Sever, Z. 2017. The invertebrate fauna on the forest floor of Semuliki rain forest's center. Progress report, submitted to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA, April 2017. 15 pp.
This document summarizes a study on the breeding ecology of two bird species - the spotted dove and red-vented bulbul - in Mohnyin Degree College, Myanmar from March to July 2015. Six nests were observed in total, with three nests for each species. For spotted doves, two eggs were found in each of the three nests. For red-vented bulbuls, one nest contained three eggs while the other two nests contained two eggs each. Incubation was performed by both parents for both species. Out of the 13 total eggs observed, 6 eggs hatched successfully. The breeding success rate was higher for spotted doves at 66.67% compared to 28.57% for
Sever-report-forest floor of the Semuliki rain forest-april 2015Zvi Sever
A researcher sampled invertebrate fauna on the forest floor of Semuliki National Park in Uganda over three days during the rainy season. A total of 130 specimens from 23 species were found, including insects, spiders, snails, worms, and crabs. More individuals and species were found in the soil layer compared to the leaf layer. Additional sampling may reveal more species. Maps and temperature data from sampling sites are provided in an appendix.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes a study that used leaf epidermal analysis to identify 10 sterile species of the genus Strychnos collected from the Oban Forest in Nigeria. The researchers examined 36 morphological and anatomical characters of the leaf epidermis. Principal component analysis revealed that epidermal cell number, length, width, trichome number, stomata number and indices were the major distinguishing features. Cluster analysis grouped the species into 3 clusters corresponding to sections within the Strychnos genus. Leaf epidermal analysis proved useful for identifying these sterile species and delimiting populations, which has implications for their use in herbal medicine and conservation efforts.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes a study on the movement patterns and home range sizes of Rothschild's giraffes translocated to Ruma National Park in Kenya. 30 individual giraffes (17 males and 13 females) were identified and observed over 120 days. The giraffes exhibited well-defined movement patterns within the park, moving between different vegetation communities in a generally circular pattern. Home range sizes varied from 3.03 to 16.21 km2 but were generally small with high overlap between ranges. There were no significant differences found between males and females in their home range sizes or maximum distances traveled. Vegetation distribution and poaching appeared to influence the giraffes' movements and use of space within the park.
Diversity of Butterflies (Rhopalocera) inBulusukan (San Idelfonso, Bulacan, P...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
There are 1,615 species and sub species of butterflies in the entire Philippines (C.R Baltazar, 1991), LUBG San Fernando La Union has 104 species recorded they belong to 6 families and 66 genera(Nacua et al2015).In Manila,Nacua (2016) 22 species of butterflies belong to 6 families 17 genera were also recorded. Thisstudyseeks to determine the species composition, conservation status, richness and abundance of butterflies in the town of Bulusukan, a community in San Ildefonso, Bulacan province (Luzon Island, Philippines). The opportunistic transect sampling method was used to collect butterflies. Collection was done at daytime on August 6, 2016 from 8 am up to 5 pm in areas with GPS of 15°04'26.0652"northand 121°02'39.9588"east near the vicinity of Bulusukan Cave.Species richness and butterfly diversity in all areas sampled was calculated. A dendogram showing 75% species abundance was accounted and comes mostly from the secondary dipterocarp forest. Graphium antiphates Cramer, Ypthima semperaand Ptychandra lorquini-lorquini were found to be endemic to Bulusukan. Butterflies were observed to be attracted to shady forest areas consisting of mosses clinging on metamorphic rocks along a river and includes species from the families Nymphalidae and Papilionidae. This study was able to identify 21 butterfly species with 19 genera 2 of them are rare and 2 endemic species of butterflies in Bulusukan. It is recommended to continue further study for wet and dry season.
This document summarizes a study on the breeding ecology of two bird species - the spotted dove and red-vented bulbul - in Mohnyin Degree College, Myanmar from March to July 2015. Six nests were observed in total, with three nests for each species. For spotted doves, two eggs were found in each of the three nests. For red-vented bulbuls, one nest contained three eggs while the other two nests contained two eggs each. Incubation was performed by both parents for both species. Out of the 13 total eggs observed, 6 eggs hatched successfully. The breeding success rate was higher for spotted doves at 66.67% compared to 28.57% for
Sever-report-forest floor of the Semuliki rain forest-april 2015Zvi Sever
A researcher sampled invertebrate fauna on the forest floor of Semuliki National Park in Uganda over three days during the rainy season. A total of 130 specimens from 23 species were found, including insects, spiders, snails, worms, and crabs. More individuals and species were found in the soil layer compared to the leaf layer. Additional sampling may reveal more species. Maps and temperature data from sampling sites are provided in an appendix.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes a study that used leaf epidermal analysis to identify 10 sterile species of the genus Strychnos collected from the Oban Forest in Nigeria. The researchers examined 36 morphological and anatomical characters of the leaf epidermis. Principal component analysis revealed that epidermal cell number, length, width, trichome number, stomata number and indices were the major distinguishing features. Cluster analysis grouped the species into 3 clusters corresponding to sections within the Strychnos genus. Leaf epidermal analysis proved useful for identifying these sterile species and delimiting populations, which has implications for their use in herbal medicine and conservation efforts.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes a study on the movement patterns and home range sizes of Rothschild's giraffes translocated to Ruma National Park in Kenya. 30 individual giraffes (17 males and 13 females) were identified and observed over 120 days. The giraffes exhibited well-defined movement patterns within the park, moving between different vegetation communities in a generally circular pattern. Home range sizes varied from 3.03 to 16.21 km2 but were generally small with high overlap between ranges. There were no significant differences found between males and females in their home range sizes or maximum distances traveled. Vegetation distribution and poaching appeared to influence the giraffes' movements and use of space within the park.
Diversity of Butterflies (Rhopalocera) inBulusukan (San Idelfonso, Bulacan, P...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
There are 1,615 species and sub species of butterflies in the entire Philippines (C.R Baltazar, 1991), LUBG San Fernando La Union has 104 species recorded they belong to 6 families and 66 genera(Nacua et al2015).In Manila,Nacua (2016) 22 species of butterflies belong to 6 families 17 genera were also recorded. Thisstudyseeks to determine the species composition, conservation status, richness and abundance of butterflies in the town of Bulusukan, a community in San Ildefonso, Bulacan province (Luzon Island, Philippines). The opportunistic transect sampling method was used to collect butterflies. Collection was done at daytime on August 6, 2016 from 8 am up to 5 pm in areas with GPS of 15°04'26.0652"northand 121°02'39.9588"east near the vicinity of Bulusukan Cave.Species richness and butterfly diversity in all areas sampled was calculated. A dendogram showing 75% species abundance was accounted and comes mostly from the secondary dipterocarp forest. Graphium antiphates Cramer, Ypthima semperaand Ptychandra lorquini-lorquini were found to be endemic to Bulusukan. Butterflies were observed to be attracted to shady forest areas consisting of mosses clinging on metamorphic rocks along a river and includes species from the families Nymphalidae and Papilionidae. This study was able to identify 21 butterfly species with 19 genera 2 of them are rare and 2 endemic species of butterflies in Bulusukan. It is recommended to continue further study for wet and dry season.
This study examined the Argentine ant, Iridomyrmex humilis, trail following behavior in response to varying concentrations of gaster extract trails. The key findings were:
1) Optimal trail following occurred at concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0 ant equivalents per 50 cm trail. Following decreased by 50% at concentrations one decade above or below the optimum.
2) At higher concentrations (5.0 ant equivalents), ants followed trails further from the center, up to 5 mm beyond the applied trail boundaries.
3) Ants followed "airborne" trail components when the actual trail was suspended 3-6 mm above them, but following ceased at distances of 8-12 mm
ABSTRACT- Butterflies are the important pollinating agent for wild and crop plants. Despite of its global significance,
studies of butterfly diversity during monsoon and post-monsoon season in agroecosystem of Arjuni/Morgaon taluka of
Maharashtra have not been recently undertaken. Survey was carried out on butterflies of agricultural field during monsoon
and post-monsoon season, Arjuni/Morgaon, Maharashtra, India because it is now clear that in and around agricultural
fields particularly paddy field are unique ecosystems that provide some butterflies to complete their life span. Total 44
species of butterflies were recorded belonging to 32 genera and 5 families. Nymphalidae family is consisting of maximum
number of genera and species and only three species recorded from family Papilionidae. Maximum species richness
reported from July to November month. The present study will encourage the conservation of a wide range of indigenous
butterfly species in an area.
Key-words- Butterfly, Diversity, Fauna, Agricultural field, Monsoon, Post monsoon
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the macro and micro morphological characteristics of 7 medicinal liana species from the Loganiaceae family (Strychnos species) found in Southwestern Nigeria. 42 morphological characters were assessed from plant samples collected across 4 forests. The species ranged in leaf shape from elliptic to oblanceolate and leaf size from 3.5-11.7cm in length and 2.5-5.2cm in width. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed that leaf features, hook types, epidermal cells, stomata and other traits can distinguish the species and are important for identifying them for conservation and medicinal uses. A taxonomic key was developed to facilitate species identification.
Seasonal Phenology of Reptiles in a Mediterranean Environment (“Castel di Gui...IJEABJ
The present work reports the seasonal phenology of the reptiles of the "Castel di Guido" Natural Park near Rome (Northern Latium, Italy). During field observations, between September 2014 and July 2016, transects were carried out along the ecotones of the park, in order to describe the period of seasonal activity of the reptiles present. The area is characterized by Mediterranean mesothermal climate. In the Mediterranean area, reptiles have a broader annual activity range than other European regions, greatly reducing winter latency. Reptile activities start very early, in some case it is possible to observe the snake Hierophis viridiflavus and lizards, such as Podarcis muralis and Podarcis siculus, in thermoregulation activity in the middle of winter. The mild climate that is recorded on average in autumn favors the activity in the period between September and December; Zamenis longissimus is observed regularly in October. Testudo hermanni mates regularly in autumn and it is active until the first decade of December. The research shows that during the winter period reptiles can be observed in activity; for some species, Chalcides chalcides, Podarcis sp., Hierophis viridiflavus, this seems to be a remarkable datum that broad considerably the annual phenology reported in the literature.
Cobb, Seltmann, Franz. 2014. The Current State of Arthropod Biodiversity Data...taxonbytes
Cobb et al. 2014. The Current State of Arthropod Biodiversity Data: Addressing Impacts of Global Change. Presented at https://www.idigbio.org/content/collections-21st-century-symposium Program available at https://www.idigbio.org/wiki/index.php/Collections_for_the_21st_Century
This document summarizes a study on the breeding ecology of two bird species - Spotted-dove and Red-vented Bulbul - in Mohnyin Degree College, Myanmar from March to July 2015. Six nests were observed in total, with three nests for each species. For Spotted-doves, two eggs were found in each of the three nests. For Red-vented Bulbuls, one nest had three eggs while the other two nests had two eggs each. Incubation was done by both parents for both species. Reproductive success was higher for Spotted-doves, with 66.67% of nests being successful, while Red-vented Bulbuls had
Annotating 18S rDNA sequences from environmental molecular surveysEukRef
This document discusses 18S rDNA sequencing of marine microorganisms. It begins by reviewing past studies on microbes in the ocean and establishes the 18S rDNA gene as a phylogenetic marker. It then describes the discovery of novel lineages of marine picoeukaryotes using 18S rDNA sequencing. Specifically, it defines 18 clades of Marine Stramenopile (MAST) lineages found in environmental samples. The document concludes by discussing tips for creating a high quality reference database of 18S rDNA sequences, including being conservative in defining new phylotypes due to challenges like sequencing errors and chimeras.
the biological indicators studies of zooplanktonIJEAB
The study of biological indicators for zooplanktonis important factors in environmental studies to show the extent of the surrounding organisms, distribution and deployment environment affected. Zooplankton samples were collected from three stations on the Tigris River in the city of Baghdad using zooplankton net, specimens preserved and laboratory-diagnosed using internationally recognized classifications. Results show through the presence of relatively high abundance of zooplankton in the three stations and not affected by the city in addition to the species abundance is the other index gave few differences between stations, a lack of environmental pressures on these organisms in the station directory. Also, Shannon-Weiner diversity Indexpointer gave no significant differences between the study stations.
— The Qingliang mountain area located in the downtown of Nanjing, there were plenty of botany species in Qingliang Mountain Area, such as forest, bamboos and grasslands, the environment was good habitat to avians. In this paper, avian resource of Qingliang mountain area was studied, 11 species was watched which belonging to 2 Orders and 7 Families. 2 summer breeding birds and 9 resident birds were recorded, 4 species were oriental realm birds, 2 species were palaearctic realm birds. The Shannon-Wiener Index was 1.6869, The Pielou Index was 0.3055, and The G-F Index was 0.2261. The feeding condition and safety condition affects the biodiversity of avian of Qingliang mountain area. Keywords— Avian Biodiversity Qingliang Mountain.
Analysis of Bird Habitat Suitability in Chongming Island Based on GIS and Fra...AI Publications
With the development of society, the degree of human exploitation of nature is becoming more profound, which makes the fragmentation of the global environment more serious, leading to the reduction of species' Lebensraum and having a huge negative impact on the survival and development of various species. In this paper, we select the Chongming Island area in Shanghai as the study area and use the landscape pattern analysis and suitability analysis methods to comprehensively analyze the characteristics of the habitat pattern in this area as well as the suitability impact on the local birds. The research results show that the fragmentation of local habitats has decreased, but the connectivity between patches is low, and the changes in bird populations are relatively stable, showing a stable and positive trend.
This proposal aims to study the effect of Bidens pilosa plant extract on aphid infestation and yield of kale. A field experiment will be conducted at Egerton University from January to May 2016 using different concentrations of B. pilosa extract sprayed on kale plants infested with cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae). Data on aphid population, plant growth, and yield will be collected and analyzed to determine the extract's effectiveness in controlling aphids compared to the control. The results are expected to show that B. pilosa extract reduces aphid populations and increases kale yield.
Understanding the mangrove-associated avifauna and their conservation status ...AI Publications
The research was conducted from June 2017 to June 2019 to better understand the diversity and current state of the avifauna in the Gorai Creek region. 96 species belonging to 39 families from 16 orders, including terrestrial and aquatic birds, were identified as surviving near the stream over the two-year research period, including residents, migratory, common, uncommon, and unusual species. 64 species were permanent birds, 28 were winter migrants, 4 were summer migrants, 23 were uncommon, 57 were common, and 16 were rare. Anatidae, Ardeidae, Cuculidae, Accipitridae, Sturnidae, Strigidae, Laridae, Charadridae, Scolopacidae, and Rallidae were the most regularly observed bird families. The extensive mangrove cover around the creek provided food for all the birds. The ferry system to Gorai village, as well as the Essel World Park, has been seen to mildly impair the birds' breeding and foraging. Seasonal changes have a significant impact on bird numbers. Except for the ferry system, anthropogenic disturbances are quite minimal in the area, therefore the creek has less pollution and dense mangrove foliage, which shelters the avifauna that thrives in the zone.
ABSTRACT- The zooplankton diversity was studied in four stations at Madduvalasa reservoir during June 2014 to May
’15 and forty five species were identified. Among eight groups, the diversity of Rotifera comprises of 17 species
(21.37%), Cladocera 8 (16.44%), Copepoda 5 (17.28%), Ostracoda 2 (15.21 %), Protozoa 3 (12.24%), Crustacea 9
(11.26%), Mollusca 1 species (01.60%) respectively along with fish larvae and eggs (04.61%). The monthly and group
wise zooplankton density analysed and found that the number was highest during summer followed by monsoon and
lowest during winter.
Key-words- Zooplankton, Monthly variation, Madduvalasa reservoir, Rotifera, Copepoda
This document discusses a study investigating the effects of invasive species eradication methods on seabird populations on islands. The study will use a systematic review and meta-analysis approach to synthesize data from previous studies examining changes in seabird populations after successful removal of invasive predators from islands. Nine steps for conducting a systematic review are outlined, and the methods describe an initial literature search that identified over 10,000 papers, of which 41 remained after screening for relevance criteria. Nine of these studies contained sufficient quantitative data in the form of effect sizes that could be included in a meta-analysis to assess if a correlation exists between seabird population changes and successful invasive species eradications.
Density and distribution of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus, Schwarz 1934) ...Open Access Research Paper
The loss of biodiversity mainly due to human activities is a global concern. The survival of wild mammals, including the West African chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus), which is considered a critically endangered species, is threatened. However, information on the status of the remaining populations of such a primate and its distribution is rarely available or out of date for some sites. This study aims at improving the knowledge of the west chimpanzee population density and distribution in Mont Sangbé National Park (MSNP), West Côte d’Ivoire, for conservation purposes. We counted chimpanzee sleeping nests along 64 line transects of one kilometer each in the forest area of the MSNP by following distance sampling methods. Then, we recorded the GPS coordinates of all signs of the presence of the species during transects and recce surveys. We observed 148 signs of the presence of chimpanzees including 94 nests counted along transects. The average density of chimpanzees in the forest area of MSNP was estimated at 0.25 individuals/km² and 0.48 individuals/km² when using a value of a lifetime of nests of 164.38 days and 84.38 days, respectively. In addition, the distribution map showed that the signs of the presence of chimpanzees are mainly observed in two areas: the southern and the north-eastern forest areas of the MSNP. We recommend the application of other survey methods (genetics, camera trapping, nest counts combined with the modeling of nest lifetime estimates) for a better understanding of the chimpanzee population ecology and for conservation management in the PNMS.
The document summarizes a study on the seasonal diversity and status of butterfly fauna in Sakoli Taluka of Bhandara District in Maharashtra, India. A total of 69 butterfly species belonging to 47 genera and 5 families were recorded in and around agricultural fields over two years. The Nymphalidae family had the most species diversity with 25 species recorded. Species richness was highest in the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Most butterfly populations were observed during the winter and post-monsoon season in morning hours. The study provides insights on the butterfly species utilizing agricultural areas in the region and their seasonal variation.
This document provides methods for assessing the biological activity and health of pasture soils. It describes making soil and plant tissue samples to analyze nutrient levels and the effects of fertilization programs. Six methods are outlined for assessing soil biological properties without expensive lab tests: 1) Counting the diversity of living organisms on the soil surface. 2) Counting earthworms and their burrows. 3) Noting the smell of soil. 4) Testing soil aggregate stability in water. 5) Timing water infiltration into the soil. 6) Measuring soil compaction using a homemade penetrometer. Conducting regular assessments using these methods provides insight into soil nutrient cycling and identifies areas for improving pasture soil quality.
DIVERSITY STUDY OF ODONATA IN CHINTAMANI KAR BIRD SANCTUARY, KOLKATA, WEST BE...IAEME Publication
Species records of protected areas by creating checklists and updating them is crucial to understand species distribution, dynamics and possible threats to them. Chintamani Kar Bird Sanctuary is a protected area famed for its wide variety of floral and faunal diversity, located in close proximity to the metropolis of Kolkata and odonata is real flagship taxa of freshwater ecosystems, often used as indicator species to assess the quality of their close environment. Adult odonata (both suborder- Anisoptera; Dragonfly & Zygoptera; Damselfly) needs resource-rich terrestrial habitats for maturation, feeding, resting, and mating. Species diversity indices like Simpson and Shannon are applied to analyze the odonatan population diversity in this protected area. Our study of odonata populations has been made for the first time in this protected area. As far as species richness is concerned, the family Libellulidae is found to be dominant among Anisoptera whereas species of the family Coenagrionidae is dominant among Zygoptera. Our observations support the importance of this region in providing valuable habitats for Odonata.
New Species of Chewing Lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) of Common M...Premier Publishers
Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) are obligatory parasites of birds and mammals. Little attention has been given to chewing lice species in Pakistan; hence this is a contribution towards the chewing lice fauna of the country. In the present work, two new species of chewing lice were recovered from common and native bird Acridotheres tristis (Common Myna) (Passeriformes: Sturnidae) in Sindh, Pakistan. During the examination of 80 birds of A. tristis, 65 birds produced two new species of chewing lice, belonging to genus Myrsidea (Amblycera: Menoponidae) and genus Sturnidoecus (Ischnocera: Philopteridae); however, all birds were prevalent to chewing lice of genus Brueelia and Menacanthus. The new species are described in detail, illustrated and compared with their closest allied species found on birds of family Sturnidae.
Birds of Pambujan, Northern Samar, Philippinesijtsrd
This assessment was specifically carried out to identify the avian species present in the study area, describe its distribution, determine its frequency, ascertain their conservation status, and enumerate the anthropogenic factors that influence their presence in the sampling sites. In each of the five barangays, representing different habitat types, a 1 kilometer trail was established and visited twice a day until the species accumulation asymptote was reached. During each visit, photographic images of the avian species present were taken for documentation and identification purposes. There were 27 species of birds, belonging to 17 families, present in the sampling sites. Of these species, Passer montanus, Artamus leucorhynchus, and Hirundo tahitica were the most frequently sighted. On the other hand, Bulbopsittacus lunulatus was the least frequently observed bird. Majority of the birds inhabited the forest area, while others were found along riverbanks, in grasslands, and along the coasts. Except for Ceyx melanurus, which is listed as “vulnerableâ€, all other species were categorized as “least concern†under the IUCN Guidelines. Swidden agriculture slash and burn or kaingin and hunting for food and the pet trade affect the presence of birds in the sampling sites. Although there are still a number of species present, it is imperative that adequate protection and conservation measures are adopted and strictly implemented by the local government units. Joseph L. Lucban, Jr. | Abel Alejandro U. Flores, Jr. ""Birds of Pambujan, Northern Samar, Philippines"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd22938.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/22938/birds-of-pambujan-northern-samar-philippines/joseph-l-lucban-jr
Sever-Okapi&MaramagamboForest-Uganda2024.pdfZvi Sever
Sever, Z. and Geffen, E. 2024. The north of the Maramagambo Reserve in Uganda does not fit the requirements of the okapi. The Zoological Society of Israel, 60th Conference, Abstracts, p.19. (Origin: Hebrew)
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This study examined the Argentine ant, Iridomyrmex humilis, trail following behavior in response to varying concentrations of gaster extract trails. The key findings were:
1) Optimal trail following occurred at concentrations of 0.1 and 1.0 ant equivalents per 50 cm trail. Following decreased by 50% at concentrations one decade above or below the optimum.
2) At higher concentrations (5.0 ant equivalents), ants followed trails further from the center, up to 5 mm beyond the applied trail boundaries.
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studies of butterfly diversity during monsoon and post-monsoon season in agroecosystem of Arjuni/Morgaon taluka of
Maharashtra have not been recently undertaken. Survey was carried out on butterflies of agricultural field during monsoon
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fields particularly paddy field are unique ecosystems that provide some butterflies to complete their life span. Total 44
species of butterflies were recorded belonging to 32 genera and 5 families. Nymphalidae family is consisting of maximum
number of genera and species and only three species recorded from family Papilionidae. Maximum species richness
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butterfly species in an area.
Key-words- Butterfly, Diversity, Fauna, Agricultural field, Monsoon, Post monsoon
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This document summarizes a study that evaluated the macro and micro morphological characteristics of 7 medicinal liana species from the Loganiaceae family (Strychnos species) found in Southwestern Nigeria. 42 morphological characters were assessed from plant samples collected across 4 forests. The species ranged in leaf shape from elliptic to oblanceolate and leaf size from 3.5-11.7cm in length and 2.5-5.2cm in width. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed that leaf features, hook types, epidermal cells, stomata and other traits can distinguish the species and are important for identifying them for conservation and medicinal uses. A taxonomic key was developed to facilitate species identification.
Seasonal Phenology of Reptiles in a Mediterranean Environment (“Castel di Gui...IJEABJ
The present work reports the seasonal phenology of the reptiles of the "Castel di Guido" Natural Park near Rome (Northern Latium, Italy). During field observations, between September 2014 and July 2016, transects were carried out along the ecotones of the park, in order to describe the period of seasonal activity of the reptiles present. The area is characterized by Mediterranean mesothermal climate. In the Mediterranean area, reptiles have a broader annual activity range than other European regions, greatly reducing winter latency. Reptile activities start very early, in some case it is possible to observe the snake Hierophis viridiflavus and lizards, such as Podarcis muralis and Podarcis siculus, in thermoregulation activity in the middle of winter. The mild climate that is recorded on average in autumn favors the activity in the period between September and December; Zamenis longissimus is observed regularly in October. Testudo hermanni mates regularly in autumn and it is active until the first decade of December. The research shows that during the winter period reptiles can be observed in activity; for some species, Chalcides chalcides, Podarcis sp., Hierophis viridiflavus, this seems to be a remarkable datum that broad considerably the annual phenology reported in the literature.
Cobb, Seltmann, Franz. 2014. The Current State of Arthropod Biodiversity Data...taxonbytes
Cobb et al. 2014. The Current State of Arthropod Biodiversity Data: Addressing Impacts of Global Change. Presented at https://www.idigbio.org/content/collections-21st-century-symposium Program available at https://www.idigbio.org/wiki/index.php/Collections_for_the_21st_Century
This document summarizes a study on the breeding ecology of two bird species - Spotted-dove and Red-vented Bulbul - in Mohnyin Degree College, Myanmar from March to July 2015. Six nests were observed in total, with three nests for each species. For Spotted-doves, two eggs were found in each of the three nests. For Red-vented Bulbuls, one nest had three eggs while the other two nests had two eggs each. Incubation was done by both parents for both species. Reproductive success was higher for Spotted-doves, with 66.67% of nests being successful, while Red-vented Bulbuls had
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The study of biological indicators for zooplanktonis important factors in environmental studies to show the extent of the surrounding organisms, distribution and deployment environment affected. Zooplankton samples were collected from three stations on the Tigris River in the city of Baghdad using zooplankton net, specimens preserved and laboratory-diagnosed using internationally recognized classifications. Results show through the presence of relatively high abundance of zooplankton in the three stations and not affected by the city in addition to the species abundance is the other index gave few differences between stations, a lack of environmental pressures on these organisms in the station directory. Also, Shannon-Weiner diversity Indexpointer gave no significant differences between the study stations.
— The Qingliang mountain area located in the downtown of Nanjing, there were plenty of botany species in Qingliang Mountain Area, such as forest, bamboos and grasslands, the environment was good habitat to avians. In this paper, avian resource of Qingliang mountain area was studied, 11 species was watched which belonging to 2 Orders and 7 Families. 2 summer breeding birds and 9 resident birds were recorded, 4 species were oriental realm birds, 2 species were palaearctic realm birds. The Shannon-Wiener Index was 1.6869, The Pielou Index was 0.3055, and The G-F Index was 0.2261. The feeding condition and safety condition affects the biodiversity of avian of Qingliang mountain area. Keywords— Avian Biodiversity Qingliang Mountain.
Analysis of Bird Habitat Suitability in Chongming Island Based on GIS and Fra...AI Publications
With the development of society, the degree of human exploitation of nature is becoming more profound, which makes the fragmentation of the global environment more serious, leading to the reduction of species' Lebensraum and having a huge negative impact on the survival and development of various species. In this paper, we select the Chongming Island area in Shanghai as the study area and use the landscape pattern analysis and suitability analysis methods to comprehensively analyze the characteristics of the habitat pattern in this area as well as the suitability impact on the local birds. The research results show that the fragmentation of local habitats has decreased, but the connectivity between patches is low, and the changes in bird populations are relatively stable, showing a stable and positive trend.
This proposal aims to study the effect of Bidens pilosa plant extract on aphid infestation and yield of kale. A field experiment will be conducted at Egerton University from January to May 2016 using different concentrations of B. pilosa extract sprayed on kale plants infested with cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae). Data on aphid population, plant growth, and yield will be collected and analyzed to determine the extract's effectiveness in controlling aphids compared to the control. The results are expected to show that B. pilosa extract reduces aphid populations and increases kale yield.
Understanding the mangrove-associated avifauna and their conservation status ...AI Publications
The research was conducted from June 2017 to June 2019 to better understand the diversity and current state of the avifauna in the Gorai Creek region. 96 species belonging to 39 families from 16 orders, including terrestrial and aquatic birds, were identified as surviving near the stream over the two-year research period, including residents, migratory, common, uncommon, and unusual species. 64 species were permanent birds, 28 were winter migrants, 4 were summer migrants, 23 were uncommon, 57 were common, and 16 were rare. Anatidae, Ardeidae, Cuculidae, Accipitridae, Sturnidae, Strigidae, Laridae, Charadridae, Scolopacidae, and Rallidae were the most regularly observed bird families. The extensive mangrove cover around the creek provided food for all the birds. The ferry system to Gorai village, as well as the Essel World Park, has been seen to mildly impair the birds' breeding and foraging. Seasonal changes have a significant impact on bird numbers. Except for the ferry system, anthropogenic disturbances are quite minimal in the area, therefore the creek has less pollution and dense mangrove foliage, which shelters the avifauna that thrives in the zone.
ABSTRACT- The zooplankton diversity was studied in four stations at Madduvalasa reservoir during June 2014 to May
’15 and forty five species were identified. Among eight groups, the diversity of Rotifera comprises of 17 species
(21.37%), Cladocera 8 (16.44%), Copepoda 5 (17.28%), Ostracoda 2 (15.21 %), Protozoa 3 (12.24%), Crustacea 9
(11.26%), Mollusca 1 species (01.60%) respectively along with fish larvae and eggs (04.61%). The monthly and group
wise zooplankton density analysed and found that the number was highest during summer followed by monsoon and
lowest during winter.
Key-words- Zooplankton, Monthly variation, Madduvalasa reservoir, Rotifera, Copepoda
This document discusses a study investigating the effects of invasive species eradication methods on seabird populations on islands. The study will use a systematic review and meta-analysis approach to synthesize data from previous studies examining changes in seabird populations after successful removal of invasive predators from islands. Nine steps for conducting a systematic review are outlined, and the methods describe an initial literature search that identified over 10,000 papers, of which 41 remained after screening for relevance criteria. Nine of these studies contained sufficient quantitative data in the form of effect sizes that could be included in a meta-analysis to assess if a correlation exists between seabird population changes and successful invasive species eradications.
Density and distribution of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus, Schwarz 1934) ...Open Access Research Paper
The loss of biodiversity mainly due to human activities is a global concern. The survival of wild mammals, including the West African chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus), which is considered a critically endangered species, is threatened. However, information on the status of the remaining populations of such a primate and its distribution is rarely available or out of date for some sites. This study aims at improving the knowledge of the west chimpanzee population density and distribution in Mont Sangbé National Park (MSNP), West Côte d’Ivoire, for conservation purposes. We counted chimpanzee sleeping nests along 64 line transects of one kilometer each in the forest area of the MSNP by following distance sampling methods. Then, we recorded the GPS coordinates of all signs of the presence of the species during transects and recce surveys. We observed 148 signs of the presence of chimpanzees including 94 nests counted along transects. The average density of chimpanzees in the forest area of MSNP was estimated at 0.25 individuals/km² and 0.48 individuals/km² when using a value of a lifetime of nests of 164.38 days and 84.38 days, respectively. In addition, the distribution map showed that the signs of the presence of chimpanzees are mainly observed in two areas: the southern and the north-eastern forest areas of the MSNP. We recommend the application of other survey methods (genetics, camera trapping, nest counts combined with the modeling of nest lifetime estimates) for a better understanding of the chimpanzee population ecology and for conservation management in the PNMS.
The document summarizes a study on the seasonal diversity and status of butterfly fauna in Sakoli Taluka of Bhandara District in Maharashtra, India. A total of 69 butterfly species belonging to 47 genera and 5 families were recorded in and around agricultural fields over two years. The Nymphalidae family had the most species diversity with 25 species recorded. Species richness was highest in the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Most butterfly populations were observed during the winter and post-monsoon season in morning hours. The study provides insights on the butterfly species utilizing agricultural areas in the region and their seasonal variation.
This document provides methods for assessing the biological activity and health of pasture soils. It describes making soil and plant tissue samples to analyze nutrient levels and the effects of fertilization programs. Six methods are outlined for assessing soil biological properties without expensive lab tests: 1) Counting the diversity of living organisms on the soil surface. 2) Counting earthworms and their burrows. 3) Noting the smell of soil. 4) Testing soil aggregate stability in water. 5) Timing water infiltration into the soil. 6) Measuring soil compaction using a homemade penetrometer. Conducting regular assessments using these methods provides insight into soil nutrient cycling and identifies areas for improving pasture soil quality.
DIVERSITY STUDY OF ODONATA IN CHINTAMANI KAR BIRD SANCTUARY, KOLKATA, WEST BE...IAEME Publication
Species records of protected areas by creating checklists and updating them is crucial to understand species distribution, dynamics and possible threats to them. Chintamani Kar Bird Sanctuary is a protected area famed for its wide variety of floral and faunal diversity, located in close proximity to the metropolis of Kolkata and odonata is real flagship taxa of freshwater ecosystems, often used as indicator species to assess the quality of their close environment. Adult odonata (both suborder- Anisoptera; Dragonfly & Zygoptera; Damselfly) needs resource-rich terrestrial habitats for maturation, feeding, resting, and mating. Species diversity indices like Simpson and Shannon are applied to analyze the odonatan population diversity in this protected area. Our study of odonata populations has been made for the first time in this protected area. As far as species richness is concerned, the family Libellulidae is found to be dominant among Anisoptera whereas species of the family Coenagrionidae is dominant among Zygoptera. Our observations support the importance of this region in providing valuable habitats for Odonata.
New Species of Chewing Lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) of Common M...Premier Publishers
Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) are obligatory parasites of birds and mammals. Little attention has been given to chewing lice species in Pakistan; hence this is a contribution towards the chewing lice fauna of the country. In the present work, two new species of chewing lice were recovered from common and native bird Acridotheres tristis (Common Myna) (Passeriformes: Sturnidae) in Sindh, Pakistan. During the examination of 80 birds of A. tristis, 65 birds produced two new species of chewing lice, belonging to genus Myrsidea (Amblycera: Menoponidae) and genus Sturnidoecus (Ischnocera: Philopteridae); however, all birds were prevalent to chewing lice of genus Brueelia and Menacanthus. The new species are described in detail, illustrated and compared with their closest allied species found on birds of family Sturnidae.
Birds of Pambujan, Northern Samar, Philippinesijtsrd
This assessment was specifically carried out to identify the avian species present in the study area, describe its distribution, determine its frequency, ascertain their conservation status, and enumerate the anthropogenic factors that influence their presence in the sampling sites. In each of the five barangays, representing different habitat types, a 1 kilometer trail was established and visited twice a day until the species accumulation asymptote was reached. During each visit, photographic images of the avian species present were taken for documentation and identification purposes. There were 27 species of birds, belonging to 17 families, present in the sampling sites. Of these species, Passer montanus, Artamus leucorhynchus, and Hirundo tahitica were the most frequently sighted. On the other hand, Bulbopsittacus lunulatus was the least frequently observed bird. Majority of the birds inhabited the forest area, while others were found along riverbanks, in grasslands, and along the coasts. Except for Ceyx melanurus, which is listed as “vulnerableâ€, all other species were categorized as “least concern†under the IUCN Guidelines. Swidden agriculture slash and burn or kaingin and hunting for food and the pet trade affect the presence of birds in the sampling sites. Although there are still a number of species present, it is imperative that adequate protection and conservation measures are adopted and strictly implemented by the local government units. Joseph L. Lucban, Jr. | Abel Alejandro U. Flores, Jr. ""Birds of Pambujan, Northern Samar, Philippines"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd22938.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/22938/birds-of-pambujan-northern-samar-philippines/joseph-l-lucban-jr
Similar to Seve- Report- invertebrate fauna on the forest floor of Semuliki NP-Uganda-April 2017 (20)
Sever-Okapi&MaramagamboForest-Uganda2024.pdfZvi Sever
Sever, Z. and Geffen, E. 2024. The north of the Maramagambo Reserve in Uganda does not fit the requirements of the okapi. The Zoological Society of Israel, 60th Conference, Abstracts, p.19. (Origin: Hebrew)
סבר-אוקפי-מחקר-יער מרמגמבו-אוגנדה-2024.pdfZvi Sever
סבר, צ. וגפן, א. 2024. צפון שמורת מראמאגמבו באוגנדה אינה מתאימה לדרישות האוקפי. הכנס
ה- 60 של העמותה לזואולוגיה בישראל, האוניברסיטה הפתוחה, רעננה, 16 לאפריל 2024, חוברת
תקצירים: עמ' 19.
The new Islamic Empire-Zvi Sever Pub. Oct.2023.pdfZvi Sever
Zvi Sever has published several documents discussing the potential emergence of a new Islamic empire, including a 2008 edited volume comprising 23 papers outlining expected borders and a 2011 opinion piece advocating for an incremental "patches" approach to expansion. His work on Islamic geopolitics can also be found through his SlideShare profile online.
Sever-Some of the first Okapis origin-2020.pdfZvi Sever
Sever, Z. (2020). Some of the first okapis were discovered in the Semuliki N.P. in Uganda.
The Zoological Society of Israel, 57th Conference, Abstracts, p.10. (Origin: Hebrew)
Sever-Dilemmas Ehical code Space-COSPAR Sc. Assembly-2022.pdfZvi Sever
Sever, Z. Dilemmas encountered in establishing the Ethical Code for Outer Space. 2022. 44th COSPAR Scientific Assembly. Held 16-24 July, 2022. Abstract PSSH.1-0018-22.
Online, at https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022cosp...44.3430S/abstract .
Abstract PSSH.1-0018-22.
Sever-Abs.-Ethical Code Space-IAC 2021.pdfZvi Sever
Sever, Z. 2021. The ethical code for outer space. 72nd International Astronautical Congress (IAC2021, Dubai, United Arab Emirates), Paper ID: 62017, 5 pp.
SEVER-Ethical Code for Spce in SRT2020.pdfZvi Sever
Space activity raises new ethical issues that current frameworks do not fully address. A proposed ethical code for space activity focuses on four principles: the benefit and well-being of all humanity regardless of nationality, the preservation of outer space for peaceful purposes, the protection of the space environment, and international cooperation. The code aims to provide guidance for responsible behavior in space to ensure its exploration, development, and use benefit all people.
The document summarizes a study on the readiness of Semuliki National Park in Uganda to receive okapis. It finds that the park previously held okapis until the 1970s and still occasionally sees them. The park has suitable okapi habitat of 210 square kilometers of forest at the right altitude and with key food plants. This habitat could support around 30 female okapis within territories of 4-7 square kilometers each and 12 male okapis within 17 square kilometer territories, for a total capacity of about 42 adult okapis.
Sever-conservation translocations-rev.2021Zvi Sever
Sever, Z. (2021). Review: Conservation translocations. Submitted to Uganda wildlife authority (UWA) as a background towards "The Okapi restoration to Uganda project",
January, 50 pp.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
Seve- Report- invertebrate fauna on the forest floor of Semuliki NP-Uganda-April 2017
1. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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1
The invertebrate fauna on the forest floor of Semuliki rain forest's center
Zvi Sever
Biology Dep., University of Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
sever.zvi@gmail.com
In order to obtain data on the invertebrates inhabiting the forest floor of a lowland
tropical rain forest, I filtered leaves and ground during the dry season (February 2017)
in a 1sq.km. area, populated by mixed evergreen forest and semi deciduous forest
(see appendix map 4) in middle Semuliki forest (sq. No. 39-40 in map 1, see
appendix), Kirumia trail, around 35N UTM 0089712 X 0088735, (see appendix map
2-3) of Semuliki N.P, (extension of Virunga forest) west Uganda on the D.R.C.
border. Two samples a day (one between trees and one between a tree's buttresses)
were taken over a 3 day period, composed of 80x80 cm of leaves and soil that had
been filtered through nets (20x2o mm to 3x3 mm). The ground was filtered to a depth
of 1 cm (6 liter each time).
In order to obtain data on the mammals, four Trap cameras were wrapped to trees in
North west Semuliki NP in the forest, 100 meter from Semuliki river (sq. No. 46-45;
Semuliki river and Lamia river junction, around 36N UTM 0092620 X 0093345, see
appendix map No. 1). Bait placed in front of three cameras (fruits, vegetables and
breadcrumbs).
Total of 91 specimens were caught in the filtration activity. Accordingly, 51
specimens covering 22 species were found on the ground surface among the leaves
(leaf layer, average depth of 2.6 cm): 2 spiders, 4 snails and 16 species of insects.
The 80X80X1 cm volume of filtered soil produced 40 specimens from total of 16
species: 1 species of millipede, 7 of snails and 8 species of insects.
In both the leaf layer and the surface/soil layer, the same 4 species were found, that is,
a sum total of 34 different species of animals, invertebrates, were observed.
2. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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2
By calculating how many individuals found in each layer, we can observe that the
greatest number of individuals is present in the leaves layer. This can, probably be
attributed to the fact that the leaves are humid by the dispersal rains during the dry
season. By comparing both, layers and sites the largest number of specimens is in the
leaves' layer between trees' buttresses. It can be explained by the comparatively
absence effect between the buttresses during the dry season.
It was apparent that additional filtering in central Semuliki during the dry season
might produce a much longer list of species in both layers. It would be of interest for
future research to conduct comparative studies on the forest floor of different flora in
Semuliki N.P. (see appendix, map 3).
The 'Trap cameras' produce 10,636 pictures with many flying insects and only 8 of
mammals, sitatunga and duiker (see appendix, Pictures, p. 10). It is too early for any
conclusion and next time it is important to try the Trap cameras method in some other
areas in Semuliki NP.
See Appendix:
Appendix to the Forest floor's filtration research and Trap cameras
Please find presented the next data:
1. The temperatures in the filtration sites …………………….. p.3
2. The animals' list and pictures ……………..……………….. p.3
Phylum – ARTHROPODA ………………….…………… p.3
-Spiders ……….………………………………… p.3
-Insects .. ……………………………………….. p.4
-Millipedes ………………………………….…… p.9
Phylum – MOLUSCA …………….……………………… p.9
-Snails ……….…………………………………. p.9
3. Trap Cameras- Pictures………….…………………...……. p.11
4. Maps ………………………………………………………. p.14
3. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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3
1. Temperatures
The temperatures were measured in all the filtration sites every hour from 8:30 to
10:30 am.
Stratum measured Average (c°)
Air – 5 cm above the leaves……………………..... 25.5
On leaves' surface ……………………………..…. 24.9
Among the leaves ……………………………..…. 24.5
On the ground surface under the leaves …………. 23.8
In the ground (depth 2 cm) ………………………. 42 .3
It is possible to see that as much as we measured deeper to the leaves and ground
surface, the temperature is lower. In the ground it is wormer than on ground in the dry
season.
2. The animals' list and pictures (34 different species observed)
(The pictures of some animals sent for final identification by experts).
Body length - in mm.
Phylum – ARTHROPODA
Class - ARACHNIDA
Order – ARANEAE
Sub order- Araneomorphae
2 species of spiders:
1) Spider A - Body length 5 mm, found on ground among the leaves
Sub order, Family and Species=?
4. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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4
2) Spider B - Body length 5 mm, found on ground among the leaves
Class – INSECTA
24 species of insects:
Order – LEPIDOPTERA
Caterpillars
Sub order, Family and Species=?
3) Caterpillar A - Body length 8 mm, found in the ground
4) Caterpillar - Body length 5 mm, was found among leaves
5) Caterpillar - Body length 70 mm, was found on the leaves
6) Caterpillar - Body length 7 mm, was found among the leaves
Pupas
Order- ?
7) Pupa's defend – Length 50 mm, Entrance diameter 20mm, was found in the ground
5. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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5
8) Pupa's defend – Length 50 mm, Entrance diameter 20mm, was found among leaves
9) Pupa -Length 11 mm, found among leaves
10) Pupa- Length 7.5 mm, was found in the ground
11) Pupa-Length 12-19 mm, Max. diameter 5mm,was found among leaves
12) Pupa- (11 pupas) Length 10, 12 mm, was found in the ground
6. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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6
13) Pupa- Length 10, 11 mm, Max. diameter 4, 5 mm, was found among leaves
Order- DICTYOPTERA )מפותחים כנפיים (בעלי תיקנים
Sub order- BLATTODEA
14) Imago - Body length 10 mm, was found among leaves
15) Imago - Body length 3 mm, was found among leaves
16) Imago - Body length 10 mm, found in the ground
17) Imago - Body length 15 mm, found in the ground
7. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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7
18) Imago - Body length 15 mm, found in the ground
Order: COLEOPTERA
Family ?
19) Imago - Body length 7 mm, was found in the ground
Order ? Fam.?
נמלים או טרמיטיםטרמיטים אם ?-??שייכים על 'קב לאיזו
20) Imago - Body length 4 mm Termite or ant? Was found among lives
Order- HYMENOPTERA דבוראים
Sub order- APOCRITA
Super family- FORMICOIDAE נמלים
Family- Formicidae
21) Imago – Body length 2 mm, was found among leaves
8. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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8
Super family- FORMICOIDAE
Family- Formicidae
22) Imago – Body length 10 mm, found among leaves
23) Imago – Body length 13 mm, found among leaves
24) Imago – Body length 2.5 mm, tow dots on the wings, found among leaves
25) Imago – Body length 3 mm, found among leaves
9. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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9
26) Imago – Big ants, Max head's width 5 mm, found among leaves
27) Imago – Another species of ant ?
Sub Phylum – MYRIAPODA
1 species of Millipedes:
28) Millipede – Length 20 mm, was found in the ground
Phylum – MOLUSCA
Class - GASTROPODA
Order – Stylommatophora
11 species of snails:
10. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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10
–4 Were found in the leaves
Snail C – 8 mmSnail B- 10 mmSnail A- 4 mm
Snail G- 36 mmSnail F- 7 mmSnail E- 10 mm
–7 Were found in the ground
Snail C – 10 mmSnail B- part of it-6 mmSnail A- 7 mm
חילזון2-
11. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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11
Snail H- 6 mmSnail G-10 mmSnail F- broken, 8 mm
dorsal
side
ventral side,
entrance=left
Snail I- 6,7 mm
3. Trap Cameras' Pictures
Sitatunga-
12. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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12
Duiker-
Duiker enlarged (from different pictures):
13. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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See Maps – next page
14. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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4. Maps
Map 1- Grid map of Semuliki N.P.(report about activities in sq. No. 46-45, 40-39)
Map 2 - Semuliki N.P. (Photo of the map in the visitor center, April 2015)
15. Progress report of findings to the Monitoring & Research unit of the UWA,
April 2017
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15
Map 3 – Semuliki N.P. (fig. 4 in: Semuliki NP general management plan 2005-2015)
Map 4 – Plant's map of Semuliki N.P. (map 2 from Howard et all, 1991)
Howard, P.C., Butono, F., Kayondo-Jjemba, P., and Muhumuzaa, C. (1991).
Integrating forest conservation into district development: a case study. Chapter 5
in: Howard, P.C. (Ed.). Nature Conservation in Uganda's Tropical Forest
Reserves. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Xvii. 313 pp.