This document provides information about seed processing equipment and techniques used to clean and upgrade seed quality. It discusses the principles of seed processing which include complete separation of contaminants, minimizing seed loss, upgrading quality by removing damaged or low quality seeds, and achieving high efficiency. It then describes the specific steps and various types of equipment used in seed processing, including scalpers, hullers, debearders, air screen cleaners, aspirators, gravity separators, magnetic separators, and electrostatic separators. The goal is to separate seeds from contaminants based on differences in size, weight, shape and other physical properties to produce clean, high quality seed.

1. Sub.:- Principles of Seed Technology
Course No. :- APB- 5221
Credit hours:- 3(1+2)
Lec. No.-6c :- Seed processing equipments
Presented by:-
Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya
Raipur, C.G.
Presented by:-
Lt. Roshan Parihar, Asstt. Professor (GPB)
Deptt. of Genetics & Plant Breeding
BTC College of Agriculture & Research Station
,Sarkanda, Bilaspur,(CG)-495001

3. Seed cleaning &
upgradingupgrading
equipments

4. PRINCIPLES OF SEED PROCESSING
(1) Complete separation - Removal of contaminating
or undesirable material from the seed
(2) Minimum seed loss - some good seed are
removed along with contaminants in almost every
processing operation, but this loss must be kept
at a minimum
(3) Upgrading quality – improvement of seed quality(3) Upgrading quality – improvement of seed quality
not only through removal of contaminating seed,
but also removal of rotten, cracked, broken,
insect damaged or otherwise injured or low
quality crop s ec;;
(4) Efficiency( - the highest capacity consistent with
effectiveness of separation .
(5) Minimum labour requirement - labour is a direct
operating cost and cannot be recovered.

6. Steps of Processing

7. Pre conditioning & Pre
cleaning
• Scalper / Rough cleaner
• Huller –Scarifier
• Debearder• Debearder
• Pebble Mill
• Maize sheller

8. SCALPER

9. Clipper Deberder

10. INTERNAL PART OF DEBEARDER
A. Rotating beater arm
with hard coated edges B. Stationar beater
arm

11. Section view of Air screen
cleaners

13. ClippenPM2 Scalper

14. Carter-Day No.4 reel type
Scalper

15. Crippen model scarifier

16. Basic seed cleaning
• Based on the principle of seed
size , weight & shape
• It consists of three cleaning
elementselements
• Aspiration- light seed , chaff
• Scalping- larger material
• Grading-good seeds ride over
screen and small drop through the
screen.

19. Section view of Bottom blast
fan in air screen machine

20. Feed hoppers

22. Screens

24. Clay crushing rolls

25. Principles of operations
• First screen-scalping
• Second screen-grading
• Third screen-close scalping• Third screen-close scalping
• Fourth screen-fine grading

26. TECHNIQUE OF PRECISION
CLEANING
• Screen dams –wooden strips
• Scalper apron-upper half of
canvas ,bounce
• Oil cloth drape- oil cloth covered
half
Oil cloth drape- oil cloth covered
half
• Blanking screen – lower section
cov. Brown paper
• Screen brushes-brushes kept
down side for screen cleaning

28. Disc separators

29. Cylinder separators

30. Gravity separators

31. Specific gravity separators

32. Stoners

33. Magnetic separators

34. Inclined draper

35. Spiral separators
Spiral Seed Grader.mp4

36. Electrostatic separators