The document discusses the three main types of rocks: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the compression of sediment layers over time. Metamorphic rocks were once sedimentary or igneous rocks, but were changed by heat and pressure. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma, either underground or from volcanic eruptions. Examples of each rock type are provided.
This explains each rock in the Rock Cycle and is perfect to teach a lesson or to help you with homework. It explains how the rock is formed, it's properties and examples of the rocks.
Year 11 Powerpoint about 3 main types of rock and their characteristics. Looks at their distribution in the UK. Brief intoduction about Granite (in more detail)
This explains each rock in the Rock Cycle and is perfect to teach a lesson or to help you with homework. It explains how the rock is formed, it's properties and examples of the rocks.
Year 11 Powerpoint about 3 main types of rock and their characteristics. Looks at their distribution in the UK. Brief intoduction about Granite (in more detail)
Can you solve these questions please with clear explanation Describe.pdfAmansupan
Can you solve these questions please with clear explanation Describe the main difference
between Kaolinite and Montmorillonite clay minerals Differentiate between Sedimentary,
Igneous and metamorphic Rocks. Identify the main Transportation agents for the following
types of soil. Wind Sea (salt water) Lake (fresh water) River\" Ice
Solution
Minerals-Montmorillonite
Minerals-Kaolinite
The main difference between Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks, is the way that they
are formed, and their various textures.
Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks are formed when magma (or molten rocks) cool down, and become solid. High
temperatures inside the crust of the Earth cause rocks to melt, and this substance is known as
magma. Magma is the molten material that erupts during a volcano. This substance cools down
slowly, and causes mineralization to take place. Gradually, the size of the minerals increase until
they are large enough to be visible to the naked eye. Igneous rocks are mostly formed beneath
the Earth’s surface.
The texture of Igneous rocks can be referred to as Phaneritic, Aphaneritic, Glassy (or vitreous),
Pyroclastic or Pegmatitic. Examples of Igneous Rocks include granite, basalt and diorite.
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks are usually formed by sedimentation of the Earth’s material, and this
normally occurs inside water bodies. The Earth’s material is constantly exposed to erosion and
weathering, and the resulting accumulated loose particles eventually settle, and form
Sedimentary rocks. Therefore, one can say, that these types of rocks are formed slowly from the
sediments, dust and dirt of other rocks. Erosion takes place due to wind and water. After
thousands of years, the eroded pieces of sand and rock settle, and become compacted to form a
rock of their own.
Sedimentary rocks range from small clay-size rocks to huge boulder-size rocks. The textures of
Sedimentary rocks are mainly dependent on the parameters of the clast, or the fragments of the
original rock. These parameters can be of various types, such as surface texture, round, spherical
or in the form of grain. The most common type of Sedimentary rock is the Conglomerate, which
is caused by the accumulation of small pebbles and cobbles. Other types include shale, sandstone
and limestone, which is formed from clastic rocks and the deposition of fossils and minerals.
Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic rocks are the result of the transformation of other rocks. Rocks that are subjected to
intense heat and pressure change their original shape and form, and become Metamorphic rocks.
This change in shape is referred to as metamorphism. These rocks are commonly formed by the
partial melting of minerals, and re-crystallization. Gneiss is a commonly found Metamorphic
rock, and it is formed by high pressure, and the partial melting of the minerals contained in the
original rock.
Metamorphic rocks have textures like slaty, schistose, gneissose, granoblastic or hornfelsic.
Examples of these types .
3. Sedimentary Rocks
How They are Made
Wind and water break down the earthWind and water break down the earth
Bits of earth settle in lakes and riversBits of earth settle in lakes and rivers
Layers are formed and build upLayers are formed and build up
Pressure and time turn the layers to rockPressure and time turn the layers to rock
5. Metamorphic Rocks
What are They?
Rocks that have changedRocks that have changed
They were once igneous or sedimentaryThey were once igneous or sedimentary
Pressure and heat changed the rocksPressure and heat changed the rocks
7. Igneous Rocks
What are They?
Fire RocksFire Rocks
Formed underground by trapped, cooledFormed underground by trapped, cooled
magmamagma
Formed above ground when volcanoesFormed above ground when volcanoes
erupt and magma coolserupt and magma cools