Sedimentary Rock
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Sedimentary rocks are formed from the compaction and cementation of sediments like grains of sand, clay, and minerals. There are several types of sedimentary rocks including sandstone, made from quartz and feldspar grains; shale, made from compacted clay; limestone, made from minerals in evaporated seas; and conglomerate, made up of cemented sand and pebbles.
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Doc1
This document describes several types of sedimentary rocks: sandstone is made of quartz and feldspar grains; limestone forms from minerals in evaporated seas; shale compacts clay particles; conglomerate contains cemented sand and pebbles; and gypsum forms from the mineral sulfate in evaporated seas. Sedimentary rock in general results from the compaction and layering of sediment over time.
Wacke ( graywacke)
Graywacke, also known as wacke, is a type of sandstone that forms in deep marine environments from sediment transported short distances by turbidity currents. It is dark in color and composed of poorly sorted grains of quartz, feldspar and lithic fragments in a muddy matrix. Graywacke forms distinctive beds deposited by turbidity events, with grain size decreasing upwards due to settling from higher to lower energy during an event. Fossils are sometimes found in the shale layers between beds.
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This document discusses three main rock types: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It provides details on how each type forms, characteristics of each type, and examples of common rocks for each type. The concluding summary is that the described rock is likely an igneous rock based on its dark color and heavy weight.
Field Assignment Part 1
1) The document describes a geology student collecting and analyzing 5 rock samples near some railroad tracks in Firebaugh, California.
2) The first sample is identified as granite, an igneous rock that forms when magma cools underground.
3) The second sample is marble, a metamorphic rock formed from limestone.
4) The third sample is scoria, a volcanic rock with gas bubbles indicating it cooled quickly.
Rocks
Rocks form in three main types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - depending on their formation process. Igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens, sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments, and metamorphic rocks form through the alteration of existing rocks by heat, pressure, and chemical reactions. The main types of rocks each have distinguishing characteristics and provide clues about Earth's environmental history.
Rocks and minerals
This document discusses the three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from the accumulation of particles and can be found in places like river banks. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma and are located near volcanoes. Metamorphic rocks form from increases in temperature and pressure, such as Michelangelo's famous marble statue of David.
Rocks geol
Gneissic rock forms from metamorphism. Metamorphism changes the form, mineralogy, texture, and sometimes chemical composition of rocks through heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids. Gneissic rock has a banded appearance due to foliation and does not split easily. Quartz is another metamorphic rock that forms from sandstone and is very hard with fused quartz grains. Sedimentary rocks cover about 75% of land and ocean floors, forming from particles of eroded material transported and deposited by water, wind, glaciers or mass movement.
Mass movement
This document discusses weathering and mass movement. It defines weathering as the breaking down of rock without moving forces, while erosion involves moving forces like waves. It lists three types of weathering - salt crystal growth, acid rain, and biological weathering. The document also describes rotational slumping as a type of mass movement where rainfall saturates a clay cliff, making it heavier and causing rocks to slide down in a rotational manner.
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This document describes several types of sedimentary rocks: sandstone is made of quartz and feldspar grains; limestone forms from minerals in evaporated seas; shale compacts clay particles; conglomerate contains cemented sand and pebbles; and gypsum forms from the mineral sulfate in evaporated seas. Sedimentary rock in general results from the compaction and layering of sediment over time.
Wacke ( graywacke)
Graywacke, also known as wacke, is a type of sandstone that forms in deep marine environments from sediment transported short distances by turbidity currents. It is dark in color and composed of poorly sorted grains of quartz, feldspar and lithic fragments in a muddy matrix. Graywacke forms distinctive beds deposited by turbidity events, with grain size decreasing upwards due to settling from higher to lower energy during an event. Fossils are sometimes found in the shale layers between beds.
Anthracite Big Final Presentation
This document discusses three main rock types: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It provides details on how each type forms, characteristics of each type, and examples of common rocks for each type. The concluding summary is that the described rock is likely an igneous rock based on its dark color and heavy weight.
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1) The document describes a geology student collecting and analyzing 5 rock samples near some railroad tracks in Firebaugh, California.
2) The first sample is identified as granite, an igneous rock that forms when magma cools underground.
3) The second sample is marble, a metamorphic rock formed from limestone.
4) The third sample is scoria, a volcanic rock with gas bubbles indicating it cooled quickly.
Rocks
Rocks form in three main types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - depending on their formation process. Igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens, sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments, and metamorphic rocks form through the alteration of existing rocks by heat, pressure, and chemical reactions. The main types of rocks each have distinguishing characteristics and provide clues about Earth's environmental history.
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This document discusses the three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from the accumulation of particles and can be found in places like river banks. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma and are located near volcanoes. Metamorphic rocks form from increases in temperature and pressure, such as Michelangelo's famous marble statue of David.
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Gneissic rock forms from metamorphism. Metamorphism changes the form, mineralogy, texture, and sometimes chemical composition of rocks through heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids. Gneissic rock has a banded appearance due to foliation and does not split easily. Quartz is another metamorphic rock that forms from sandstone and is very hard with fused quartz grains. Sedimentary rocks cover about 75% of land and ocean floors, forming from particles of eroded material transported and deposited by water, wind, glaciers or mass movement.
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This document discusses weathering and mass movement. It defines weathering as the breaking down of rock without moving forces, while erosion involves moving forces like waves. It lists three types of weathering - salt crystal growth, acid rain, and biological weathering. The document also describes rotational slumping as a type of mass movement where rainfall saturates a clay cliff, making it heavier and causing rocks to slide down in a rotational manner.
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This document provides examples and descriptions of different types of rocks, including sedimentary (shale, sandstone, limestone), igneous (basalt, granite), and metamorphic (marble). The sedimentary rocks were described as being formed from layers of sand and mud 130-150 million years ago in Napa, CA. The igneous basalt was seen in Hawaii near a volcano and is estimated to be 23,000 years old. Granite was observed in Stanislaus National Forest with a coarse texture. Tennessee marble found in city hall was formed 4600 million years ago from bryozoan accumulations. Limestone in Hayward, CA city hall is 450 million years old Kasota stone
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The document summarizes several classification schemes for sandstone, focusing on the ternary QFL scheme that divides sandstones based on their quartz, feldspar, and lithic fragment composition as determined through point counting of thin sections. The document also describes various sandstone compositions including quartz arenite, feldspathic arenite/wacke, lithic wacke, and others; and discusses framework grains, matrix, cement, porosity, and the influence of provenance on sandstone composition.
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Rocks are composed of different minerals and there are three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from solidified magma or lava. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments and may include sandstone, shale, and limestone. Metamorphic rocks were once igneous or sedimentary rocks that were changed by heat and pressure in the Earth's crust, such as limestone metamorphosing into marble or shale into slate.
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This document describes and classifies the three main rock types - igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. It provides details on specific rock examples for each type, including their formation processes and common compositions. For igneous rocks like granite and gabbro, it discusses how they form from cooled magma and their mineral makeup. Metamorphic rocks such as schist, phyllite and marble are described as forming from existing rocks changed by heat and pressure. Sedimentary rocks including limestone, sandstone and shale are outlined as forming from compressed plant and animal debris.
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This document provides examples and descriptions of different types of rocks, including sedimentary (shale, sandstone, limestone), igneous (basalt, granite), and metamorphic (marble). The sedimentary rocks were described as being formed from layers of sand and mud 130-150 million years ago in Napa, CA. The igneous basalt was seen in Hawaii near a volcano and is estimated to be 23,000 years old. Granite was observed in Stanislaus National Forest with a coarse texture. Tennessee marble found in city hall was formed 4600 million years ago from bryozoan accumulations. Limestone in Hayward, CA city hall is 450 million years old Kasota stone
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Yosemite Valley provides examples of various geologic processes. It formed around 10 million years ago as the Sierra Nevada range uplifted, and glaciers later carved out the valleys. On a hike to Upper Yosemite Falls, the author documented different rock types and geologic features. Granite samples showed igneous intrusion, while talus slopes demonstrated mass wasting. Sediment deposition was seen in ice and conglomerate. Frost wedging and erosion illustrated ongoing weathering processes. Practical applications included a bridge utilizing the valley geology.
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The document summarizes several classification schemes for sandstone, focusing on the ternary QFL scheme that divides sandstones based on their quartz, feldspar, and lithic fragment composition as determined through point counting of thin sections. The document also describes various sandstone compositions including quartz arenite, feldspathic arenite/wacke, lithic wacke, and others; and discusses framework grains, matrix, cement, porosity, and the influence of provenance on sandstone composition.
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The document summarizes a field assignment where a student identified and collected various rock samples from Warthan Creek in Coalinga, California. The student found igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks and used a book to identify the samples based on their appearance, grain size, color, and patterns. The creek has eroded and deepened over time, exposing a wide variety of rocks deposited there from the surrounding hills and mountains.
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The document discusses three main types of rocks: sedimentary rocks which are formed from compressed layers of settled earth materials; metamorphic rocks which were once igneous or sedimentary rocks but were changed by heat and pressure; and igneous rocks which form from cooled lava either underground or from volcanoes. Examples of each rock type are provided.
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The document discusses three main types of rocks: sedimentary rocks which are formed from compressed layers of settled earth materials; metamorphic rocks which were once igneous or sedimentary rocks but were changed by heat and pressure; and igneous rocks which form from cooled lava either underground or from volcanoes. Examples of each rock type are provided.
Field research assignment
The document summarizes a field research assignment where the author visited several locations in California - Morro Bay, Columbia - to collect and analyze different rock samples. At Morro Bay beach, the author found a volcanic igneous dacite rock near Morro Rock, a sedimentary sandstone, and a metamorphic schist. In Columbia, the author panned for gold and found pyrite and garnet minerals formed in the local metamorphic rocks.
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There are three main rock types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - that each form in different ways and impact land use differently. Igneous rock forms from cooling magma and is very hard, making it suitable for construction but limiting farming. Sedimentary rock like limestone forms from compressed sediments and produces karst landscapes that attract tourism; it is also used widely in construction. Metamorphic rock forms from the alteration of other rock types under heat and pressure and shares properties of igneous and sedimentary rocks, allowing uses like marble in construction.
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1) The document identifies 5 different rocks: slate, sandstone (identified for 3 different rocks), and pumice.
2) For each rock, the document describes the texture, color, and sometimes location where the rock was found to help identify what type of rock it is.
3) Additional context is provided about the geological background of the Santa Monica Mountains and areas around Pyramid Lake where some of the rocks were discovered.
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The document discusses the materials that make up the Earth's surface, including minerals, rocks, and soil. It describes how minerals have properties like luster, color, and hardness. It explains that there are three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - and provides examples of each. Finally, it outlines the different types of soil, including sand, clay, and topsoil, and how each type impacts plant growth.
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The document discusses the three main types of rocks: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the compression of sediment layers over time. Metamorphic rocks were once sedimentary or igneous rocks, but were changed by heat and pressure. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma, either underground or from volcanic eruptions. Examples of each rock type are provided.
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The document discusses the three main types of rocks: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the compression of sediment layers over time. Metamorphic rocks were once sedimentary or igneous rocks, but were changed by heat and pressure. Igneous rocks form either underground from cooled magma or above ground from volcanic eruptions. Examples of each rock type are also provided.
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1) The document describes various rocks, geological features, and geological processes observed by the author. Samples include igneous basalt from Los Gatos Creek Park, sedimentary conglomerate and chert rocks, and metamorphic quartzite from La Rumorosa, Tijuana.
2) Additional observations include gravel from a creek bed, a dip-slip fault seen near the Kings River, stream erosion transporting rocks and sediment in Los Gatos Creek, rusting as an example of weathering on an outdoor metal tank, and a rock slide as an example of mass wasting along highway 198 near Coalinga, CA.
3) Details are provided on the location and descriptive features of each
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This document summarizes Jake Dawson's geology project on Lake Tahoe. It discusses the evolution of Kokanee salmon in Lake Tahoe, adapting from sockeye salmon during the Pleistocene epoch. It also describes the glacial formation of Emerald Bay through processes like U-shaped valleys and lateral moraines. Finally, it examines the igneous granite, metamorphic slate rock, and metasedimentary Tallac rocks found in the Lake Tahoe region.
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Rocks are composed of different minerals and there are three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from solidified magma or lava. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments and may include sandstone, shale, and limestone. Metamorphic rocks were once igneous or sedimentary rocks that were changed by heat and pressure in the Earth's crust, such as limestone metamorphosing into marble or shale into slate.
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The document summarizes a field/lab project conducted by Brisa Ramirez in the fall of 2010. They collected rock samples from a hillside located near the San Joaquin fault in California. The samples included quartz rocks, sandstone, basalt rocks, gabbro, a quartz pebble, and brown quartzite. Pictures and descriptions of the samples are provided. Additional pictures show the San Joaquin fault line, examples of weathering and erosion, different sedimentary environments, and structures like a bridge and dam that demonstrate practical applications of geology.
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This document describes and classifies the three main rock types - igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. It provides details on specific rock examples for each type, including their formation processes and common compositions. For igneous rocks like granite and gabbro, it discusses how they form from cooled magma and their mineral makeup. Metamorphic rocks such as schist, phyllite and marble are described as forming from existing rocks changed by heat and pressure. Sedimentary rocks including limestone, sandstone and shale are outlined as forming from compressed plant and animal debris.
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The document describes three main types of rocks:
1) Igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies, either deep underground or at the surface. Examples are granite, basalt, and obsidian.
2) Sedimentary rocks form from compression of sediments and contain layers and fossils. Examples are limestone, sandstone, and shale.
3) Metamorphic rocks form from changes to existing rocks through heat, pressure, and reaction with fluids. Examples are marble, slate, and gneiss.
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Sedimentary rock is formed through the weathering of existing rock into sediments by forces like weathering, erosion, and deposition. These sediments are then compacted and cemented into sedimentary rock over time. There are two main types of sedimentary rock - clastic sedimentary rock which is formed from compacted sediments, and chemical sedimentary rock which forms from minerals precipitating from water. Sedimentary rock can provide clues about Earth's history through features preserved in the rock like ripples, mud cracks, and fossils.
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The document discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling lava and can have large or small crystals depending on the cooling rate. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed sediments and contain fossils. Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks undergoing heat and pressure, and can have banded or non-banded textures.
Types Of Rocks
Sedimentary rocks form from the compaction and cementation of sediments and sometimes contain fossils. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma, either underground as intrusive rocks with large crystals or above ground as extrusive rocks with small crystals. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of existing rocks by heat, pressure, or chemical changes and may contain interlocking crystals or foliation.
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This document provides an overview of rocks and minerals. It begins by defining minerals as natural inorganic substances composed of elements arranged in crystalline structures. It notes that minerals are found in all rocks and can be exploited as ores. Most minerals make up rocks but some are gemstones. It then defines rocks as consolidated substances made of minerals, rock pieces, or fossils. Rocks form through geological processes at and below the Earth's surface. They can be categorized based on their appearance, composition, and formation process. The document outlines the three main rock groups - sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic - and the dynamic recycling of rocks through weathering, erosion, burial, deformation, melting and uplift.
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Igneous rocks form when magma cools and crystallizes either underground or at the surface. Sedimentary rocks form through the lithification of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from pre-existing rocks undergoing changes due to heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids in the Earth's crust. The rock cycle illustrates how igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are interrelated as they form and change over time through geological processes within the Earth.
Rocks.pptx
This document summarizes the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from the cooling and solidification of magma either below the surface (intrusive) or above (extrusive). Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks were once igneous or sedimentary rocks that were changed by heat, pressure, and chemical fluids within the Earth. Examples of each rock type are provided along with brief descriptions of their characteristics and formation processes.
GEOMORPHOLOGY-MINERALS AND ROCKS.pptx
Minerals and rocks can be classified in several ways. Metallic minerals include precious metals like gold and silver, and ferrous metals like iron. Non-metallic minerals do not contain metals and include sulfur and phosphates. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma and include intrusive granites and extrusive basalts. Sedimentary rocks form through deposition and lithification of sediments and make up 75% of the Earth's crust. Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks undergoing recrystallization under heat and pressure. Common minerals include feldspar, quartz, pyroxene, amphibole, mica and olivine.
Classifying_Rocks_Power_Point_Presentation.ppt
Rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from volcanic activity as either extrusive or intrusive rocks. Sedimentary rocks form through erosion, deposition, compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks that have changed due to heat, pressure, and chemical reactions deep within the earth. The rock cycle shows how rocks continuously change between these three classes through geological processes.
Classifying rocks power_point_presentation
Rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from volcanic activity as either extrusive or intrusive rocks. Sedimentary rocks form through erosion, deposition, compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks that are changed by heat and pressure in the earth's crust. The rock cycle shows how rocks continuously change between these three classes through geological processes.
Chapter 4 Rocks
This document provides an overview of the three main rock types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. It describes how igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma or lava. It distinguishes between intrusive igneous rocks which cool slowly underground, and extrusive rocks which cool rapidly above ground. For sedimentary rocks, it outlines the process of weathering, erosion, deposition and lithification. It classifies sedimentary rocks as clastic, chemical or organic based on their formation. Finally, it describes how intense heat and pressure can change other rock types into metamorphic rocks, and how they are classified based on mineral grain patterns.
Chapter 4 - Rocks
This document provides information about different types of rocks:
- Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and crystallizes. They can be intrusive (cooled slowly underground forming large crystals) or extrusive (cooled rapidly above ground forming small or no crystals).
- Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction or cementation of sediments like sand, clay, or shells. They include clastic rocks from rock/mineral fragments, chemical rocks from mineral precipitation, and organic rocks from plant and animal remains.
- Metamorphic rocks were originally igneous or sedimentary rocks that were changed by heat and pressure through processes like mountain building or contact with magma.
Rock formation
Sedimentary rock is formed from the compaction and lithification of layers of sediment over millions of years. Sandstone forms from quartz and feldspar minerals in sediment, and limestone forms from calcium carbonate from marine organisms. Igneous rock forms when magma cools and solidifies, such as granite. Metamorphic rock forms from the alteration of sedimentary or igneous rock under heat and pressure, changing the rock type, such as slate forming from shale and marble from limestone. Stone should be laid according to its natural bedding plane for maximum strength, or on its edge for overhanging features.
Geology
1) Gneiss is a common metamorphic rock formed from igneous or sedimentary rocks under high-grade regional metamorphism. It is medium- to coarse-foliated with little mica or other platy minerals.
2) Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock formed from limestone composed primarily of calcite. It is widely used as a building material.
3) Migmatite forms under extreme heat during metamorphism, where partial melting occurs in pre-existing rocks resulting in a mixture of newly crystallized and older resistant materials.
Rocks and Landscapes by Leanne
The document discusses the three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It describes the rock cycle by which rocks are formed from magma and transformed through weathering, sedimentation, and metamorphism. Key examples of rock types are discussed such as granite, limestone, chalk, slate, and marble.
Different types of_rocks-savvie
The document discusses three main types of rocks: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. It provides details about the formation of each. Igneous rocks form from cooled magma and their color depends on the cooling rate. Metamorphic rocks form deep underground from the heat and pressure changing one rock into another. Sedimentary rocks like sandstone, limestone, and shale form from compressed sediments and contain visible layers. The document includes examples of each rock type and notes that the author collected mostly metamorphic rocks.
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Sedimentary Rock
- 1. Sedimentary rock is lots of sediment that has been compacted together and formed layers. Limestone rocks are sedimentary Sandstone rocks are sedimentary. They are rocks made from minerals on the bed made from small grains of quartz and of evaporated seas. feldspar. A conglomerate rock is a sedimentary A shale rock is a sedimentary rock made rock. They are made up of stuff like from clay that is compacted together. sand and pebbles. It is cemented together with minerals. A gypsum rock is a sedimentary rock made of the sulphate mineral because of evaporating seas.