This document discusses RNA viruses, which are viruses that use RNA as their genetic material. RNA viruses are classified into four groups according to the Baltimore classification system based on their replication method and genomic type. Group III contains double-stranded RNA viruses like rotavirus. Group IV contains positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses like hepatitis A and C. Group V contains negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses like influenza and measles. Group VI contains reverse transcribing diploid single-stranded RNA viruses like HIV. The document examines the structures and replication cycles of influenza virus and HIV in more detail. It also notes the types of cells that different RNA viruses infect, such as epithelial cells for influenza and T lymphocytes for

1. RNA VIRUSES:

2. GROUP MEMBERS
• Hareem Zainab
• Numhra Anwar
• Mariam Khalid

3. WHAT ARE VIRUSES ?
VIRUSES ARE
MICROORGANISM
INFECTIOUS AGENTS
REPLICATES/MULTIPLICATES ONLY IN LIVING CELLS OF THE
OTHERORGANISMS.

4. TYPES OF VIRUSES:
. DNA VIRUSES
. RNA VIRUSES

5. RNA VIRUSES:
RNA viruses are those viruses
1. Having RNA AS GENETIC MATERIAL
2. RNA MAY BE
• SINGLE STRANDED
• DOUBLE STRANDED
3. Size range from (2300 – 31000)nt in length.

6. CLASSIFICATION OF RNA VIRUSES:
 ACCORDING TO BALTIMORE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
VIRUSES ARE PLACED INTO SEVEN GROUPS ACCORDING
TO THEIR MODE OF REPLICATION AND GENOMIC TYPE.
 OUT OF SEVEN FOUR GROUPS ARE OF RNA VIRUSES.

8. • GROUP III DS RNA (DOUBLE STRANDED RNA):
WIDELY RANGE HOST CELLS.
• GROUP IV+ SS RNA(POSITIVE SENSE SINGLE STRANDED RNA):
SIMILAR TO MESSENGER RNA.
• GROUP V- SS RNA (NEGATIVE SENSE SINGLE STRANDED RNA):
COMPLIMENTARY TO MESSENGER RNA .
• GOUP VI REVERSE TRANSCRIBING DIPLOID SS RNA :
REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE ENZYME IS PRESENT.

9. EXAMPLES OF ALL GROUPS OF RNA
VIRUSES:
• GROUP III : ROTAVIRUS
• GROUP IV: PICORNAVIRUSES, HEPATITIS A & C VIRUS
• GROUP V : INFLUENZA VIRUS , MEASLES
• GROUP VI: HIV

10. STRUCTURES OF RNA VIRUSES:
We discuss the following two in this
INFLUENZA
HIV

12. HIV STRUCTURE:

13. REPLICATION / MULTIPLICATION
VIRUSES ATTACK THE CELL IN FOLLOWING STEPS:
 BINDING
 ENDOCYTOSIS
 FUSION
 REPLICATION
 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
 ASSEMBLY
 BUDDING
 RELEASE

14. REPLICATION OF INFLUENZA:

15. REPLICATION OF HIV

16. CELLS ON WHICH RNA VIRUSES ATTACK
 INFLUENZAVIRUS ATTACK EPITHELIAL CELLS OF NOSE, THROAT AND RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM.
 HEPATITIS C VIRUS ATTACK LIVER CELLS.
 POLIO VIRUS ATTACK NERVE CELLS OF THE BRAIN STEM.
 ROTAVIRUS ATTACK EPITELIAL CELLS OF VILLI
 HIV ATTACK T LYMPHOCYTES.

17. PRECAUTIONS FOR VIRAL DIEASES:
• WASH HAND PROPERLY WITH SAOP.
• VACCINATION .
• DO NOT USE SYRINGS AND NEEDLES WHICH HAVE ALREADY BEING USED.
• PROPER SANITATION SYSTEM.
• DO NOT USE TOOTHBRUSHES , TOWELS AND BLADES OF OTHERS.
• ALWAYS DRINK PURE AND CLEAN WATER.
• DRINK LEMON WATER EVERY DAY .
AND ETC.

19. THANK YOU

20. ANY QUESTIONS????