Delivered for logic and critical thinking course at Institut Teknologi Bandung's School of Business Management (SBM-ITB).

2. INTRODUCTION
www.linkedin.com/in/goutama

3. Presenter Profile
 15 years of experiences: 12 years of Training and Education, 8
years of IT Audit, 7 years of strategic partnership, 8 years of
writing and development, 6+ years of consulting and project
management
 Advisor at Global Innovations and Technology Platform
 VP - Head of Information Technology at Roligio Group
 Subject Matter Expert at ISACA
 Program Evaluator at Project Management Institute
 Association of Educational Communication and Technology
International Division Committee
 Contributor for ZDNet Asia, Forbes Indonesia, Youth Marketers,
e27.co, The Jakarta Post, DetikINET and InfoKomputer among
others

4. Today’s Agenda
Redefining Logic
Why Important?
Common Sense
Ways of Thinking
Logic in Business
Why so Important?
Logic Competency
in Business

5. Redefining Logic
 No relevancy with gender, age issues
 Result yielded from human brain
 Driven by skeptical and critical state-of-
mind then raised critical thinking
 To have a common ground about
something

6. Why Important?
 Human is “Ubermensch” (Nietzsche, 1944)
 Help us learning to think properly
 Focus our mind so we can come up with a logical
solution
 More rational in our decisions
 Helps other understand reasoning behind issues which
could be applied in other issues as well

7. Common Sense
 Determines what we do, regardless of what we think
 For if we use logic alone, we would probably be able to
take only a few actions a day
 Helps us to deal with real world complexity
 Provides shortcut to making critical decisions very
quickly
 Sometimes will produce desired results whenever we
need to make a decision quickly, but not always

8. Ways of Thinking
 Trainable, programmable (method,
technique)
 Some are: Out-of-the-box, Critical,
Strategic, Lateral, Programmatic
 Independent from human brain capacity
 Involved big and little, left and right brain

9. Thinking Out-of-the-Box
 Encompasses 1.5kg, 1200cm3, 86 billion neurons and
16.3 billion cerebral cortex human brains
 Against mainstream
 Brings creativity and even more innovation
 Within inside VS outside the norm

10. Critical Thinking
“A desire to seek, patience to doubt,
fondness to meditate, slowness to assert,
readiness to consider, carefulness to
dispose and set in order; and hatred for
every kind of imposture.” – Francis Bacon
(1605)

11. Critical Thinking (cont’d)
Primarily concerned with judging true value of statements
and seeking errors
“Your MAP is NOT your TERRITORY” – Richard Bandler
and John Grinder NLP Co-Founders (1979)
Common Stages
1. Identify, define and clarify the problem
2. Gather information
3. Evaluate information
4. Choose the best alternative and present them
5. Implement the solution

12. Strategic Thinking
• Ability to see the total enterprise, to spot the trends and
understand the competitive landscape, to see where
the business needs to go and to lead it into the future
• Needs strong foundation of critical thinking
 Thinking process applied by an individual in the context
of achieving success in particular endeavor
 Mostly utilized for or within strategic planning process

13. Strategic Thinking (cont’d)

14. Lateral Thinking
 Popularized by Psychologist Dr. Edward de Bono
(within his book, 1975)
 Logical ('vertical') thinking carries a chosen idea
forward, sideways ('lateral') thinking provokes fresh
ideas or changes the frame of reference

15. Lateral Thinking (cont’d)

16. Programmatic Thinking
 Trending due to Neuro-Linguistic
Programming (NLP) Richard Bandler and
John Grinder
 How to program our minds with our words
 Targets unconscious minds in particular
 Sublimed and in the end change our
behavior

17. Logic in Business
 Consists of unwritten rules, which set up a framework
for companies’ mode of action and possibilities for
custom-oriented actions.
 Sloan Jr. (1950, p 58) ”There is a logical way of doing
business in accordance with the facts and
circumstances of an industry… ”
 Then what need to do? Understand, adapt to it or to
break with it, thereby creating something new
 Way of thinking utilized by business executives

18. Why So Important?
 Part of business decision making process
 Utilized for scientific approach
 Objective, waive the subjectivity
 Solid, firm baseline
 Arguable, debatable
 Requires for quantitative analysis
 Complements qualitative analysis

19. Why So Important? (cont’d)
Understanding the logic in business
and reasoning behind a given aspect
of reality
We may be able to adapt, grow,
leverage and capitalize using the
same reasoning particularly in
challenging situation

20. Why So Important? (cont’d)
 Logic link cause to effect, action to reaction and input to
output in business world
 By finding result, we use logic to analyze
 Basis of learning methodology and decision making
 Bad logic link effect to false cause (“Fallacy”)
 Catalyst of reason, the foundation of experimentation
and the weakness of a lie

21. Why So Important? (cont’d)
 When applied in strategic management
process, it involves generation and
application of unique business insights and
opportunities
 In the end, it is aimed to form competitive
advantage of an organization
 Done individually or collaboratively to shape
organization’s future

22. Logic Competency in Business
Citing Jeanne Liedtka (1998)
 Systems perspective
Understand implications of strategic actions and has
complete end-to-end system of value creation, his or
her role within it
 Intent focused
To marshal and leverage their energy, to focus
attention, to resist distraction, and to concentrate at the
max achieving a goal

23. Logic Competency in Business (cont’d)
 Thinking in time
Hold past, present and future in mind at same time
creating better decision making and speed
implementation
Hypothesis driven
Ensuring creative and critical thinking incorporated into
strategy making
Intelligent opportunism
Being responsive to good opportunities

24. 11 March 2014
Q & A

25. THANK YOU!