Here is the very animatedly designed Presentation that explains briefly about Robotic Surgery , Uses of Robobic Surgery, Robotic Surgery Advantages and Disadvantages and about its future scope.
Robotic surgery :-
Definition
limitations
History
Types
Applications
Advantages and disadvantages
Reference
,robotic surgery ,applications of robotic surgery ,advantages of robotic surgery ,disadvantages of robotic surgery ,uses of robotic surgery ,cardiac surgery ,gynecology ,neurosurgery ,radio surgery ,shared control robotic surgery ,da vinci robotic surgical system ,tele surgery system ,types of robotic surgery ,history of robotic surgery
It is a presentation of Robotic Surgery. Medical Science is using so many techniques for performing surgeries. Robotic Surgery is one of them. For detail document please send me mail...abhilashpillai13@gmail.com
Robotic surgery :-
Definition
limitations
History
Types
Applications
Advantages and disadvantages
Reference
,robotic surgery ,applications of robotic surgery ,advantages of robotic surgery ,disadvantages of robotic surgery ,uses of robotic surgery ,cardiac surgery ,gynecology ,neurosurgery ,radio surgery ,shared control robotic surgery ,da vinci robotic surgical system ,tele surgery system ,types of robotic surgery ,history of robotic surgery
It is a presentation of Robotic Surgery. Medical Science is using so many techniques for performing surgeries. Robotic Surgery is one of them. For detail document please send me mail...abhilashpillai13@gmail.com
Robotic Surgery(minimally invasive surgery)Sgtm Saha
robotic surgery,minimally invasive surgery,MIS,the vinci surgical process,leproscopy surgey, 5 mins representation,BCDA College of pharmacy, SGTM, Swagatam Saha,WBUT Board,6th sem.
Robotic surgery is a type of minimally invasive surgery. “Minimally invasive” means that instead of operating on patients through large incisions, we use miniaturized surgical instruments that fit through a series of quarter-inch incisions.
This document presents the robot Da Vinci the revolutionary endoscopic surgical device to assist remote control surgeries. Integrated Surgical Systems (now Intuitive Surgery, Inc.) redesigned the SRI Green Telepresence Surgery system and created the daVinci Surgical System classified as a master-slave surgical system. It uses true 3-D visualization and EndoWrist. It was approved by FDA in July 2000 for general laparoscopic surgery, in November 2002 for mitral valve repair surgery. The da Vinci robot is currently being used in various fields such as urology, general surgery, gynecology, cardio-thoracic, pediatric and ENT surgery. It provides several advantages to conventional laparoscopy such as 3D vision, motion scaling, intuitive movements, visual immersion and tremor filtration
We live in an age of a new unpreceded wonders. The wonders of the world are not seven any more. The inanimate talk to us. We are flying in the air. More than 65,000-Ton can float over the water in an iron vessel. The Robotic Doctor is already a reality. Reviewing the history of mankind's cumulative experience starting with the ancient very primitive trials and ending with the presence of Robotic and Telesurgery
Clearly show that the major and rapid advances in the whole mankind's life occur only in the last few decades especially the last 10 years ? .
This presentation will help u know with the history,present and coming up trends in laparoscopy .Also it is an acquaintance presentation regarding laparoscopy.
Robotic Surgery(minimally invasive surgery)Sgtm Saha
robotic surgery,minimally invasive surgery,MIS,the vinci surgical process,leproscopy surgey, 5 mins representation,BCDA College of pharmacy, SGTM, Swagatam Saha,WBUT Board,6th sem.
Robotic surgery is a type of minimally invasive surgery. “Minimally invasive” means that instead of operating on patients through large incisions, we use miniaturized surgical instruments that fit through a series of quarter-inch incisions.
This document presents the robot Da Vinci the revolutionary endoscopic surgical device to assist remote control surgeries. Integrated Surgical Systems (now Intuitive Surgery, Inc.) redesigned the SRI Green Telepresence Surgery system and created the daVinci Surgical System classified as a master-slave surgical system. It uses true 3-D visualization and EndoWrist. It was approved by FDA in July 2000 for general laparoscopic surgery, in November 2002 for mitral valve repair surgery. The da Vinci robot is currently being used in various fields such as urology, general surgery, gynecology, cardio-thoracic, pediatric and ENT surgery. It provides several advantages to conventional laparoscopy such as 3D vision, motion scaling, intuitive movements, visual immersion and tremor filtration
We live in an age of a new unpreceded wonders. The wonders of the world are not seven any more. The inanimate talk to us. We are flying in the air. More than 65,000-Ton can float over the water in an iron vessel. The Robotic Doctor is already a reality. Reviewing the history of mankind's cumulative experience starting with the ancient very primitive trials and ending with the presence of Robotic and Telesurgery
Clearly show that the major and rapid advances in the whole mankind's life occur only in the last few decades especially the last 10 years ? .
This presentation will help u know with the history,present and coming up trends in laparoscopy .Also it is an acquaintance presentation regarding laparoscopy.
Real time information systems in TransportationAravind Samala
An efficient transport system is essential for sustainable economic development of the country and plays a significant role in promoting national and global integration.
Efficient transport is indispensable to the economic development of nation.
From past few years Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are copiously deployed in the modern transportation systems to efficiently control and manage transportation.
By using certain ITS techniques like Advanced Traveller Information System (ATIS), Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL), Variable Message Service (VMS), etc., real-time information about travel, traffic, cautionary measures are provided.
Improved technology adoption and clinical operations processes are now making it possible to redefine the role of the CRA, while at the same time reducing stress, decreasing costs and increasing clinical trial oversight. At Clinipace Worldwide, we’ve adopted a methodology called Just-in-Time Monitoring that is dramatically changing the way we interact with our trial sites.
On July 11, 2000, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first completely robotic surgery device, the da Vinci surgical system from Intuitive Surgical (Mountain View, CA).
*The surgeon sits at a computer station and directs the movements of a robot. Small surgical tools are attached to the robot's arms.
*The surgeon makes small cuts to insert the instruments into your body.
*A thin tube with a camera attached to the end of it (endoscope) allows the surgeon to view enlarged 3-D images of your body as the surgery is taking place.
*The robot matches the doctor's hand movements to perform the procedure using the tiny instruments.
Autonomous Camera Movement for Robotic-Assisted Surgery: A SurveyIJAEMSJORNAL
In the past decade, Robotic-Assisted Surgery (RAS) has become a widely accepted technique as an alternative to traditional open surgery procedures. The best robotic assistant system should combine both human and robot capabilities under the human control. As a matter of fact robot should collaborate with surgeons in a natural and autonomous way, thus requiring less of the surgeons’ attention. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive and structured review of the robotic-assisted surgery and autonomous camera movement for RAS operation. We also discuss several topics, including but not limited to task and gesture recognition, that are closely related to robotic-assisted surgery automation and illustrate several successful applications in various real-world application domains. We hope that this paper will provide a more thorough understanding of the recent advances in camera automation in RSA and offer some future research directions.
Significant improvements in the surgical approaches and management of diseases have been made in the last century since the advent of antibiotics and aseptic surgical techniques. A major revolution has happened in the last 25 years, as the focus has shifted to minimally invasive surgery and subsequently to robotic assisted surgery. The da Vinci system is by far the most successful surgical robot in use today.
Presentation on Environmental Degradation
Its causes and effects on the environment
Awareness of environmental Degradation
Preventive Measures for environmental degradation
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
PRESENTATION ABOUT PRINCIPLE OF COSMATIC EVALUATION
Robotic Surgery by muthugomathy and meenakshi shetti.
1.
2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
ROBOTIC SURGERY
MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY
DA VINCI SURGICAL SYSTEM
TYPES OF ROBOTIC SURGERY
APPLICATIONS
BENEFITS
COMPLICATIONS
FUTURE SCOPE
CONCLUSION
3. ROBOT -- Machine
that resembles a human
and does mechanical,
routine tasks on
command
Czech playwright Karel
Capek Introduced the
term ‘ROBOT’
KINDS OF ROBOT
4. WHAT IS ROBOTIC SURGERY???
Robotic surgery a computer assisted surgery
5. SURGERY
It is art and act of treating diseases by means of
operations
SURGEON
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in
surgery
MINIMAL INVASIVE SURGERY
Minimally invasive surgery
(MIS), or “keyhole” surgery, is a
modern surgical technique in
which operations in the human
body are performed through
small incisions.
7. Da Vinci Surgical System
PEVANITSDIIOEONNWT MASTER C RCAIASRTRT CONSOLE
TINSTRUMENTS
8. TYPES OF ROBOTIC SURGERY
1. Supervisory-Controlled systems
2. Telesurgical systems
3. Robotic Radiosurgery Systems
4. Shared-Control systems
9. APPLICATIONS
Robotic surgery is particularly useful in certain situations or
surgeries. For example, in laparoscopic surgeries, or surgeries in
which a laparoscope is used, arms of robot are extremely helpful.
Cutting away cancer tissue from sensitive parts of the body
such as blood vessels, nerves, or important body organs
Gallbladder removal
Hip replacement
Hysterectomy
Kidney removal
Kidney transplant
Mitral valve repair
10. BENEFITS OF ROBOTIC SURGERY
BENEFITS FOR PATIEBNETNEFITS FOR SURGEON
Reduced trauma to the body
Less anesthesia
Often less blood loss and
need for transfusions
Less risk of infection
Shorter hospital stay
Faster recovery and return to
normal daily activities
Less scarring and improved
cosmesis
Enhanced 3-D Visualization
Improved Dexterity
Greater Surgical Precision
Improved Access
Increased Range of Movement
Reproducibility
Simplifies many existing MIS
surgical techniques
Makes difficult MIS operations
routine
Makes new MIS procedures possible
in most surgical specialties
11. COMPLICATIONS
Flawed design
Malfunction of hardware
and software components
misinterpretation and
incorrect or inadequate
specification
increase in cost ,
complexity , or both
12. ROBOTIC SURGERY IN INDIA….
DELHI
MUMBAI
PUNE
BANGALORE…… and other few metro politan cities…….
FUTURE SCOPE
It is also expected that the future will carry out smaller size
robots which would be easier in function & cheaper in price. It’s
a boon to the upcoming generations
13. CONCLUSION
“He who rejects is the architect of
decay. The only human institution
which rejects progress is the
cemetery.”
- HAROLD WILSON