques discussed include traction counter-traction, Kocher's technique, Simpson method, and Milch technique. Complications can include nerve or blood vessel injury, recurrence, or fracture. Surgery may be needed for inferior, posterior, or recurrent dislocations, or those with associated fractures.
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Shoulder Instability
This document discusses shoulder instability, including definitions, anatomy, evaluation, and treatment. It defines instability as the inability to maintain the humeral head in the glenoid fossa, ranging from dislocation to laxity. Static stabilizers include the labrum and ligaments, while dynamic stabilizers are the rotator cuff and scapulothoracic muscles. Evaluation involves history, exam, and imaging to classify instability by direction, degree, and etiology. Treatment depends on classification but may include immobilization, rehabilitation, or surgical repair of labral tears or bone defects.
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Ankle injury
The ankle is a three bone joint composed of the tibia, fibula, and talus. The talus articulates superiorly with the tibial plafond and posteriorly and medially with the posterior and medial malleoli. Laterally, it articulates with the fibular malleolus. The ankle joint is saddle-shaped and wider anteriorly than posteriorly. During dorsiflexion, the fibula rotates externally through the tibiofibular syndesmosis to accommodate the widened anterior surface of the talar dome. Displacement of the talus within the ankle mortise by only 1 mm decreases the contact area by 42%.
Shoulder dislocation
The document discusses shoulder dislocation, including the anatomy of the shoulder joint, causes of dislocation, signs and symptoms, types of dislocation, treatment options like closed reduction and surgery, rehabilitation, and complications. The most common type of dislocation is anterior dislocation, which can occur due to falls or impacts and results in the humeral head moving out of the glenoid socket in the front of the shoulder. Treatment depends on the severity of the dislocation and any associated injuries.
Shoulder dislocation
Shoulder dislocations have been documented as far back as ancient Egypt. The most common type is anterior dislocation, which accounts for 60% of cases. Reduction techniques described include external rotation, scapular manipulation, Milch, Stimson, traction-countertraction, and Spaso. Post-reduction, most patients are immobilized for 3 weeks if under 30 or begin mobilization after 1 week if over 30. Recurrent dislocation is a major complication, seen in 50-90% of patients under 20.
Shoulder dislocation
This document provides information on shoulder joint dislocations, including definition, types, mechanism of injury, clinical presentation, complications, diagnosis, and treatment. It defines a shoulder dislocation as the humeral head coming out of the glenoid cavity. The most common type is an anterior dislocation caused by falling on an outstretched arm. Diagnosis involves examination finding like a flattened shoulder contour and positive tests like Dugas test. Treatment involves closed reduction using maneuvers like Kocher's or Hippocrates and immobilization.
Superior Shoulder Suspensory Complex injuries (SSSC)
This document discusses zonal CME conducted at GSLMC on the superior shoulder suspensory complex (SSSC). It defines the SSSC as a bony and soft tissue ring structure that maintains the stable relationship between the scapula and axial skeleton. Injuries to two structures in the SSSC can cause instability known as the "floating shoulder". Treatment depends on the amount of displacement, with conservative management used for displacements under 5mm and no caudal displacement of the glenoid. Surgical stabilization is recommended for larger displacements or malalignment.
Shoulder dislocation
- Shoulder dislocations are commonly caused by trauma that places the shoulder in positions of extreme range of motion. Anterior dislocations are the most common type.
- The shoulder joint is inherently unstable due to its anatomy, relying on both passive structures like the labrum and ligaments as well as active stabilizers like muscles.
- Clinical evaluation and radiographs are used to diagnose the type of dislocation and assess for complications like fractures.
- Treatment involves closed reduction for most acute dislocations. Recurrent or complicated dislocations may require surgery and immobilization followed by physical therapy.
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This document discusses shoulder instability, including definitions, anatomy, evaluation, and treatment. It defines instability as the inability to maintain the humeral head in the glenoid fossa, ranging from dislocation to laxity. Static stabilizers include the labrum and ligaments, while dynamic stabilizers are the rotator cuff and scapulothoracic muscles. Evaluation involves history, exam, and imaging to classify instability by direction, degree, and etiology. Treatment depends on classification but may include immobilization, rehabilitation, or surgical repair of labral tears or bone defects.
Floating Knee
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Ankle injury
The ankle is a three bone joint composed of the tibia, fibula, and talus. The talus articulates superiorly with the tibial plafond and posteriorly and medially with the posterior and medial malleoli. Laterally, it articulates with the fibular malleolus. The ankle joint is saddle-shaped and wider anteriorly than posteriorly. During dorsiflexion, the fibula rotates externally through the tibiofibular syndesmosis to accommodate the widened anterior surface of the talar dome. Displacement of the talus within the ankle mortise by only 1 mm decreases the contact area by 42%.
Shoulder dislocation
The document discusses shoulder dislocation, including the anatomy of the shoulder joint, causes of dislocation, signs and symptoms, types of dislocation, treatment options like closed reduction and surgery, rehabilitation, and complications. The most common type of dislocation is anterior dislocation, which can occur due to falls or impacts and results in the humeral head moving out of the glenoid socket in the front of the shoulder. Treatment depends on the severity of the dislocation and any associated injuries.
Shoulder dislocation
Shoulder dislocations have been documented as far back as ancient Egypt. The most common type is anterior dislocation, which accounts for 60% of cases. Reduction techniques described include external rotation, scapular manipulation, Milch, Stimson, traction-countertraction, and Spaso. Post-reduction, most patients are immobilized for 3 weeks if under 30 or begin mobilization after 1 week if over 30. Recurrent dislocation is a major complication, seen in 50-90% of patients under 20.
Shoulder dislocation
This document provides information on shoulder joint dislocations, including definition, types, mechanism of injury, clinical presentation, complications, diagnosis, and treatment. It defines a shoulder dislocation as the humeral head coming out of the glenoid cavity. The most common type is an anterior dislocation caused by falling on an outstretched arm. Diagnosis involves examination finding like a flattened shoulder contour and positive tests like Dugas test. Treatment involves closed reduction using maneuvers like Kocher's or Hippocrates and immobilization.
Superior Shoulder Suspensory Complex injuries (SSSC)
This document discusses zonal CME conducted at GSLMC on the superior shoulder suspensory complex (SSSC). It defines the SSSC as a bony and soft tissue ring structure that maintains the stable relationship between the scapula and axial skeleton. Injuries to two structures in the SSSC can cause instability known as the "floating shoulder". Treatment depends on the amount of displacement, with conservative management used for displacements under 5mm and no caudal displacement of the glenoid. Surgical stabilization is recommended for larger displacements or malalignment.
Shoulder dislocation
- Shoulder dislocations are commonly caused by trauma that places the shoulder in positions of extreme range of motion. Anterior dislocations are the most common type.
- The shoulder joint is inherently unstable due to its anatomy, relying on both passive structures like the labrum and ligaments as well as active stabilizers like muscles.
- Clinical evaluation and radiographs are used to diagnose the type of dislocation and assess for complications like fractures.
- Treatment involves closed reduction for most acute dislocations. Recurrent or complicated dislocations may require surgery and immobilization followed by physical therapy.
Rotator cuff injuries
This document discusses the anatomy, biomechanics, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of rotator cuff tears. It begins by introducing the rotator cuff muscles and their function in stabilizing the shoulder joint. Common causes of tears include impingement, trauma, aging, and ischemia. Symptoms include shoulder pain that is worsened with overhead activities. Diagnosis involves physical exam maneuvers like the Neer's and Hawkins tests as well as imaging like x-rays, ultrasound, CT, or MRI. Treatment ranges from rest, physical therapy, and injections for mild cases to surgical repair for larger or chronic tears if conservative measures fail.
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The document discusses the anatomy and biomechanics of the ankle joint. It describes the ankle joint as a three bone joint composed of the tibia, fibula, and talus. It notes that the talus articulates superiorly with the tibial plafond and posteriorly with the posterior malleolus of the tibia. The lateral articulation is with the malleolus of the fibula. The joint is saddle-shaped and wider anteriorly to accommodate dorsiflexion. Disruption of the ankle mortise can decrease contact area by 42%.
Shoulder dislocation: Types and Management Methods of Reduction
Shoulder dislocations have been depicted in Egyptian tomb art from 3000 BC. There are different types of shoulder dislocations including anterior, posterior, and inferior. Anterior dislocations are the most common. Clinical signs include pain, inability to contour the shoulder, and an anterior bulge. Radiographs can confirm and classify the dislocation. Reduction maneuvers include traction-countertraction, Hippocrates, Kocher, and scapular manipulation methods. Post-reduction, patients are immobilized and followed up to prevent recurrent dislocations, which occur in 50-90% of young patients.
supracondylar fracture humerus in children
Supracondylar fractures of the humerus are the most common elbow injuries in children, making up approximately 60% of cases. They typically occur as a result of a fall onto an outstretched hand in children aged 5-7 years old. Radiographs are used to classify fractures as non-displaced (Type I), displaced with an intact posterior cortex (Type II), or completely displaced (Type III). Posteromedial displacement is more common than posterolateral. Physical examination focuses on evaluating neurovascular status and detecting any S-shaped deformity, with nerve injuries occurring in up to 16% of cases.
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Hip dislocation
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ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT INJURY
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- It most commonly affects obese adolescent boys and girls during periods of rapid growth.
- Clinical features include pain in the groin or knee and limited range of motion of the hip.
- Treatment involves closed or open reduction and internal fixation using pins or screws to stabilize the slip.
- The goals of treatment are to prevent further slippage and allow healing to occur without complications like avascular necrosis.
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Knee dislocations involve injuries to the ligaments that stabilize the knee joint. The ligaments include the joint capsule, collateral ligaments, and quadriceps tendon. Knee dislocations can occur due to high-energy trauma like car accidents or falls. Classification systems categorize dislocations as anterior, posterior, medial, or lateral. Associated injuries may involve blood vessels or nerves. Treatment depends on the severity of the injury and stability of the knee. Options include closed reduction, splinting, surgery to repair torn ligaments, or reconstructing ligaments with grafts. The goals are to stabilize the knee and allow early rehabilitation.
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Shoulder dislocation occurs when the head of the humerus separates from the glenoid cavity of the scapula. The shoulder is a ball and socket joint stabilized by muscles like the rotator cuff. Anterior dislocation is most common, comprising over 95% of cases. Risk factors include age, previous trauma, and high-risk activities. Clinical signs include loss of normal contour, severe pain, and inability to touch the opposite shoulder. Reduction techniques use traction and manipulation to relocate the humeral head. Complications can include nerve damage, bleeding, recurrence, and fractures.
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- Treatment involves closed or open reduction and internal fixation using pins or screws to stabilize the slip.
- The goals of treatment are to prevent further slippage and allow healing to occur without complications like avascular necrosis.
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Carpal instability
1. The scaphoid acts as a connecting rod between the proximal and distal carpal rows and is stabilized by the scapholunate and lunotriquetral ligaments. Injury to these ligaments can lead to carpal instability.
2. Common types of carpal instability include dorsal intercalated segmental instability (DISI) and volar intercalated segmental instability (VISI) caused by scapholunate and lunotriquetral ligament injuries respectively.
3. Treatment depends on the chronicity, degree of instability, and presence of arthritis. Options include ligament repair/reconstruction, capsulodesis, intercarpal fusion, and proximal row car
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Shoulder dislocation: Types and Management Methods of Reduction
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SHOULDER DISLOCTION FOR HOMOEOPATHIC (SURGERY)
Shoulder dislocation occurs when the head of the humerus separates from the glenoid cavity of the scapula. The shoulder is a ball and socket joint stabilized by muscles like the rotator cuff. Anterior dislocation is most common, comprising over 95% of cases. Risk factors include age, previous trauma, and high-risk activities. Clinical signs include loss of normal contour, severe pain, and inability to touch the opposite shoulder. Reduction techniques use traction and manipulation to relocate the humeral head. Complications can include nerve damage, bleeding, recurrence, and fractures.
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This document discusses the anatomy and clinical assessment of the rotator cuff. It describes the four muscles that make up the rotator cuff, their innervation and attachments. Common rotator cuff injuries like impingement syndrome and ruptures are explained. The physical exam involves assessing range of motion and performing special tests like Neer's, Hawkins-Kennedy, and lift-off to identify injuries.
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This document discusses the anatomy and common pathologies of the shoulder joint. It begins by describing the three joints that make up the shoulder: the glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, and sternoclavicular joints. It then discusses common shoulder injuries like anterior dislocation, rotator cuff tears, and adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder). For each condition, it covers clinical presentation, investigations, and management approaches including conservative treatments like physiotherapy and surgical interventions.
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This document provides an overview of recurrent shoulder dislocations. It discusses the anatomy of the shoulder joint and its stabilizers. The glenohumeral ligaments, labrum, rotator cuff muscles, and negative intra-articular pressure provide static stability, while dynamic stability comes from the rotator cuff and scapulo-thoracic motion. Younger age, returning to collision sports, and bone defects increase risk of recurrence. Evaluation involves assessing range of motion, translation, and special tests like the anterior drawer and sulcus sign. History and physical exam help determine treatment which may include rehabilitation or surgery to address labral tears or bone loss.
Shoulder
The document provides information on evaluating and treating shoulder joint issues. It describes functional activities and ranges of motion to assess, specific tests for examining the shoulder joint, nerves, and identifying conditions like impingement, instability, and hypomobility. Management approaches are outlined including protection phases using modalities and range of motion, controlled motion phases adding isometrics and manual therapy, and return to function phases with strengthening exercises and functional training.
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This document discusses the anatomy, biomechanics, classification, diagnosis and treatment of shoulder instability. It begins with an overview of the normal shoulder anatomy including the glenoid, labrum, joint capsule, glenohumeral ligaments and muscles. It then covers types of shoulder instability, factors that influence recurrence, physical exam tests and classification systems. Treatment options discussed for anterior instability include modified Bankart repair and Latarjet procedure. Posterior instability is also reviewed.
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Shoulder impingement syndrome is caused by compression of the rotator cuff tendons beneath the acromion. It has 3 stages and can be treated initially with rest, physical therapy including stretching and strengthening, and corticosteroid injections. For persistent cases, surgery such as acromioplasty may be considered to repair tears and enlarge the subacromial space. Physical therapy aims to reduce pain and inflammation, improve range of motion, normalize muscle strength, and enhance proprioception.
Seminar clinical anatomy of upper limb joints and muscles
This is not all, there are many more clinical anatomy in terms of condition such as Popeye Deformity with are not included here and Special Test such as Neer's Impingement and Hawkins Kennedy etc... with touches on the upper limb muscles and joints. Also not forgotten Long tendon test and so forth. In general, this is just a simplified slides. Tq
Joint dislocations for medical student
This document describes a case of acute anterior shoulder dislocation in a young Thai male patient. On physical exam, the patient had pain and limited range of motion in his right shoulder. Tests like Dugar's sign and Ruler's sign were positive, confirming shoulder dislocation. An x-ray showed dislocation of the humeral head. The patient was given pain medication and his shoulder was reduced manually. His shoulder was then immobilized for 3 weeks to prevent redislocation.
Shoulder anatomy and examination
The document provides information on shoulder anatomy and tests. It describes the shoulder joint as a ball-and-socket joint formed by the head of the humerus and glenoid cavity. It details the ligaments, bones, muscles, nerves and vascular supply related to the shoulder. The document also describes various clinical tests used to evaluate the rotator cuff, acromioclavicular joint, biceps tendon and shoulder instability. These include Neer's impingement test, Hawkins-Kennedy test, empty can test and tests for the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis and other muscles.
2. shoulder joint & its applied anatomy 07[1]
The shoulder joint is a synovial ball-and-socket joint between the head of the humerus bone and the shallow glenoid cavity of the scapula. It has a thin, lax capsule strengthened by rotator cuff muscles and ligaments. The joint allows wide range of movement including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial and lateral rotation, and circumduction. It is prone to dislocations, especially anterior dislocations, due to its anatomy. Recurrent dislocations often require surgical repair to reattach the capsular ligaments.
Distal humerus fracture in pediatrics by dr ashutosh
This document provides information on distal humerus fractures in children. It discusses:
- The anatomy of the elbow including blood supply and ossification centers.
- Types of distal humerus fractures including flexion, extension, and classification systems.
- Signs and symptoms of distal humerus fractures in children.
- Initial management including splinting and criteria for closed versus open reduction.
- Techniques for closed reduction and percutaneous pin fixation of displaced fractures.
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Seminar clinical anatomy of upper limb joints and muscles
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Distal humerus fracture in pediatrics by dr ashutosh
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Adrenal insufficiency can occur when the adrenal glands or pituitary gland fail to produce adequate hormones. Symptoms include weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, and low blood pressure. Laboratory findings may include hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Treatment involves lifelong hormone replacement therapy with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. Unexplained hypotension resistant to fluids and pressors should raise suspicion for adrenal crisis, which requires stress-dose glucocorticoid treatment in the ICU.
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Shoulder dislocation
- 1. DR ASHMAL JR,EMERGENCY MEDICINE GMC KANNUR
- 2. BALL AND SOCKET JOINT 3 JOINT -Glenohumeral -Acromioclavicular -Sternoclavicular -Very mobile but also very unstable Stabilized by rotator cuff infraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres minor subscapularis
- 5. Shoulder dislocation is when head of humerus seperates from the scapula at the gleno humeral joint . TYPES OF DISLOCATION Anterior >95% -sub coracoid (m/c) -sub glenoid -sub clavicular - intra thoracic(L/C) Posterior <2% ,- young, seizure Inferior <1% (luxio erecta) Superior (very rare)
- 7. RISK FACTORS Age – Bimodal Congenital Activity-95% due to trauma Previous dislocation /trauma PREVENTION Protection of shoulder joint Build up muscle Avoid High risk activity
- 8. HISTORY History is crucial - Mechanism of Injury - Postion of arm at time of injury -Anterior- Arm abducted and externally rotated -posterior-Arm adducted and internally rotated - Inferior -Arm fully abducted and elbow oflen flexed on or behind head
- 9. CLINICAL SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS -LOSS OF NORMAL CONTOUR SEVERER SHOULDER PAIN RANGE OF MOVT DECREASED PALPABLE HUMERAL HEAD NOT ABLE TO TOUCH OPPOSITE SHOULDER APPREHENSION TEST The examiner places arm shoulder in 90 degree of shoulder flexion with elbow flexed to to 90 degree and then internally rotates the arm.positive when patient experience pain with internal rotation
- 11. XRAY -Shoulder AP view -Scapular Y view -Axillary view MRI Tendon and ligament injury
- 18. REDUCTION TRACTOIN COUNTER TRACTION KOCHERS TECHNIQUE SIMPSON METHOD HIPPOCRATES METHOD CUNNINGHAM TECHNIQUE MILCHE TECHNIQUE
- 19. procedural sedation Intra-articular injection of 10 to 20 mL of 1% lidocaine (10 mL provides a total dose of 100 milligrams of lidocaine). Perform neurovascular examination before and after reduction.
- 21. The patient is supine with the arm abducted and elbowflexed at 90 degrees. A sheet is tied and placed across the thorax of thepatient and then around the waist of the assistant. Another sheet is tied and placed around the forearm of the patient at the elbow and the waist of physician and give traction
- 22. Place the patient prone with the dislocated extsremity hanging over theside of the stretcher and a 10-lb weight attached to the wrist. Complete muscle relaxation is required. Reductionoccurs in 20 to 30 minutes.
- 24. The patient is positioned with weights in the same manner as the Stimson technique . After adequate sedation, the physicianpushes the tip of the scapula medially using the thumbs, while stabilizingthe superior aspect with the cephalad hand.
- 25. combination of humerus and scapular positioning and specific massage of a spasming biceps muscle
- 26. The maneuvers for the Milch technique are external rotation, arm abduction to 180 degrees with simultaneous pressure on the humeral head, and in-line longitudinal traction with continued pressure
- 27. NERVE-AXILLARY VESSEL- AXILLARY RECURRENCE LIGAMENT INJURY ASSOCIATED FRACTURE - NECK OF HUMERUS - TUBEROSITY - HILLSACH - BANKART
- 31. TYPES - subacromial,subglenoid, or subspinous prominence of the posterior shoulder and anterior flattening of the normal shoulder contour
- 38. Inferior or posterior dislocation Fracture+ anterior dislocation not amenable to reduction Recurrent dislocation