B.Pharmacy 3 yr cosmetics

1. Hair Shampoos
M.Swetha

2. • Shampoos are the semi solid preparations whose primary function is to
cleanse the hair.
• General Composition
• Detergents
• Opacifying agent
• Clarifying agents
• Sequestering agents
• Conditioners agents
• Thickening agent
• Foam boosters
• Activators
• Preservatives
• Special additives

3. Detergents
• Surfactants
• Anionic Surfactants—
• They carry the negative charge when ionised.
• Very good foaming.
• Excellent cleansing
• Less expensive
• Major disadvantages is they can be harsh and irritating on scalp
• Alkaline Soaps—SLS .
• Alkyl sulphates
• Ammonium lauryl sulphate gives good foaming and solubility than sodium
salts.
• Sulpho succinates

4. Detergents
• Non-ionic Surfactants- no charge
• They are good cleansing agents but alone it can’t produce good foam
,so it is mixed with SLS to get good characters
• Fatty alkanol amides such as a mono ethanol amide's and isopropanol
amide .
• Sorbitol esters :
• poly ethylene Sorbitol monoesters(TWEENS) –tween 20 and 80 are
widely used.

5. • cationic Surfactants-positive charge
• They do not have very good cleansing and foaming properties.
• They should not be used at high concentration .
• Irritating to eyes but safe in small amonuts.
• Alkyl trimethyl ammonium salts
• Cetyl pyridinium salt
• Amphoteric Surfactants- negative & positive
• Mild shampoos –baby
• Stearic acid ,glycol mono sterates.

6. Opacifying agent
• Opaque and pearly look.
• Stearic acid ,glycol mono and di stearates.
Clarifying agents -it improve the solubility
• Ex: alcohols –Ethanol, iso propanol and PG.
Sequestering agents – form complex with hard water .
• EX: EDTA
Conditioners agents –manageable
• Ex : cetyl alcohol, lanolin , mineral oil.
• Thickening agent
• Increase viscosity
• Methyl cellulose ,cabopol 934 &941

7. • Foam boosters – improve foaming charecter
• Guar gum , Xanthum gum.
• Activators
Preservatives : Ex :methyl paraben
Special additives
odour ,colour , perfume
FDA approved dyes are accetable

8. Types of shampoos
• Clear liquid shampoo :
Tri Ethanolamine lauryl sulphates 30%-40%
Coconut monoethanolamide -2%
perfume q.s
Colour q.s
Water upto 100%
Cream shampoo
SLS
Coconut diethanolamide
Magnesium stearate
PEG
Lanolin
perfume q.s

9. • Gel shampoo
• SLS -20%
• Coconut monoethanolamide- 1%
• Propylene Glycol monostearate 2%
• Stearic acid -5%
• Sodium Hydroxide 0.75%
• Water q.s
• Powder shampoo dry shampoo
• SLS -25% Rice starch 30%
• Sodium bicarbonate 15% Boric Acid 5%
• Sodium sulphate -60% silica 20%
Talc 20%
perfume q.s

10. Thank you
• REFERENCES
Text book of INDUSTRIAL Pharmacy By Shobha Rani