1. Semantics studies the literal meaning of words and sentences, while pragmatics studies how meaning depends on context like speaker intentions, audience understanding, and situational factors. 2. There are three views on the relationship between semantics and pragmatics: semanticism argues pragmatics is part of semantics; pragmaticism argues semantics is part of pragmatics; complementarism argues they are distinct but complementary fields. 3. Pragmatic analysis has advantages over semantic analysis alone as it can better explain asymmetries, generalizations, and how utterances are understood in different contexts.

1. SEMANTIC AND
RELATED DISCIPLINES

2. The Relation of Semantics with other
Disciplines
Philoshoper: they impact their subject for
performative and peech (Austin), presupposition
(Strawson), and implicature (Grice) on linguistic but
for an older and more traditional area of
philoshopie that has interested linguist is that of
logic. Logic makes use of concept that are found in
ordinary language.
2. Anthropologist: concern to languge as essential
cultural and behaviour. In linguistic area they use
context of situation(Malinowsky).
1.

3. In context situation,it does not even discuss
which context can be handle in systematic way, to
provide a statement meaning.
4. Psychology: the role of meaning is important,
even dealing with grammatical issues, than one
would have guessed from reading most linguistic
work on the subject. The grammer seems quite
explicit on meaning to help us with
interpretation.

4. Semantics and Pragmatics
Pragmatics studies the relation between linguistic
expressions and their users. It is concerned with meaning
not just as a property of language, but as a particular
speaker’s use of language in a particular context.
Meaning in this context means that:
 It involves the speaker’s intention to convey a certain
meaning which may or may not be evident from the
message itself,
 Consequently, interpretation by the hearer of this meaning
is likely to depend on context, and
 Meaning is something which is performed, rather than
something that exists in a static way. It involves:
 Action: the speaker producing an effect on the hearer
 Interaction: the meaning being ‘negotiated’ between
speaker and hearer on the basis of their mutual knowledge.

5. The distinction between semantics and pragmatics are:
 Semantics: focus on meaning or competence
 Pragmatics: focus on use or performance
There are three logically distinct positions between
semantics and pragmatics, such as:
 Pragmatics should be subsumed under semantics
(SEMANTICISM),
 Semantics should be subsumed under pragmatics
(PRAGMATICISM),
 Semantics and pragmatics are distinct and
complementary fields of study
(COMPLEMENTARISM).

6. There are some advantages of pragmatic analysis, such as:
 Pragmatic analysis explains the asymmetry
 Pragmatic analysis can capture the generalization made by
the performative analysis, by formulating them in terms of
situation of utterance/thought rather than in terms of
syntactic or semantic constituent structure.
 Pragmatic analysis can despense with the performativedeletion transformation, which is a necessary part of the
performative analysis.
 Pragmatic analysis in terms situation of utterance it does
not come to grief over utterances.
Source:
Leech, Goeffrey. 1981. Semantic The Study of Meaning. 1974. Great Britain: Pelican Book. Page: 9-23.