Nanotechnology involves engineering functional systems at the molecular scale from about 1 to 100 nanometers. It was first conceptualized in 1959 and involves controlling or manipulating individual atoms and molecules. Governments have invested billions in nanotechnology research, with the US, Europe, and Japan investing the most. Nanotechnology has applications in medicine such as cancer drugs, vaccines, diabetes monitoring, and malaria prevention. It is also used in electronics, energy storage and production, manufacturing, and other fields. Overall, nanotechnology opens up possibilities for improved infrastructure monitoring, traffic management, crime prevention, batteries, and solar panels.

1. NANO TECHNOLOGY
Ibrahim Kazanci
www.KAZANCI.ca
www.QUALITIA.com

2. WHAT IS NANO TECHNOLOGY
• Technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances
of less than 100 nanometers
• Engineering of functional system at the molecular
stages
• Study of extremely small things used across all the
other science fields
• Conducted in nano scale which is about 1 to 100
nanometers
• Commonly termed as nanoscale technology

3. HOW IT STARTED
• Concept developed by Richard Feynman known
as the father of nanotechnology
• Developed in 29 December, 1959
• Professor Norio Taniguchi casted the term
nanotechnology

4. FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND INTERESTING FACTS
➢Involves ability to see and control atoms and
molecules
➢There are 25,400,000 nanometers in an inch
➢A sheet of newspaper is about 100,000 nanometers
thick
➢On a comparative scale, if a marble was one
nanometer, then one meter would be the size of the
earth
➢It is impossible to see them with the microscope used
in high schools

5. GOVERNMENT INTEREST AND INVESTMENT
3.7 billion dollars
1.2 billion dollars
750 million dollars
USA
EUROPE
JAPAN

6. GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS
1st
• Dispersed and contacted nanostructures e.g.. aerosols, colloids
• Products incorporating nanostructures e.g. coatings,
nanoparticles
2nd
• Bio-active, health effects. e.g. targeted drugs, bio devices
• Physic-chemical active. e.g. 3D transistors, amplifiers etc.
3rd
• Guided assembling , 3D networking
• Hierarchical architectures , robotics, revolutionary
4th • Molecular devices by design, atomic design and emerging
functions
2000
2005
2010
2015-2020

7. USES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE
➢Nanoparticles used in three anti cancer drugs
➢Protein field nanoparticles that can be used as
inhalable vaccines to stimulate immune
responses
➢Graphene based device is under construction to
monitor diabetes
➢Nano mimics can be used to block malaria to
spread to new red blood cells
➢University of Washington has developed a
nanoparticle that carries protein which works as
a vaccine to stimulate response

8. NANO TECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS
➢ Split-ring resonators made of
metamaterials can generate Tera-
hertz frequency signals
➢Sensor using silver Nano wires for
robotics and prosthetics
➢Antennas made of graphene are used to
communicate between Nano machines
➢ Optical switch have been made that can
be switched On or Off by moving a single
silver atom

9. NANO TECHNOLOGY IN ENERGY
➢Layers of graphene separated by pillars of
boron nitrate nanotubes could be used to store
hydrogen in cars
➢Magnesium Nano crystal and graphene may be
useful in storing hydrogen for use in fuel cells
➢Flexible layers of nonporous germanium can be
used in light weight solar cells for mobile uses

10. NANO TECHNOLOGY IN MANUFACTURING
➢Silver nanowires are used to make transparent,
flexible and conductive films
➢Carbon Nano tubes coated with diamonds can be
used in sawblades that reduce the waste
production while cutting precious materials
➢ Desktop nanofabrication tool has been
developed that uses beam-pen lithography arrays
to create nanoscale structures
➢Molecular motor have been demonstrated that
can be controlled by electrons which can be
helpful in medical areas

11. CONCLUSION
• This opens up the possibility of placing sensors at lots of points over critical
infrastructure. Bridges, aircraft and even nuclear power plants could benefit.
• Using many sensors, "big data" from traffic sensors can be used to help manage
congestion and prevent accidents, or prevent crime by using statistics to more
effectively allocated police resources.
• It has helped create batteries that can store more energy for electric cars and has
enabled solar panels to convert more sunlight into electricity.

12. Ibrahim Kazanci
www.KAZANCI.ca
www.QUALITIA.com