River bank erosion
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This presentation summarizes a case study on riverbank erosion hazards and vulnerabilities in Sirajganj District, Bangladesh. It introduces the topic by explaining the importance of rivers and defining erosion. It then outlines some of the key problems caused by erosion, including demographic impacts, economic issues, and biodiversity loss. The presentation reviews relevant literature on erosion impacts and sediment discharge patterns in the Jamuna River. It describes the study area of Sirajganj District and methodology used, which includes primary data collection through surveys and observations and secondary data analysis. Finally, it lists the possible outcomes of the study, such as identifying ways to reduce erosion, determining factors influencing erosion rates, and reviewing policies related to erosion.
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River Bank Erosion, Risk Assessment and Communication planning fot communitti...
This document summarizes a presentation on river bank erosion in Bangladesh. It discusses how river bank erosion is a major ongoing disaster in Bangladesh that affects millions of people each year. Key points made include: (1) River bank erosion is caused by the dynamic nature of Bangladesh's many rivers and results in loss of land and displacement of communities; (2) Important risk factors like water flow and levels, sedimentation, and rainfall are assessed to understand erosion risks; (3) Communication plans are needed to raise awareness of risks and prepare communities for future erosion events. Management relies on both structural measures and policies to support vulnerable groups affected by erosion.
River bank erosion, its migration, causes
Riverbank Erosion is an endemic natural hazard in our country.
When rivers enter the mature, they become sluggish and
meander or braid. These oscillations cause extreme riverbank
erosion. It is a perennial problem in our country.
• It has been estimated that tens of thousands of people are
displaced annually by river erosion in Bangladesh, possibly up to
100,000. Many households are forced to move away from their
homesteads due to riverbank erosion and flood.
• As per different sources, 500 kilometres of riverbank face
severe problems related to erosion. The northwest part of the
country is particularly prone to riverbank erosion, which has
turned the region into an economically depressed area.
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This document discusses river bank erosion in Bangladesh. It notes that Bangladesh has over 250 rivers that are prone to bank erosion during monsoons due to high water flows. The primary causes of erosion are the flat landscape offering little resistance to water forces, rivers entering mature stages where they meander and change course frequently, and large sediment loads that cause flooding and erosion. Erosion negatively impacts communities through loss of land and housing, economic impacts from lost agriculture land, and health impacts. The document outlines measures to reduce erosion including hard structures, increasing flow areas, planting vegetation, and using wood pilings.
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This document discusses river erosion and methods for controlling rivers. It describes the four main processes by which rivers erode landscapes: hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, and solution. It then outlines some common river control structures used to prevent flooding and bank erosion, such as levees, guide banks, and groynes. The document emphasizes that the best river control methods depend on the specific river's characteristics and regime, and comprehensive planning is needed to determine the appropriate approach.
River bank erosion in bangladesh
Riverbank erosion is a major natural hazard in Bangladesh that affects millions of people annually. The erosion destroys farmland, homes, and infrastructure as the major rivers like the Jamuna, Ganges, and Padma migrate and change course. Specific areas along these rivers experience erosion rates of up to 1,600 meters per year. The erosion displaces many families and has significant socioeconomic impacts, including loss of livelihoods, debt, unemployment, and the creation of impoverished refugee populations. Whole communities are sometimes forced to relocate multiple times due to the unpredictable shifting of the river channels.
Integrating River Basin Management Plans with the planning system
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Appreciate existing linkages between catchment management and the planning system
Recognise that the planning system is a key tool to implementation of River Basin Management Plans
Understand what is needed to deliver a water-friendly planning system
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Policy Context
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Developing appropriate & measurable policies
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River bank erosion is a major natural hazard in Bangladesh that causes significant land and property loss each year. Three key points:
1) Major rivers like the Jamuna and Padma have widened over 3 km and eroded over 130,000 hectares of land in the last 30 years according to satellite image analysis.
2) Case studies show river bank erosion displacing over 4,000 people and causing over 4 crore BDT in economic losses annually in some districts. A majority of affected people face poverty due to loss of land and livelihood.
3) While structural measures like embankments are used, long-term policies addressing resettlement, land zoning, and afforestation are needed to
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This document summarizes a presentation on river bank erosion in Bangladesh. It discusses how river bank erosion is a major ongoing disaster in Bangladesh that affects millions of people each year. Key points made include: (1) River bank erosion is caused by the dynamic nature of Bangladesh's many rivers and results in loss of land and displacement of communities; (2) Important risk factors like water flow and levels, sedimentation, and rainfall are assessed to understand erosion risks; (3) Communication plans are needed to raise awareness of risks and prepare communities for future erosion events. Management relies on both structural measures and policies to support vulnerable groups affected by erosion.
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Riverbank Erosion is an endemic natural hazard in our country.
When rivers enter the mature, they become sluggish and
meander or braid. These oscillations cause extreme riverbank
erosion. It is a perennial problem in our country.
• It has been estimated that tens of thousands of people are
displaced annually by river erosion in Bangladesh, possibly up to
100,000. Many households are forced to move away from their
homesteads due to riverbank erosion and flood.
• As per different sources, 500 kilometres of riverbank face
severe problems related to erosion. The northwest part of the
country is particularly prone to riverbank erosion, which has
turned the region into an economically depressed area.
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This document discusses river bank erosion in Bangladesh. It notes that Bangladesh has over 250 rivers that are prone to bank erosion during monsoons due to high water flows. The primary causes of erosion are the flat landscape offering little resistance to water forces, rivers entering mature stages where they meander and change course frequently, and large sediment loads that cause flooding and erosion. Erosion negatively impacts communities through loss of land and housing, economic impacts from lost agriculture land, and health impacts. The document outlines measures to reduce erosion including hard structures, increasing flow areas, planting vegetation, and using wood pilings.
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River bank erosion in bangladesh
Riverbank erosion is a major natural hazard in Bangladesh that affects millions of people annually. The erosion destroys farmland, homes, and infrastructure as the major rivers like the Jamuna, Ganges, and Padma migrate and change course. Specific areas along these rivers experience erosion rates of up to 1,600 meters per year. The erosion displaces many families and has significant socioeconomic impacts, including loss of livelihoods, debt, unemployment, and the creation of impoverished refugee populations. Whole communities are sometimes forced to relocate multiple times due to the unpredictable shifting of the river channels.
Integrating River Basin Management Plans with the planning system
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Presentation by Alaine Clarke MIPI Physical Planner
Objectives:
Appreciate existing linkages between catchment management and the planning system
Recognise that the planning system is a key tool to implementation of River Basin Management Plans
Understand what is needed to deliver a water-friendly planning system
Structure of presentation:
Policy Context
Legislative context as it relates to planning & RBMPs
What guidance is out there?
Existing RBMPs + interaction with planning system
Developing appropriate & measurable policies
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1) Major rivers like the Jamuna and Padma have widened over 3 km and eroded over 130,000 hectares of land in the last 30 years according to satellite image analysis.
2) Case studies show river bank erosion displacing over 4,000 people and causing over 4 crore BDT in economic losses annually in some districts. A majority of affected people face poverty due to loss of land and livelihood.
3) While structural measures like embankments are used, long-term policies addressing resettlement, land zoning, and afforestation are needed to
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Coffer dam and its type
Coffer dams are temporary structures built to retain water and soil in order to create a dry work area for construction projects. There are several types of coffer dams suited to different conditions, including earth-filled, sheet pile, and cellular designs. Key considerations in selecting a coffer dam include water depth, area size, soil/river bed conditions, and potential for erosion or flooding. Proper design is needed to withstand hydrostatic pressures and ensure structural integrity until the permanent structure is complete.
Cross Drainage Works
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Sand Dune Ecosystems
The sand dunes show different stages of development as you move inland from the shoreline. Embryo dunes near the beach are less than 1 meter tall and only stabilized by debris. Foredunes a little further inland reach up to 5 meters tall with grasses like marram grass stabilizing the sand. Yellow dunes have greater plant diversity as conditions improve, with dunes 5-10 meters tall and 80% plant coverage.
Gravity dam
Gravity dams are structures designed so that their own weight resists external forces. Concrete is the preferred material. Forces acting on the dam include water pressure, uplift pressure, earthquake forces, silt pressure, wave pressure, and ice pressure. The dam's weight counters these forces. Dams are checked when full and empty, accounting for load combinations. Gravity dams can fail due to overturning, crushing, tension cracks, or sliding along foundation planes. Design aims to prevent failure from these modes.
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Canal falls are structures constructed across canals to lower the bed level to maintain the designed slope when there is a change in ground level. The main types of canal falls are ogee falls, stepped falls, vertical falls, rapid falls, and straight glacis falls. Canal escapes are side channels that remove surplus water from canals into natural drains. The main types are surplus escapes, tail escapes, and scouring escapes. Cross drainage works include structures like aqueducts and siphon aqueducts to allow canals to pass over drainages when their bed levels differ.
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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River bank erosion
- 1. Welcome To The Presentation Presented By : Md. Jahidul Islam M.Sc, 1st Semester ( 5th Batch) JAGANNATH UNIVERSITY, DHAKA Prepared by: Mojahidul islam, (725520357)
- 2. Presentation On Jamuna River Erosional Hazards and Rural Vulnerability in Bangladesh: A Case Study on Sirajgonj District
- 3. Introduction Importance of river • Water is the most important natural resources for planet earth • The prosperity of nation depends primarily upon the exploitation of this resource. • Primary wealth of nation is water which flow in the river.
- 4. What is erosion? As a river flow , the force of its moving water washes away loose soil and pieces of rocks. In this way the river cuts it own channel in the ground. This process is called erosion.
- 5. Problems of the Statement • Demographic impact • Economic hamper • Biodiversity loss • Human displacement
- 6. Literature review • Not only the floodplain inhabitants, but also the char land inhabitants are defenseless to river erosion (Aktar, 2013). • Geomorphic hazards demarcated as the instability of earth surface features treat that’s threat for human civilization (Gares et al., 1994). • The annual monsoons and tectonic settings dominate the sediment discharge in Jamuna (Rajib et al., 2011) and (Ashworth, 1996). • Rahman (1986) conducted to identify the possible economic strategies of the victims for their survival.
- 7. Objectives • To explore migration occur due to riverbank erosion of the study area. • To investigate the causes of river bank erosion in the study area • To review the potential losses in the study area
- 8. Study area • Sirajganj is a city found in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. • It is located 24.460 latitude and 89.710 longitude and it is situated at elevation 19 meters above sea level. • Sirajganj has a population of 127,481 making it the 7th biggest city in Rajshahi.
- 10. MethodologyPrimary data • Sources of Data Primary data Secondary data • Data collection Questionnaire survey personal observation • Data analysis Microsoft office, Excel, SPSS, GIS
- 11. Possible Outcomes • To find out the way to reduce or avoid the erosion • To identify the major determinant and characteristics • To show the trends of erosion and accretion of land along both sides of the river. • Find out the existing situation • To review the policies and laws regarding erosion