The document discusses applications of nanotechnology in the aerospace industry. It describes how nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes can be used to create lighter and stronger aircraft components, reducing weight and improving fuel efficiency. Specifically, nanotubes may replace wiring to lower weight, form deicing coatings applied by paint to prevent ice buildup, and create transparent conductive canopies. Overall, the integration of nanotechnology promises to advance aerospace technologies through new high-performance materials.
A NANOTECHNOLOGY AIRCRAFT WITH STEALTH TECHNOLOGYIJRISE Journal
The success of the Aviation Industry (Defense) depends on various factors ranging from less visibility, reduction
of weight, availability of materials with multifunctional properties, carrying more payload, eco-friendly fuels, less fuel
consumption, faster and highly responsive communication systems, less or no repairs, extended and safe life, reduced time
frame of development cycle from concept to implementation and many more. Nanotechnology is recognized as a very strong
innovation driver and is therefore seen as a strategic technology for the world’s future economy. Nano-materials with their
exceptional multifunctional properties may transform the functioning of aviation (Defense) industry dramatically. Stealth
properties give it the unique ability to penetrate an enemy's most sophisticated defenses and threaten its most valued and
heavily defended targets. Stealth refers to the act of trying to hide or evade detection. It is not so much a technology as
a concept that incorporates a broad series of technologies and design features. Stealth does not always refer to radar.
Reducing an aircraft's heat signature is also important. This is usually done by channeling the engine exhaust through long
tubes and mixing it with cooler outside air. This paper shows the modern aviation design requirements like faster, miniature,
highly maneuverable, self-healing, intelligence guided, smart, eco-friendly, light weight warrant for materials with
extraordinary mechanical and multifunctional properties with stealth technology. Stealth technology is the use of special
radar absorbent materials, flat angular surface design and other techniques to minimize the amount of radiation r eflected to
a radar installation, causing an aircraft to appear as a much smaller signal or not at all. Stealth means 'low observable'.
A NANOTECHNOLOGY AIRCRAFT WITH STEALTH TECHNOLOGYIJRISE Journal
The success of the Aviation Industry (Defense) depends on various factors ranging from less visibility, reduction
of weight, availability of materials with multifunctional properties, carrying more payload, eco-friendly fuels, less fuel
consumption, faster and highly responsive communication systems, less or no repairs, extended and safe life, reduced time
frame of development cycle from concept to implementation and many more. Nanotechnology is recognized as a very strong
innovation driver and is therefore seen as a strategic technology for the world’s future economy. Nano-materials with their
exceptional multifunctional properties may transform the functioning of aviation (Defense) industry dramatically. Stealth
properties give it the unique ability to penetrate an enemy's most sophisticated defenses and threaten its most valued and
heavily defended targets. Stealth refers to the act of trying to hide or evade detection. It is not so much a technology as
a concept that incorporates a broad series of technologies and design features. Stealth does not always refer to radar.
Reducing an aircraft's heat signature is also important. This is usually done by channeling the engine exhaust through long
tubes and mixing it with cooler outside air. This paper shows the modern aviation design requirements like faster, miniature,
highly maneuverable, self-healing, intelligence guided, smart, eco-friendly, light weight warrant for materials with
extraordinary mechanical and multifunctional properties with stealth technology. Stealth technology is the use of special
radar absorbent materials, flat angular surface design and other techniques to minimize the amount of radiation r eflected to
a radar installation, causing an aircraft to appear as a much smaller signal or not at all. Stealth means 'low observable'.
History.
Definition.
Techniques of nanotechnology.
Application in nanotechnology.(Nanomedicine,)
(Nanoelectronics,Nanoagriculture,Nanospace and many others)
Advantages of nanotechnology.
Disadvantages of nanotechnology.
Conclusion.
IT CONSISTS OF :
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF NANOMATERIALS
WHY NANOTECHNOLOGY
APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
FUTURE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
It contains information about Carbon nanotubes which are extensively used in nanotechnology for various puposes. It discusses various types of CNTs along with the three main ways to synthesize them. The three main ways are Arc Discharge, Laser Ablation and Chemical Vapour Deposition. It also discusses various applications os CNTs and their properties.
know more about nanomaterials and its apllication in future as well as current situation, and what wil we reserch on basis of nanomaterials and carbon structure and its aplication in such futuriastic manner.
History.
Definition.
Techniques of nanotechnology.
Application in nanotechnology.(Nanomedicine,)
(Nanoelectronics,Nanoagriculture,Nanospace and many others)
Advantages of nanotechnology.
Disadvantages of nanotechnology.
Conclusion.
IT CONSISTS OF :
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF NANOMATERIALS
WHY NANOTECHNOLOGY
APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
FUTURE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
It contains information about Carbon nanotubes which are extensively used in nanotechnology for various puposes. It discusses various types of CNTs along with the three main ways to synthesize them. The three main ways are Arc Discharge, Laser Ablation and Chemical Vapour Deposition. It also discusses various applications os CNTs and their properties.
know more about nanomaterials and its apllication in future as well as current situation, and what wil we reserch on basis of nanomaterials and carbon structure and its aplication in such futuriastic manner.
Nanotechnology PPT
Presented by Kapil Kumar, Jayesh Kumar, Manu Kumar , Madhusudan Kaushik
Mechnical Engineering , 3rd Sem. (2020-21)
Galgotia's College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, UP
What’s New Nanocat Poster Session Student Topic List St.docxphilipnelson29183
What’s New Nanocat? Poster Session: Student Topic List
Stain Resistant Clothes
Manufacturers are embedding fine-spun fibers into fabric to confer stain resistance on
khaki pants and other products. These “nanowhiskers” act like peach fuzz and create a
cushion of air around the fabric so that liquids bead up and roll off. Each nanowhisker is
only ten nanometers long, made of a few atoms of carbon. To attach these whiskers to
cotton, the cotton is immersed in a tank of water full of billions of nanowhiskers. Next, as
the fabric is heated and water evaporates, the nanowhiskers form a chemical bond with
cotton fibers, attaching themselves permanently. The whiskers are so tiny that if a cotton
fiber were the size of a tree trunk, the whiskers would look like fuzz on its bark. Nano-
resistant fabric created by NanoTex is already available in clothing available at stores like
Eddie Bauer, The Gap, and Old Navy. This innovation will impact not only khaki wearers,
but also dry cleaners who will find their business declining, and detergent makers who
will find less of their project moving off the shelf. Nanoparticles (e.g., of silver) could also
be introduced to destroy microbes and create odor-resistant cloths.
More information:
• Fancy pants:
http://www.sciencentral.com/articles/view.php3?article_id=218391840&cat=3_5
• Nano fiber finishing: http://www.textileinfo.com/en/tech/nanotex/page02.html
• Odor-resistant products: http://www.physorg.com/news1373.html
Paint That Resists Chipping
On cars, special nanopaints that hold up better to weathering, are more resistant to
chipping and have richer and brighter colors than traditional pigments. The paints contain
tiny ceramic particles added to a liquid clearcoat. The particles link and create a very
dense and smoothly structured network that provides a protective layer.
More information:
• Mercedes-Benz Nano Paint (3 page article on benefits, material, and paint
process):
http://www.auto123.com/en/info/news/news,view.spy?artid=21942&pg=1
• Nanotechnology improves paint gloss:
http://www.canadiandriver.com/articles/jk/040407.htm
• Mercedes tougher, shinier nanopaint:
http://www.supanet.com/motoring/testdrives/news/40923/
Paint That Cleans the Air
Chinese scientists have announced that they have even invented nanotech-based coating
material that acts as a permanent air purifier. If the coating proves to be effective at air
cleaning, it will be gradually used on buildings across Shanghai in order to improve the
city's air quality. The core of the material is a titanic-oxide-based compound that
comprises particles at nanoscale achieved by advanced nanotechnology. Exposed under
5-S3
sunlight, the substance can automatically decompose the major ingredients that cause air
pollution such as formaldehyde and nitride.
More information:
• Paint to help clean and purify the air:
http://english.eastday.com/eastday/englishedition/metro/userobject1ai710823.html.
This is a seminar paper I prepared on Bucky paper. Since this topic is rarely available on the net, I'm sharing my paper with yáll. Hope this is helpful.
The emergence of nanotechnology in th1980’s was caused by convergence of experimental advances such as the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope in 1981 and the discovery of fullerenes in 1985. Now the nanotechnology products are used in various fields such as medical, material science, automobile etc. In this topic the various applications of nanotechnology in the renewable energy sources exploitation have been discussed.
brief description on how nano technology and carbon nanotubes work in engineering...future scope of carbon nano tubes and development of existing machines with nanoparticles
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
4. 0.22 m
Fullerenes C60
22 cm 0.7 nm
10 millions
times smaller
1 billion
times smaller
WHAT IS NANOSCALE?
12,756 km
1.27 × 107 m 0.7 × 10-9 m
5.
6. WHY ATOMIC LEVEL(NANO SCALE)?
Nano materials are intermediate in size between isolated atoms ,
molecules and bulk materials . At this scale, matter shows exceptional
properties.
1.Due to smallness, mass is small. Electro- magnetic forces become
dominant.
2.Increased surface-to-volume ratio.
3.Quantum confinement . Due to smallness, electrons are confined in
space . This results in changes in electronic and optical properties.
Regardless of whether we consider nano or bulk, its physical and
chemical properties depend a lot on its surface properties.
7. HOW DO YOU BUILD SOMETHING SO SMALL?
“Top-down approach” – building something by starting
with a larger component and carving away material (like
a sculpture).
In nanotechnology: patterning (using photolithography)
and etching away material, as in building integrated
circuits
“Bottom-up approach” – building something by
assembling smaller components (like building a car
engine).
In nanotechnology: self-assembly of atoms and
molecules, as in chemical and biological systems
8. NANO MATERIALS
1.CARBON BASED
These nanomaterials are composed mostly of carbon, most
commonly taking the form of a hollow spheres, ellipsoids, or
tubes. Spherical and ellipsoidal carbon nanomaterials are
referred to as fullerenes, while cylindrical ones are called
nanotubes.
2.METAL BASED
These nanomaterials include quantum dots (closely packed
semiconductor crystal comprised of hundreds or thousands of
atoms, and whose size is on the order of a few nanometers to a
few hundred nanometers), nanogold, nanosilver and metal
oxides, such as titanium dioxide. Changing the size of quantum
dots changes their optical properties.
9.
10. 3. DENDRIMERS
These nanomaterials are nanosized polymers built from
branched units. The surface of a dendrimer has numerous chain
ends, which can be tailored to perform specific chemical
functions.
4.COMPOSITES
Composites combine nanoparticles with other nanoparticles or
with larger, bulk-type materials. Nanoparticles, such as
nanosized clays, are already being added to products ranging
from auto parts to packaging materials, to enhance mechanical,
thermal, barrier, and flame-retardant properties.
11. CARBON NANO TUBE (CNT)
CNTs also known
as buckytubes
are allotropes of
carbon with a
cylindrical
nanostructure.
Nanotubes have
been constructed
with length-to-
diameter ratio of up
to 132,000,000:1
carbon nanotube,
the strongest and
stiffest materials
discovered till to
date
12. Properties of Nano Tubes
• Strength :- Carbon nanotubes are the strongest and stiffest
materials yet discovered in terms of tensile
strength and elastic modulus respectively.
• Hardness:- The hardness of compressed SWNTs is 462–546
GPa, surpassing the value of 420 GPa for diamond
• Electrical:- In theory, metallic nanotubes can carry an
electrical current density of 4 × 109 A/cm2 which is more than
1,000 times greater than metals such as copper.
• Thermal:- All nanotubes are expected to be very good thermal
conductors along the tube, the temperature stability of carbon
nanotubes is estimated to be up to 2800 °C in vacuum and
about 750 °C in air.
18. WHAT DOES THE INDUSTRY WANT?
Materials that are:
Lighter
Stronger
More Durable(fatigue
and corrosion)
Resistant to Extreme
Conditions
Also interested in
materials that have
unique properties http://www.washingtonstatewire.com/admin/contentmanager/photos/1914090722%
20Boeing%20787.jpg
20. ADVANCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Nano Fibers are laid out in
tape or fabric form
put in a mold under heat and
pressure.
The resin matrix flows over
nano fibers
Heat is removed and it
solidifies.
It can be formed into various
shapes. In some cases,
these fibers are wound
tightly to increase strength.
http://people.sabanciuniv.edu/~yusufm/research/composite.jp
g
21. ADVANCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Traditionally used: Aluminum
metal
Aluminum made planes
heavier, consume more fuel
Fiberglass was first used in
the Boeing 707 passenger jet
in the 1950s, only 2% of the
structure.
Now , about one-third of the
structure of the commercial
planes uses composites
Composites are stronger
Composites makes aircrafts
lighter :~ 20% lighter
Fuel efficient
22. SPACE ELEVATOR
A space elevator is a proposed
type of space transportation
system .
Its main component is a ribbon-
like cable anchored to the
surface and extending into
space.
It is designed to permit vehicle
transport along the cable from a
planetary surface, such as the
Earth's, directly into space or
orbit, without the use of large
rockets.
23. BUCKY PAPER
Buckypaper is a thin sheet made from an aggregate of carbon
nanotubes or carbon nanotube grid paper. Originally, it was
fabricated as a way to handle carbon nanotubes.
Buckypaper is a macroscopic aggregate of carbon nanotubes
(CNT), or "buckytubes". It owes its name to
the buckminsterfullerene, the 60
carbon fullerene (an allotrope of carbon with similar bonding that
is sometimes referred to as a "Buckyball" in honor of R.
Buckminster Fuller).
Buckypaper is one tenth the weight yet potentially 500 times
stronger than steel when its sheets are stacked to form a
composite. It could disperse heat like brass or steel and it could
conduct electricity like copper or silicon.
24.
25. AEROSPACE PAINT AND SEALANT
Sealants to seal the structures
like fuel tanks, aerodynamic
sealing, and windshield
installation
PPG Aerospace chromate-free
de-paint/repaint process
includes a epoxy primer
Based on nanotechnology
Environment friendly
Better adhesion
Corrosion resistant
http://www.aerospace-technology.com/contractors/paints/ppg-
aerospace/ppg-aerospace3.html
26. DEICING
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8504734.stm
http://www.nano.org.uk/news/370/
•When a plane is in the air, icing
can occur
•plane’s performance suffers and
disasters can occur.
•Currently used techniques:
•use bleed air: heating the
surface with engine bleed
air
•mechanical boot: breaking
the bond between surface
and ice
• Issues:
•Too complex,
•too heavy
•draws too much power to
be effective
27. DEICING
Solution by scientists at Battelle, U. K, deicing
fluid
is based on nano technology
weighs 1/100th of current ice protection systems
uses simple painting methods
can be applied to a variety of curved surfaces without
needing a custom heater pad design.
How?
sprayed on planes prior to flight.
carbon nanotube coating is applied to surfaces then
energize that coating using the plane’s on-board
electrical system.
causes the nanotube coating to heat up, thus preventing
ice from forming.
28. “Miniaturisation has obvious advantages in terms of
reducing the weight of cables and thus the overall
weight of the aircraft, helping to lower fuel costs. The
huge number of cables installed in a modern military
aircraft can have a significant impact on an its
weight.”
29. MILITARY APPLICATIONS
Satellites weighing 15 tons or
more derive 1/3 of their weight
from copper harnesses( an
assembly of cables or wires
which transmit signals or
electrical power).
Boeing 747 uses up to 135
miles of copper wire that can
weight more than 4000
pounds
Copper wires also oxidize and
corrode, are susceptible to
vibration fatigue, and create
premature electronics failures
due to overheating conditions.
Tiny carbon nanotubes
(CNTs) are set to replace
traditional copper wiring in
aircraft applications.http://base1.googlehosted.com/base_media?q=http://www.capitolsupply.
com/ImageServer.ashx%3Ft%3Dproduct%26h%3D200%26w%3D200%2
6imageid%3DCS8516813&size=20&dhm=fdfe56f1&hl=en
30. MILITARY APPLICATIONS
Conductive coating to
be used on jet fighter
canopies - clear
bubbles that cover
planes' cockpits
Coating will improve
electromagnetic
shielding and
electrostatic discharge
to prevent electronic
disruption
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/F-16_June_2008.jpg/800px-
F-16_June_2008.jpg
31.
32. POSSIBILITIES FOR THE FUTURE
Nanotechnology may make it possible to manufacture lighter, stronger, and
programmable materials that
require less energy to produce than conventional material
and that promise greater fuel efficiency in land transportation, ships,
aircraft, and space vehicles.
The future of nanotechnology could very well include the use of
nanorobotics.
These nanorobots have the potential to take on human tasks as well as tasks
that humans could never complete. The rebuilding of the depleted ozone
layer could potentially be able to be performed.
There would be an entire nano surgical field to help cure everything from
natural aging to diabetes to bone spurs.
33. DRAWBACKS
Nano-particles can get into the body through the skin, lungs and digestive
system, thus creating free radicals that can cause cell damage.
Once nano-particles are in the bloodstream, they will be able to cross the
blood-brain barrier.
The most dangerous Nano-application use for military purposes is the
Nano-bomb that contain engineered self multiplying deadly viruses that
can continue to wipe out a community, country or even a civilization.
34. CONCLUSION
Even though nanotechnology is a fairly new area, it has incredible
potential and is a really exciting area to be involved in.
Many of the applications discussed here are speculative to say the
least. However, they do not appear to violate the laws of physics.
The time-to-nanotechnology will be measured in decades, not
years. While a few applications will become feasible in the next few
years.
The time-to-nanotechnology is very sensitive to the level of effort
expended. Resources allocated to developing nanotechnology are
likely to be richly rewarded, particularly in the long term.
In recent years every country is showing a lot of interest regarding
the space exploration programs . And, hence let's expect a faster
growth of nanotechnology in aerospace-applications.