This document provides an overview of sedimentary structure and paleocurrent analysis. It begins with an introduction and outlines the main contents which are physical structures, chemical structures, biogenic structures, and paleocurrent analysis. For physical structures, it describes various types of bedding geometry and internal structures like cross-bedding, ripple bedding, and graded bedding. It also covers bedding plane markings including sole marks and surface marks. The document then discusses chemical and biogenic sedimentary structures. It concludes with an explanation of how paleocurrent analysis is performed by measuring structures like cross-stratification and sole marks to determine current direction.

1. SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURE AND
PALEOCURRENT ANALYSIS
Akash Limbachiya
M.Sc sem:-4
Roll No.:-04
Dr.Rahul Gayakwad sir
M.G. Science
Institute
(Geology Department)

2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• CLASSIFICATION
• PHYSICAL STRUCTURES
• CHEMICAL STRUCTURES
• BIOGENIC STRUCTURES
• PALEOCURRENT ANALYSIS
• REFERENCE

3. PHYSICAL STRUCTURES (PRIMARY)
Formed at the time of sedimentation
A. BEDDING GEOMETRY
1.Lamination:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/

4. 2. Wavy Bedding:
Bedding characterized by adulatory bounding surfaces.
There is less regular stacking of beds
https://www.flickr.com/

5. B. BEDDING OF INTERNAL STRUCTURES:
1.Cross bedding:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-
bedding

6. 2. Ripple Bedding:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/

7. 4. Graded bedding:

8. C. BEDDING PLANE MARKINGS:
SOLE MARKS:
1. SCOUR MARKS:
When beds separate readily along bedding planes, the surfaces produced
commonly display various markings and structures.
https://serc.carleton.edu/

9. 2.TOOL MARKS:
https://www.geol.umd.edu/

10. SURFACE MARKS:
Markings present on the surface of beds
1.Mud cracks:
https://www.alamy.com/stock-

11. 2.Pits And Prints:
⦿Rain, hail, and spray
impressions are small
circular to ellipsoidal
pits formed in wet mud
.
⦿These marks indicate
environment or on
shore environment of
depression.

12. D. DEFORMED STRUCTURES :
Gravitational displacements may occur during
sedimentation or shortly there after, which deform or
alter the depositional structure.
1.Load casts:
https://www.researchgat
e.net/figure/_fig4_3285

13. 2. Ball and pillow structures:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/

14. CHEMICAL SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES
1. Stylolites:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/St
ylolite

15. 2. Nodules:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodule

16. BIOGENIC STRUCTURES
It means a laminated structure composed of particulate sand, silt
and clay sized sediments, which has been formed by the trapping
and binding of detritus sedimentary particles by an algal mat.
https://www.google.com/

17. Trace fossils:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trace_

18. PALEOCURRENT
ANALYSIS
 The measurement of palaeocurrents is a vital part of
the study of sedimentary rocks in that they provide
information on palaeogeography, palaeoslopes,
current and wind directions and they are useful in
facies interpretation.
 Of the sedimentary structures commonly seen in
the field, cross-stratification and sole marks have
proven to be the most reliable. With planar cross-
bedding, the palaeocurrent direction is simply the
direction of maximum angle of dip.
 For trough cross-bedding, the palaeocurrent
direction is parallel to the trough axis.

19. CONTINUE…
• Palaeocurrent measurements are grouped into classes of
10º, 15º, 20º or 30º intervals (depending on the
• number of readings and their variability) and then plotted
on a rose diagram

20. • Pettijohn, E. J.(1984). SEDIMENTARY ROCKS., CBS
Publishers and distributors, Delhi, III edition 100-132.
 WEBSITES
• www.wikipedia .com
• www.britanica online .com
• www.geology.about.com
REFERENCE

21. THANK YOU