The document discusses the structure and required parts of a research paper. It recommends using the IMRD structure, which stands for Introduction, Methodology, Results, and Discussion. The Introduction section states the research problem and questions. The Methodology section describes the research methods, instruments, participants, and procedures. The Results section summarizes the main findings for each research question. Finally, the Discussion section analyzes and interprets the results.

1. IMRD
WRITING YOUR PAPER

2. Required Parts of Your Research Paper
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Discussion

3. Starter Questions
 1. How did you collect your data? (Data Gathering
Procedures)
 2. What have you done/learned so far?
 3. What else do you need to do/learn?

4. Required Parts of Your Research Paper
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Research Question 1
Research Question 2
Research Question 3
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
References

6. Required Parts of Your Research Paper
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Discussion

7. The Traditional Research Paper Structure
 Chapter I – The Problem and Its
Background
 Background of the Study
 Research Questions
 Scope and Limitation
 Hypothesis
 Theoretical Framework
 Conceptual Framework
 Significance of the Study
 Definition of Terms
 Chapter II – Review of Related
Literature
 Related literature
 Related studies
 Chapter III – Methodology
 Research Design
 Sampling
 Chapter IV – Presentation, Analysis
and Interpretation of Data
 Chapter V - Summary, Conclusions
and Recommendations

8. The Traditional Research Paper Structure
 Chapter I – The Problem and Its
Background
 Background of the Study
 Research Questions
 Scope and Limitation
 Hypothesis
 Theoretical Framework
 Conceptual Framework
 Significance of the Study
 Definition of Terms
 Chapter II – Review of Related
Literature
 Related literature
 Related studies
 Chapter III – Methodology
 Research Design
 Sampling
 Chapter IV – Presentation, Analysis
and Interpretation of Data
 Chapter V - Summary, Conclusions
and Recommendations

9. Required Parts of Your Research Paper
Introduction (What do you want to find out?)
Methodology (What did you do?)
Results (What did you find?)
Discussion (What do these findings mean?)

10. Some Benefits of IMRD Structure
1. It is concise.
2. It avoids repetition.
3. It doesn’t
compartmentalize
writing.
4. It is reader-friendly
5. It is publication-ready.

11. Introduction (What do you want to find out?)
CARS Model
Creating a research space
Move 1
Move 2
Move 3

12. Introduction
(What do you
want to find out?)

13. Methodology (What did you do?)
The methodology discusses the
following:
1. research design,
2. research locales,
3. samples and sampling techniques,
4. the subjects,
5. research instruments,
6. validation of the research
instruments,
7. data gathering procedures,
8. data analysis,
9. and the statistical tools and
treatment.

14. Methodology (What did you do?)
The methodology discusses the
following:
Type of research conducted
Methods and instruments used in data
collection
Participants in the study
Data gathering procedures

15. Required Parts of Your Research Paper
Results (What did you find?)
One paragraph overview
Research Question 1
Research Question 2
Research Question 3

16. Required Parts of Your Research Paper
Discussion (What do these findings mean?)
Major findings
Further discussion and explanation of findings
Meaning of findings
Significance of findings

17. Required Parts of Your Research Paper
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Research Question 1
Research Question 2
Research Question 3
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
References

18. Required Parts of Your Research Paper
Introduction
(What do you want to find out?)
3 – 5 pages
Methodology
(What did you do?)
2 – 5 pages
Results (What did you find?)
6 – 12 pages
Discussion (What do these
findings mean?)
4 – 8 pages

19. Book Review
 Page 2 (Overview)
 Page 46 (Introduction)
 Page 63 (Methodology)
 Page 79 (Results and Discussion)