The document provides information about Rome and the Byzantine Empire. It discusses Rome's transition from a republic to an empire in hopes of restoring order. It also notes that the Founding Fathers of America copied many elements from Rome's government, including having elected leaders and three branches of government. The document then provides details about various Roman rulers, achievements in architecture, technology, science, and language. It describes the decline of Rome and the rise of Christianity and the Byzantine Empire in Constantinople.

1. Rome and the Byzantine Empire
Copy the underlined facts.
Mr. Bluma

3. Roman Legal
Accomplishments
• Rome had a republican government (res publica:
elected officials), until emperors were allowed to
take over. Rome went through many troubles.
Roman citizens then changed their government to
an empire in hopes of restoring it.
• Twelve Tables: Laws are written down and must
be respected

4. Roman Legal
Accomplishments
continued
• The Founding Fathers of America planned our
government and copied many Roman elements.
Like the Romans, we elect our leaders: the
congress, governors, mayors, etc. The president;
however, is not elected. The electoral college, a
group of electors from each state choose the
president. The supreme court is appointed by the
president. Like the Romans our government has
three branches-the president, congress, and courts.

5. Rulers
• Augustus Caesar – increased Caesar's empire
• Diocletian – Divided the empire into two parts
• Hadrian – Hadrian's wall in England
• Trajen – The Forum, rebuilt Rome, 117 Anno
Domini
Hadrian’s Wall in modern times

6. Art/Architecture
• Hellenistic (meaning “Greek inspired”)
• Pantheon – first dome
• Roman Arch

7. Technology
• “All roads lead to Rome”
• City planning
• Aqueducts

8. Science
• Ptolemy – wrongly hypothesized about an Earth
centered universe

9. Language
• Latin: the language of Rome
• French, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese

10. Decline of Rome
• Long period of decline
• Example: at one point they had 22 emperors over
a 50 year period, 20 died violently
• Persians and Germans move into empire
• Hired Germanic soldiers = who had no loyalty to
Rome and did not understand tradition
• Overall decline in society, morals, education,
business

11. Christianity
• Monotheistic (one god: trinity Father, Son--Jesus,
Holy Sprit)
• Life was recorded by Mathew, Mark, Luke, and
John. Jesus was born a Jew and was raised in
Bethlehem.
• His popularity was a threat to Jewish leaders and
to Roman authorities. He was convicted of treason
because the emperor was to be treated as a god.

12. Christianity continued
• Romans made Christianity illegal at first because
the Christians didn't worship the emperor.
• Word spread through disciples such as Paul.
• Constantine became the first Christian emperor in
312 after seeing a vision of a cross with the
words, "Follow me," during a big battle.
Constantine issued the Edict of Milan in 312
making Christianity legal.

13. Attila the Hun
• “He (Attila) was a man born into the world to
shake the nations”–Jordanes (Roman historian)
• The Huns were a group of Eurasian nomads.
• In 441 Attila's Huns attacked the Eastern Roman
Empire. The success of this invasion emboldened
Attila to continue his westward expansion. Passing
unhindered through Austria and Germany, Attila
plundered and devastated all in his path.
• He killed Bleda, his own brother, in order to unite
the Hun empire and rule it alone.

14. Byzantine Empire
• Constantinople built on site of ancient Greek city
Byzantium
• Western Empire = Rome, popes church, emperor
government, Latin
• Eastern Empire = Byzantium/Constantinople,
emperor church and government, Greek

15. America Today
(Copy any three or more facts below)
• Unemployment 8.1 to 10.5%--Reuters.com
• Americans’ addiction to entertainment has been compared to the bread and
circuses of Rome (Latin: panem et circenses)--Bloomberg columnist Alice Schroeder
• The crime rate has decreased dramatically--Economist.com
• Charitable giving is up--Economist.com
• 76% of Americans say moral values in the United States are getting worse--
Gallup.com
• U.S. National Debt is over 16 trillion dollars ($16, 000, 000, 000, 000)
• The foundations of U.S. economic freedom remain strong--heritage.com
• The regulatory burden on business continues to increase rapidly--heritage.com
• American students rank 31/141 nations in education performance--Edweek.org

16. Academic Reminders
- Replace negative thinking with positive thoughts.
Renaissance Man by da vinci
- True success in life means to treat your mind and body right.
- Roman Room Technique: am ancient way of remembering...Imagine a
room you know well. walk through the room and see test information
on objects like lamps, tables, and doors.
- Start saving for money for college.
- The report "The Big Payoff" reveals that over an adult's working life,
high school graduates can expect, on average, to earn $1.2 million; those
with a bachelor's degree, $2.1 million; and people with a master's degree,
$2.5 million. Persons with doctoral degrees earn an average of $3.4
million during their working life, while those with professional degrees do
best at $4.4 million.