Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
A concise and brief presentation on cleaning and shaping of root canals. Colorful and well pictured. Ideal for UG students and PG students to get a good understanding of BMP techniques.
Introduction
History
Bleaching agent
Classification of Bleaching technique.
Vital bleaching technique
Effect of vital bleaching on tooth structure
Effect of vital bleaching on tetracycline stain
Effect of vital bleaching on Fluorosis stain
Effect of vital bleaching on restorative material
Conclusion
References
A concise and brief presentation on cleaning and shaping of root canals. Colorful and well pictured. Ideal for UG students and PG students to get a good understanding of BMP techniques.
Introduction
History
Bleaching agent
Classification of Bleaching technique.
Vital bleaching technique
Effect of vital bleaching on tooth structure
Effect of vital bleaching on tetracycline stain
Effect of vital bleaching on Fluorosis stain
Effect of vital bleaching on restorative material
Conclusion
References
Surgical endodontics (Apicectomy) by Dr. Amit T. Suryawanshi, Oral Surgeon, ...All Good Things
Hi. This is Dr. Amit T. Suryawanshi. Oral & Maxillofacial surgeon from Pune, India. I am here on slideshare.com to share some of my own presentations presented at various levels in the field of OMFS. Hope this would somehow be helpful to you making your presentations. All the best.
A root canal is often the alternative to pulling a tooth. It is used to save your own natural tooth as opposed to having a tooth extraction, which in this case a dental bridge or dental implant will be needed to restore the missing tooth for proper functioning.
Flyer for one day seminar for surgeons and gastroenterologists showcasing innovative technologies in endosurgery and robotic surgery
Sept 19, 2011 New Delhi
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Dental Lab steps from mould preparation to finish/ dental education in indiaIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Root canal sealers /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Electrolytic processes in restorative dentisrty /certified fixed orthodontic...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
12.dental ceramics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academyIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Selection of denture base and teeth for rpd /certified fixed orthodontic cour...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Resin bonded prosthesis /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Dental amalgam /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
dental amalgam restorative materials of silver alloysRenu710209
silver mercury alloys are commonly used restorative materials in dentry. they are one of the self sealing long lasting restorative material in dentistry
Resin bonded bridges/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Die materials /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Similar to Root canal end filling materials /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy (20)
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
Root canal end filling materials /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
1. INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in Continuing Dental Education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
2. CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. IDEAL REQUIREMENTS OF A ROOT END
FILLING MATERIAL
3. VARIOUS ROOT END FILLING MATERIALS
4. MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
5. CONCLUSION
6. REFERENCES
www.indiandentalacademy.com
3. INTRODUCTION
Objective of all endodontic
procedures
Apical resection or
apicectomy followed by root
end filling (Retrograde
Filling)
A wide variety of root end
filling materials
www.indiandentalacademy.com
4. IDEAL REQUIREMENTS OF ROOT END
FILLING MATERIALS
Biocompatible Readily available,
easy to handle
Insoluble
Non-corossive
Adhesive Radiopaque
Bacteriocidal or Electrochemically
inactive
Bacteriostatic
Promote
Dimensionally stable Cementogenesis
www.indiandentalacademy.com
7. CONCERNS IN THE USE OF AMALGAM
AS A ROOT END FILLING
Type of Amalgam (High Cu Vs
conventional, Zinc Vs Non- zinc)
Leakage
Tissue compatibility
Preparation and manipulation
Electric potential
Pigmentation or argyria
www.indiandentalacademy.com
8. Type of Amalgam (High Cu Vs Conventional,
Zinc Vs Non-zinc)
Alloy of silver, tin, copper & zinc with small
amounts of Indium and palladium.
% of components in low Cu and high Cu
Ag% Sn% Cu% Zn% In% Pd%
Low Cu 63-70 26-28 2-7 0-2 - -
High Cu 40-60 22-30 13-30 0 0-5 0-1
www.indiandentalacademy.com
9. HIGH CU VS LOW CU
For Low Cu
Ag3Sn + Hg Ag3Sn + Ag2Hg3 + Sn8Hg
γ γ1 γ2
For High Cu
Ag3Sn + Cu + Hg Ag3Sn + Ag2Hg3 + Cu6Sn5
γ γ1 η
www.indiandentalacademy.com
10. ZINC VS NON-ZINC
Effect of moisture on zinc alloys is well
established
∴ from all the above high copper zinc free
amalgam is preferred as root end filling material.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
11. LEAKAGE OF AMALGAM
Multiple techniques advocated to determine
the apical leakage.
Conclusion drawn from these studies
Use of amalgam bond, 4-META bonding agent
www.indiandentalacademy.com
12. TISSUE COMPATIBILITY
Fresh mixed conventional silver amalgam
Amalgam containing zinc
Various studies identified cytotoxicity of both
low and high copper content alloys.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
13. MATERIAL PREPARATION & MANIPULATION
Preparation and manipulation is crucial
Key points to consider when alloys placed
intra orally
a. Amalgam squeezed of excess mercury
b. Instruction by the manufacturer for
trituration
c. Amalgam closely adapted to the confines
of the cavity
www.indiandentalacademy.com
14. d. Root end amalgams placing at the time of
surgery
www.indiandentalacademy.com
15. ELECTRIC POTENTIALS
Root end amalgam in a tooth which has a
metallic post or crown restoration.
a. Currents in excess of 50µA
b. Increase production galvenic currents leads
to electrochemical corosion
www.indiandentalacademy.com
16. TISSUE STAINING ARGYRIA
Causes
Amalgam scattered in surgical site
Fractured or loosened
amalgam root end fills
Galvanism and electrochemical corrosion
www.indiandentalacademy.com
17. PREVENTION
Control of placement
Efficient irrigation and aspiration
Appropriate bulk in the thickness and
mechanical retention.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
18. GUIDELINES FOR AMALGAM USAGE AS A ROOT
END FILLING
Control of moisture
High copper alloys
Varnish or Dentin bonding agent
Creates smooth surface
Prevent dispersion of alloy particles
Keep Alloy as small in diameter with enough
thickness
www.indiandentalacademy.com
19. GALLIUM ALLOYS
Toxic effect of mercury
Putt Kammer (1928)
Properties
Wetting many materials
Mixed and condensed as silver amalgam
Compressive and tensile strength increases
with time
Expand after mixing
Stability and corrosion resistance
www.indiandentalacademy.com
20. COMPOSITION
Alloy Liquid
Silver 60% Gallium 62%
Tin 25% Iridium 25%
Copper 13% Tin 25%
Palladium 20%
Reaction
AgSn + Ga AgGa + Sn
www.indiandentalacademy.com
21. DISADVANTAGES
Surface roughness and marginal discoloration
Manipulation difficult
Cost 16 times more
www.indiandentalacademy.com
22. GOLD FOIL
Schuster (1913) and Lyons (1920)
Reports in 1960s and 1980s recommand its
use ---- perfect marginal adaptation, surface
smoothness and tiss biocompatibility.
Least toxic compared to IRM, composite,
amalgam and GIC
www.indiandentalacademy.com
23. Although favourable material properties,
does not appear practical ----- need to establish
moisture free environment, careful placement
and finishing.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
24. SILVER CONES
Silver cones used to obturate the
root canals since early 1930’s
Several techniques recommended
root end fill with silver cone
www.indiandentalacademy.com
25. a. Summers (1946)
1. Reverse canal instrumentation
2. Specially recommended when post-core
crown present
b. TRICE recommended a Fissure bur to cut
the previously placed silver cones.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
26. GUIDELINES CONCERNING SILVER CONES
ROOT END FILLS
Silver cones cannot 3 Dimensionally obturate
the root canal space
Open voids between the cones and dentin wall
Dissection of silver cone increases corrosive
potential
Cannot be burnished to perfect apical seal
Ideally teeth containing silver cones requiring
surgery should retreated
A root end fill is indicated in all cases
www.indiandentalacademy.com
27. GUTTA PERCHA
As a true root end filling material
Orthograde root canal obturation with either
cold or hot burnisher.
ABDAL & RETIEF compared heat sealed gutta
percha, amalgam, IRM and super EBA.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
28. Composition
Gutta percha - 18.9 – 21.8%
Zinc Oxide - 56.1 – 75.3%
Heavy Metal Sulfates - 1.5 – 17.3%
Waxes & Resins - 1 – 4%
Adaptation to the root canal system & apical
seal of gutta percha depends on following :
Thoroughness of condensation
Use of solvents
Type of instrument used for adaptation
Temperature
Nature & Amount of the root canal sealer used
Skill of the operator
www.indiandentalacademy.com
29. Limitation
Porous in nature
CAVIT
Zinc oxide based temporary filling
www.indiandentalacademy.com
30. Composition
Zinc oxide, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate,
glycolacetate, polyvinyl acetate polyvinyl chloride
acetate, Tri ethanolamine, red pigment.
Cavit G & Cavit W available
Hygroscopic set after permeation with water
Greater leakage than IRM or ZOE
Biocompatibility studies are in conflict – toxic
and non toxic
www.indiandentalacademy.com
31. ZINC PHOSPHATE CEMENTS
Rhein (1897) – zinc phosphate cement with gutta
percha to seal root canal system
Herbert (1941) zinc phosphate with thymol as
root end filling material
www.indiandentalacademy.com
33. Not indicated as root end filling material –
solubility, leakage, irritating to tissues, inhibit
healing
POLYCARBOXYLATE CEMENTS
Smith in 1968
www.indiandentalacademy.com
34. Powder – modified zinc oxide with fillers such as
magnesium oxide & stannous fluoride.
Liquid – aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid
Reaction occurs between zinc ions and the
carboxyl groups of the polyacrylic acid
pH – 1.7, working time 3-5 minutes
Limitations
Inflammation of periradicular tissue
Leak significantly greater than amalgam or G-P
Poor sealing ability, uncertain periradicular tissue
response
www.indiandentalacademy.com
35. DIAKET
Tetsch (1986) – as root canal filling material
Polyvinyl resin
As root end filling – thicker consistency
Better apical seal than IRM or super EBA
Comparative study of Diaket an MTA
Both are biocompatible, promote periradicular
tissue regeneration.
Diaket is easy to place than MTA
Sets in a short time
www.indiandentalacademy.com
36. More radiopacity than MTA, GIC, Composite,
cavit, super EBA, IRM and less compared to amalgam
& GP
Insoluble in tissue fluid
www.indiandentalacademy.com
37. GLASS IONOMERS
Reaction of calcium aluminosilicate glass
particles with aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid
Bond physico-chemically to dentine and enamel,
anticariogenic activity
Setting reaction is in two phase
www.indiandentalacademy.com
38. Biocompatibility – shown evidence of initial
cytotoxicity
Good marginal adaptation and adhesion to tooth
structure
Sealing ability adversely affected when
contaminated with moisture
Newer GIC’s containing glass metal powder
(Fugi II, Ketac Silver)
Chong et al used light cured GIC as retrograde
filling
Compared thinly (1mm) applied and thick light
cured GIC’s
www.indiandentalacademy.com
39. COMPOSITE RESIN
Combination with dentin bonding agent showed
good apical seal
Received minimal attention as root end filling
because of cytotoxic effects
www.indiandentalacademy.com
40. McDonald & Dumsha compared composite with
dentin bonding agent, composite alone, cavit,
amalgam, hot burnished G-P and cold burnished
G-P
Recently Wennerberg reported composite resins
bonded tightly to apicoectomized root with
bonding agent.
All polymerizing resins leave and uncured oxygen
inhibiting surface layer
Physical and chemical properties of composite
resin vary widely
www.indiandentalacademy.com
41. ZINC OXIDE EUGENOL
First described by Chisolm (1873)
Nicholls (1962) used zinc oxide cement as
retrograde filling material
www.indiandentalacademy.com
42. Composition
Powder Liquid
Zinc oxide – 70% Eugenol – 100%
Rosin – 30%
Zinc acetate traces
ZOE cement in contact with water or tissue fluids,
hydrolyzed into zinc hydroxide and eugenol
Eugenol can inhibit prostoglandin synthetase,
sensory nerve activity, mitochondrial respiration,
eliminates a range of native oral microorganism
and can be an allergen.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
43. ZOE cement modified in an attempt to resolve
these problems
IRM
(Intermediate Restorative Material)
Is a ZOE cement reinforced
by the addition of 20%
polymethylmethacrylate to
the powder.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
44. Developed to overcome the short comings of ZOE
cement
Composition
Powder Liquid
Zinc Oxide – 80% Eugenol – 99%
Polymethylmethacrylate-20% Acetic Acid – 1%
With reinforcement, problem of absorbability of
ZOE eliminated
IRM elicited a mild to zero inflammatory effect
after 80 days and relatively biocompatible.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
45. To further improve IRM as retrograde filling
material, hydroxyapatite was added
For root end filling thick mix of IRM improves
placement, IRM does not adhere well to itself.
SUPER EBA
(Super ethoxy benzoic acid)
ZOE cement modified with
ethoxy benzoic acid
www.indiandentalacademy.com
47. Has better physical properties than ZOE
High compressive strength, high tensile strength
neutral pH, no solubility, adhere to tooth
structure, adheres well to itself
Composition
Powder Liquid
Zinc Oxide – 60% Ethoxy Benzoic Acid -62.5%
Aluminium oxide – 34% Eugenol – 37.5%
Natural resin-6%
www.indiandentalacademy.com
48. Tissue tolerance shows mild reaction
Provides better seal compared to amalgam GIC,
Gutta percha
Excellent material adaptation and collagen fibres
growing over the material
Disadvantages
Difficult to manipulate – slow setting time,
material adhere to all surfaces, sensitive to
temperature and humidity.
Only moderately radiopaque
www.indiandentalacademy.com
49. MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate)
Developed at Loma Linda University (1993)
Composition
Tricalcium Silicate
Tricalcium Aluminate
Tricalcium Oxide
Silicate Oxide
Mineral Oxides in tracers bismuth oxides
www.indiandentalacademy.com
50. MTA is a powder consists of fine hydrophilic
powder, sets in the presence of moisture.
pH after mixing – 10.2, rising to 12.5 after 3 hrs
Setting time – 4 hrs
Compressive strength comparable that of IRM and
Super EBA, significantly less than amalgam
Compared with amalgam, IRM & Super EBA MTA
provides better seal
Advantages
Least toxic
Excellent biocompatibility
Hydrophilic
Reasonable radiopaque
www.indiandentalacademy.com
51. Disadvantages
Difficult to manipulate
Long setting time
Mixing MTA
Should be prepared just before its used
Powder should mixed with water (3:1) to putty
consistency
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52. Mixture can be carried using a carrier or a plastic
instrument
Extra moisture can
be removed with a
dry piece of gauze
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53. Initially MTA was available as grey powder,
recently white powder also introduced by the exclusion
of iron compounds
Failed apicectomy with One year following second
amalgam root end filling. apicectomy with MTA root
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end
54. MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
Titanium
Most frequently used material for dental implants
Excellent corrosion resistance, high mechanical
strength, good biocompatibility, can be easily
formed into any shape
Yasunari et al developed titanium inlay as a root
end filling, showed no clinical or radiographic
problems
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55. Demerits
Metallic material no longer consider because they
share many of the problems of amalgam
Isthmus cannot be filled with titanium inlay
ALUMINIUM OXIDE PINS
Excellent biocompatibility with tight sealing of
the root canal
Keller et al reported success rate of 95%
Contra indicated in large oval cross sections
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56. BONE CEMENT
It is a new material, potentially provide the
necessary properties for an ideal retrofill material
Composition
Powder Liquid
Polymethylmethacrylate Methylmethacrylate
Methylmethacrylate
Barium Sulfate
Low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, inhibits
bacterial growth, tolerates moist environment
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57. CONCLUSION
Root end filling material should provide a
hermetic seal, should be non-toxic, non-carcinogenic,
biocompatible and dimensionally stable.
Based on studies and clinical performance it is
clear that IRM, super – EBA, and MTA are the
recommended materials available for root end filling.
The sealing ability of MTA is superior to that of IRM
and super-EBA. The regeneration of new cementum
over MTA is a unique phenomenon that has not been
reported with other root end filling materials thus
making MTA the retrofilling material of choice.
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58. REFERENCES
Surgical Endodontics – James L. Gutmann
Colour atlas of micro surgery in endodontics – Syngcuk
Kim
Vasudev S.K et al, Root end filling materials – A review –
JOE, 2003, 15, 11 – 18.
J. Camilleri et al, The constitution of mineral trioxide
aggregate, 2005, 21, 297 – 303.
Niederman et al, A systematic review of invivo retrograde
obturating material, IEJ, 2003, 36, 577 – 585.
Tagger et al, A standard for radiopacity of root end filling
materials is urgently needed, IEJ, 2004, 37, 260 – 264.
Sousa et al, A comparative evaluation of the
biocompatibility of materials used in apical surgery, 2004,
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37, 738 – 748.
59. Thank you for watching
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