This document introduces geography by defining it as the study of the Earth's physical features and human populations. It outlines the key objectives of studying geography, including understanding the differences between physical, environmental, and human geography. Some example topics within each category are provided, such as landforms and climate for physical geography, and population and agriculture for human geography. The document also briefly discusses the historical development of geography and identifies the five main themes of location, place, environment, movement, and regions.

1. Introduction to Geography.
NYAMBI SIKHULEKILE.

2. Objectives
 To know what Geography is and what it entails.
 To understand how physical , environmental, and human geography differ as fields of study
 To know the importance of studying Geography.
 To be able to identify and classify topics into these categories listed above.
 To know the historical development of Geography.
 To know the 5 main geography themes.

5. What is Geography.
 Geo (earth) + graphing (to write/ to describe)= Geography.
 Everywhere you look, you can find geography, and you can find yourself in it.
 It is the study of all the earth’s surface’s physical characteristics, such as its climate and the
distribution of people, animals, and plants (Emiliofarrari, 2010).
 It is a science that investigates the various elements of the planet, including landforms, rivers and
lakes, people and their cultures, as well as surface changes (Clara, 2008).
 Physical, environmental, and human geography are the categories.
 Geography is everywhere and we as human being also form part of it.

6. Physical Geography.
 Physical geography is the study of the
earth’s physical characteristics, including
the atmosphere we live in, the land and
oceans, the landforms, and natural
disasters like earthquakes, volcanoes,
droughts, and even floods (Heath, 2016).
 Explores the planet’s various features,
including the solar system, terrain,
climate, minerals, and resources.

7. Human Geography
 The study of where and how people live is known as human geography,
and it includes topics such as settlements, economies, communications,
population, and quality of life.
 Focuses on the human components of geography, such as racial groups,
languages, cultures, religions, and political philosophies (Heath, 2016).
 A combination of physical geography and human geography is
environmental geography.

8. Few Topics In Physical geography.
 Rocks and minerals
 Landforms and soils
 Animals
 Water
 Plants
 Atmosphere
 Climate and weather
 Rivers and other water bodies.

9. Few Topics In Human Geography.
 Population
 Settlement
 Agricultural Systems
 Political systems
 Social traditions
 Recreational activities
 Economic activities
 transportation

10. Historical development of Geography.
 When explorers started venturing to unknown countries more than 4000
years ago, the first real geographical investigations were conducted.
 The Ancient Egyptians, Chinese, and Egyptian civilizations were starting to
scout out new territory both inside and outside of their own countries.
 An ancient clay tablet map from Babylonia that was discovered in an
archeological dig in 2300 BC provides the earliest proof of geographic
exploration (Airlangga, 2015).

11. Why Is Geography Important?
 It enables us to learn about events taking place in our
immediate environment.
 The quality of people’s lives is a major concern.
 Man is now able to read and comprehend maps.
 It instills in us an awareness of ecological issues and
the importance of preserving the delicate ecosystem’s
balance on a local and global scale.
 It provides us with information about the world
around us.

12. Five Themes Of Geography.
 According to Thomasen (2010), there are five major themes in Geography. These are:
 1. Location- what is the location of places.
 2. Place- character of a place.
 3. Environment- interaction of human beings with the natural environment of a certain place.
 4. Movement- how goods, ideas, and people move into and out of places.
 5. Regions- similarities and differ between places.

13. Reference List.
 Emilioferrari. (2010). Unit 0 introduction to geography d. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/emilioferrari/unit-0-introduction-to-geography-d?from_search=5
(Accessed 18 August 2023).
 Heath, S. (2016). Welcome to geography- introduction. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/stevenheath148/welcome-to-geography-introduction?from_search=3
(Accessed 18 August 2023).
 Clara, A. (2008). What is Geography. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/apdomingo/what-is-geography-526342 (Accessed 18 August 2023).
 Airlangga, I. (2015). What Is geography history. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/ImamAirlannga/what-is-geography-history (Accessed 18 August 2023).
 Thomasen, S. (2010). Geography introduction. Available from slideshare at
https://www.slideshare.net/sthomasen/geography-introduction (Accessed 18 August 2023)