Robotic surgery is a type of minimally invasive surgery. “Minimally invasive” means that instead of operating on patients through large incisions, we use miniaturized surgical instruments that fit through a series of quarter-inch incisions.

1. ROBOTIC SURGERY
Presented By,
Sayan Mukhopadhyay
B.Phrm.6th sem
BCDA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND TECHNOLOGY

2. Contents
 History
 Introduction
 Why robots?
 Surgical Robot – “Da Vinci”
 “Da vinci” system
 “Da vinci” Components
 “Da vinci” cart
 The Endoscope
 The speciality of “Da vinci”
 Applications
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Conclusion
 References

3. History
 In 1985 a robot, the PUMA 560, was used to place a
needle for brain biopsy using CT guidance.
 In 1988 the PROBOT, developed at imperial College
London.
 The ROBODOC from integrated surgical systems was
introduced in 1992 for hip replacement.
 The first unmanned robotic surgery took place in may
2006 in Italy.

4. Introduction
 Using robots in the operating room to assist
the surgeon in performing surgery.
 Robotic surgery is a type of “minimally
invasive” surgery. It’s mean instead of
operating on patients through large incisions.
 The main object of such smart instrument is to
reduce or eliminate the tissue trauma
traditionally associated with open surgery
without requiring more than a few minutes
training on the part of surgery.
 These system have the potential to improve
the safety and effectiveness of surgeries.

5. Why robots?
 A robot is not Machine :-
- It is an information system with
arms.
- The robot are actually a more
accrete then human beings.
-

6. Surgical Robot – “Da Vinci”
 “Da vinci” is one of the most advanced
surgical bot in the world.
 It miniaturized instruments are mounted on
three separate robotic arms allowing the
surgeon maximum range of motion and
precision.
 “Da vinci’s” fourth arm contains a magnified
high definition 3D camera that guides the
surgeon during the procedure.

7. “Da vinci” system

8. “Da vinci” Components
Surgeon’s console
 Optimal hand-eye alignment
 Immersive 3D stereo viewer
 Comfortable seat posture –
ergonomic
 Motion scaling & tremor
reduction

9. “Da vinci” cart
 Endowrist instruments
 3-4 robotic arms they
are interchangeable and
effectors.

10. The Endoscope
 Fiber optic instrument
 Inserted trough a small
incision
 has a very tiny video
camera
 Shows the surgeon a 3-
dimensional magnified
view
 Project to a television
screen

11. The speciality of “Da vinci”
 The surgeon controls this instruments and the
camera from a console located in the
operating room placing his finger into the
master controls.
 He is able to operate all four arms of da vinci
simultaneously while looking though a high
definition monitor place inside the patient
giving him a better more detailed 3D view of
the operating site than the human eye can
provide

12. Applications
 Cardiac surgery
 Gastrointestinal surgery
 Gynaecology
 Neurosurgery
 Orthopedics
 Pediatrics
 Radio surgery
 Urology

13. Advantages
 Less scarring
 Faster recovery time
 Reduce loss of healthy tissue
 Greater surgical precision
 Less blood loss and transfusion
 Less anesthesia required
 Smaller risk of infection
 In turn cheaper for hospitals

14. Disadvantages
 Time lag between surgeons commands and action of Robot
could harm the patient.
 Loss of power in an electrical failure
 The question of safety
 The cost

15. Conclusion
 The Robotic surgery is build one
example of such technology that may
reduce operative morbidity , Hospital
stay, recovery, while potentially
improving , clinical outcome.

16. References
 "robot", Merian-Webster Online Dictionary. 2007)
 Unger, S.W., H.M. Unger, and R.T. Bass, AESOP robotic arm. Surg
Endosc, 1994.
 Sackier, J.M. and Y. Wang, Robotically assisted laparoscopic
surgery. From concept to development. Surg Endosc, 1994.
 Allaf, M.E., et al., Laparoscopic visual field. Voice vs foot pedal
interfaces for control of the AESOP robot. Surg Endosc, 1998.
 Omote, K., et al., Self-guided robotic camera control for
laparoscopic surgery compared with human camera control. Am J
Surg, 1999.
 Merola, S., et al., Comparison of laparoscopic colectomy with and
without the aid of a robotic camera holder. Surg Laparosc Endosc
Percutan Tech, 2002.
 Aiono, S., et al., Controlled trial of the introduction of a robotic
camera assistant (EndoAssist) for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Surg Endosc, 2002. 16(9): p. 1267-70.

17. Thank You !!!