Retail formats
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This document discusses various retail formats categorized by ownership. It identifies the main ownership models as independent stores, chain stores, franchising, leased department stores, vertical marketing systems, and consumer cooperatives. Independent stores are owned and operated by a single retailer, while chain stores have two or more outlets owned under joint control. Franchising involves a contractual agreement where a franchisee pays fees to a franchiser in exchange for using their brand name and operating format. Leased department stores involve renting space within a larger store. Vertical marketing systems integrate manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers to facilitate product flow. Consumer cooperatives are owned by their customers.
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Retail formats
The document discusses various retail formats categorized by ownership. Independent stores are owned by a single retailer, while chain stores have two or more outlets owned under joint control. Franchising involves a contractual agreement where a franchisee pays fees to the franchiser in exchange for using their brand name and operating format. Leased department stores section off areas of a larger store to outside retailers paying monthly rent. Vertical marketing systems integrate manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers to different degrees to facilitate product flow from creation to consumer. Formats provide options for retailers based on their resources and target markets.
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This document discusses different store-based retail formats. It identifies convenience stores, supermarkets, food-based superstores, and limited-line stores as food-based retailers. For general merchandise retailers it outlines specialty stores, full-line discount stores, factory outlets, membership clubs, flea markets, off-price chains, and traditional department stores. The document provides brief descriptions of each retail format's characteristics including store size, product assortments, pricing, and target customers.
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This document discusses different types of marketing intermediaries involved in retailing, wholesaling, and logistics. It describes various types of retailers including store retailers like department stores, supermarkets, and convenience stores. Non-store retailers discussed are direct selling, direct marketing, automatic vending, and buying services. The document also covers corporate retailing, franchising, wholesaling, and the key activities involved in logistics.
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The document discusses retailing, wholesaling, and logistics. It describes different types of retailers like department stores, supermarkets, and discount stores. Retailers make decisions about their target markets, product assortment, pricing, and promotion. Wholesalers help manufacturers reach many small business customers efficiently through activities like selling, promoting, bulk breaking, and financing. Market logistics involves planning the infrastructure to meet customer demand through decisions about the value proposition, channel design, operational excellence, and information systems.
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This document contains 10 multiple choice questions about retailing, wholesaling, and logistics from a learning document. It includes concepts and explanations for each question regarding types of warehouses, carrying costs, order processing systems, third-party logistics providers, product assortments, retail developments, levels of service, store formats, direct selling companies, and definitions of wholesaling.
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Retail formats
The document discusses various retail formats categorized by ownership. Independent stores are owned by a single retailer, while chain stores have two or more outlets owned under joint control. Franchising involves a contractual agreement where a franchisee pays fees to the franchiser in exchange for using their brand name and operating format. Leased department stores section off areas of a larger store to outside retailers paying monthly rent. Vertical marketing systems integrate manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers to different degrees to facilitate product flow from creation to consumer. Formats provide options for retailers based on their resources and target markets.
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This document discusses different store-based retail formats. It identifies convenience stores, supermarkets, food-based superstores, and limited-line stores as food-based retailers. For general merchandise retailers it outlines specialty stores, full-line discount stores, factory outlets, membership clubs, flea markets, off-price chains, and traditional department stores. The document provides brief descriptions of each retail format's characteristics including store size, product assortments, pricing, and target customers.
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The document discusses different types of retailers and retailing concepts. It describes retailers being classified based on the amount of service provided, breadth of product lines, prices charged, and organizational structure. Retailers range from self-service to full-service and include discount stores, department stores, supermarkets, and more. The document also covers retailer marketing decisions around target markets, product assortment, pricing, promotion, and location. It concludes by discussing trends in retailing like the growth of non-store formats and importance of technology.
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2) Enroll customers in a loyalty program where they receive a SIM card and credits on their mobile phone for making purchases over a minimum value at the retailer's stores.
3) Analyze customer shopping behavior and purchase data collected from the mobile phone to improve promotional campaigns and marketing efforts.
Implementing a mobile phone-based loyalty program through an MVNO can help retailers strengthen their brand, better engage customers
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The document provides an overview of retailing and sales management. It discusses key concepts like what constitutes retailing, the functions of retailers, different retail formats organized by ownership, merchandise, and store type. It also covers topics like evolution of Indian retail, private label brands, theories of retail development, consumer behavior and decision making, merchandising, and the role of merchandisers.
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This document classifies and describes different types of retail formats and structures. It discusses store-based retailing which can be sole proprietorships, partnerships, joint ventures, department stores, discount stores, specialty stores, hypermarkets, independent retailers, chain retailers, franchises, and leased departments. It also covers non-store based retailing including direct selling, television shopping, and vending machine retailing.
What marketing decisions do these marketing intermediaries make?
What marketing decisions do
these marketing intermediaries
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Retailers
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Retailing
Retailing includes all activities involved in selling goods or services directly to final consumers for personal use. Any organization that sells to final consumers is engaging in retailing, whether they are a manufacturer, wholesaler, or retailer. Retailers can be classified into types such as department stores, specialty stores, convenience stores, discount stores, off-price retailers, and super stores. Retail strategies include broad or narrow product assortment, high or low value added services, and targeting high or low margins with high or low volumes. Non-store retailing includes direct selling, direct marketing, automated vending, and buying services.
Major trends with marketing intermediaries
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Retailing refers to the sale of goods directly to consumers in small quantities. A retailer is someone who sells goods and services to end users. There are two main types of retailing in India: organized and unorganized. Organized retailers issue tax invoices and pay taxes, while unorganized retailers like mom-and-pop stores do not. Organized retailers can be further classified by their store format, merchandise, brands, pricing models, and more. Common retail store types include mom-and-pop stores, specialty stores, dollar stores, e-tailers, convenience stores, discount stores, department stores, and supermarkets.
retailing
The document discusses key concepts in retailing including:
1) Retailing involves selling consumer goods through multiple channels to earn a profit by satisfying consumer needs.
2) Retailers are classified based on ownership, operations, services, merchandising, and location of sales.
3) Successful retailers adapt to environmental factors like the economy, technology, and demographics.
4) Large retailers are increasingly dictating terms to suppliers through private labels, data analysis, and inventory management.
Chapter 10-marketing-channels-and-supply-chain-management
This chapter discusses key concepts relating to marketing channels and physical distribution. It explains that distribution channels involve organizations that make products available to consumers, and intermediaries help match supply and demand. The chapter then outlines different channel functions including transportation, inventory management, and order processing. It also identifies different channel structures, from direct to indirect channels, and discusses factors involved in selecting and evaluating channel members.
Retail organization and classification of retail units
This document discusses various ways to classify and organize retail businesses. It describes how retail units can be owned by manufacturers, wholesalers, independent retailers, consumers, cooperative societies or through franchising agreements. Retail units are also classified based on their ownership structure as independent retailers, retail chains or franchises. Additionally, retailers can be classified by their location as being in a free-standing site, business-associated location, or specialized markets. The document provides examples to illustrate different types of retailers based on their merchandise, prices, services offered and promotional strategies.
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This document defines and classifies different retail formats. Retail formats describe a retailer's operations and are typically classified by the type of products sold - food, hard goods, soft goods, or arts. Formats are also classified by ownership structure, merchandise offered, and presence of a physical store. Store-based formats include independent retailers, chains, franchises, leased departments, and cooperatives. Non-store formats comprise direct selling, e-tailing, mail order, vending, and telemarketing. Service formats are banks, car rentals, and service contracts. Organized retailing includes chain stores owned or franchised by a central entity providing licensed sales and taxes.
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Retailing involves the sale of goods directly to consumers for personal use, while wholesaling involves the sale of goods to retailers. There are two main types of retailers: store retailers which operate out of physical locations, and non-store retailers which sell through methods like catalogs, telemarketing, or online. Store retailers can be further classified by factors like the level of service provided, the breadth of products offered, relative pricing compared to competitors, and whether they are independent businesses or part of a chain. Non-store retailing is growing faster than store retailing and includes direct marketing, direct selling, and automatic vending.
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The document discusses different types of retailers and retailing concepts. It describes retailers being classified based on the amount of service provided, breadth of product lines, prices charged, and organizational structure. Retailers range from self-service to full-service and include discount stores, department stores, supermarkets, and more. The document also covers retailer marketing decisions around target markets, product assortment, pricing, promotion, and location. It concludes by discussing trends in retailing like the growth of non-store formats and importance of technology.
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This document summarizes major trends in marketing intermediaries, including retailing, wholesaling, and logistical organizations. In retailing, it outlines the rise of new retail formats that combine multiple services, increased competition between different store types and between stores and non-store retailers, growth of large retailers through supply chain efficiencies, increased investment in technology, and expansion of major retailers globally. For wholesaling, it notes increased competition and pressure to provide more services to retailers. Finally, it discusses how logistics organizations are integrating operations, forming partnerships, leveraging technology, and adapting to globalization.
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1) Launch their own Mobile Virtual Network Operator (MVNO) by partnering with an existing mobile network provider to offer mobile services under the retailer's brand.
2) Enroll customers in a loyalty program where they receive a SIM card and credits on their mobile phone for making purchases over a minimum value at the retailer's stores.
3) Analyze customer shopping behavior and purchase data collected from the mobile phone to improve promotional campaigns and marketing efforts.
Implementing a mobile phone-based loyalty program through an MVNO can help retailers strengthen their brand, better engage customers
What are the major trends with marketing intermediaries
Major trends in marketing intermediaries include the growth of new retail forms combining traditional stores with other services, increased competition between different types of retailers for customers, and competition between store-based and non-store retailers like online stores. Retailers are investing heavily in technology like GPS, sensors, and smart shopping carts. Global retailers are growing in size and influence over manufacturers. Wholesalers face pressure from new sources and are seen as just order takers rather than promoters of products. Logistics is facilitated by factors like integration, technology, legislation, and globalization, requiring third party logistics companies to understand market trends.
Retail and sales management
The document provides an overview of retailing and sales management. It discusses key concepts like what constitutes retailing, the functions of retailers, different retail formats organized by ownership, merchandise, and store type. It also covers topics like evolution of Indian retail, private label brands, theories of retail development, consumer behavior and decision making, merchandising, and the role of merchandisers.
Classification of retailing
This document classifies and describes different types of retail formats and structures. It discusses store-based retailing which can be sole proprietorships, partnerships, joint ventures, department stores, discount stores, specialty stores, hypermarkets, independent retailers, chain retailers, franchises, and leased departments. It also covers non-store based retailing including direct selling, television shopping, and vending machine retailing.
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these marketing intermediaries
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Retailers
Wholesalers
Logistics
Retailing
Retailing includes all activities involved in selling goods or services directly to final consumers for personal use. Any organization that sells to final consumers is engaging in retailing, whether they are a manufacturer, wholesaler, or retailer. Retailers can be classified into types such as department stores, specialty stores, convenience stores, discount stores, off-price retailers, and super stores. Retail strategies include broad or narrow product assortment, high or low value added services, and targeting high or low margins with high or low volumes. Non-store retailing includes direct selling, direct marketing, automated vending, and buying services.
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This document discusses several major trends in marketing intermediaries. It outlines trends in retailing like new combinations of retail types, increased competition between store-based and non-store retailers, and growing investment in technology. It also discusses trends in wholesaling like mounting pressure from new competition, demanding customers, and direct buying programs. Finally, it notes that third-party logistics providers must consider factors like integration, technology, legislation, and globalization to effectively plan for trends in the logistics industry.
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retailing
The document discusses key concepts in retailing including:
1) Retailing involves selling consumer goods through multiple channels to earn a profit by satisfying consumer needs.
2) Retailers are classified based on ownership, operations, services, merchandising, and location of sales.
3) Successful retailers adapt to environmental factors like the economy, technology, and demographics.
4) Large retailers are increasingly dictating terms to suppliers through private labels, data analysis, and inventory management.
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7P's of retailing
1. Product
Retailers must have the right assortment of products and sell them in a manner compatible with their marketing view retailers must decide on the number of assortments in the store and the number of products in each range. In addition, they must select the quality of the articles within each category, decide on pricing policy. Finally, retailers must determine if the assortments should generally be stable over time
2. Price
A price strategy should reflect the company's own objectives and be related to the sales and profit. The goals to be achieved can be established as income and/ or volume units.
a) Market penetration pricing strategy is used when the retailer wishes to acquire revenue by setting a low price and selling a large number of product units.
b) High price strategy is used by the company to attract customers who are not concerned about the price, but the service and prestige. Usually the strategy does not maximize sales, but brings great profit per unit.
c) Cost-oriented pricing strategy The retailer sets the price, adding the operating expenses and desired profit to the cost per unit. The difference between the merchandise cost and the selling price is the trade margin. With a variable margin policy, retailers adjust the margins on merchandise categories.
d) The strategy of prices adjustment to market conditions The retailer may adjust prices according to the demand or market segment. The best example of adapting the retailer prices from Romania to the market demand are represented by some food prices (oil, sugar, flour) and durable goods prices (electronics, appliances, cars) in 2008.
e) Competition-oriented price strategy A retailer can use competition prices as guide. A company may not modify prices if there have been changes in demand or costs, if they are not modified by competition. Similarly, a firm may change its prices if the competition changes them, even if there have not been changes in demand or costs.
3. Place
Some specialists substituted in the literature the term "distribution channel" with "marketing channel” This change aims to emphasize the role of intermediaries in the distribution process, to create value for users or consumers, adding the utility of form, possession, time and place. In addition, the role of marketing channels is not only to participate in demand satisfaction by offering goods and services, but it also requires active participation to stimulate demand through information, creating proximity and promotion developed by members of the economic units network that form the channel. The product must be available at the right place (Product category), at the right time (time you sell your product), and in the right quantity (enough stock).
4. Promotion
Some specialists considers that the role of the promotion policy in the retail business is to attract potential consumers (creating traffic in store) to convert visitors into consumers and to retain buye
Retail format
This document defines and describes various retail store formats and non-store retail formats. Store retail formats include department stores, specialist stores, category killers, convenience stores, supermarkets/superstores/hypermarkets, catalogue shops, discount stores, and factory outlets. Non-store retail formats consist of mail order, direct selling, personal retailing, telesales, and internet retailing. Each format is briefly characterized, such as department stores offering a wide product range across multiple floors and specialist stores focusing on a narrow customer segment.
14 presentation
This chapter discusses different types of retailers, wholesalers, and direct marketers. It begins by explaining the concept of retailing and how retailers have evolved over time. It then covers retailing strategy, including selecting target markets and developing the marketing mix. The chapter also discusses wholesaling intermediaries and their functions. It concludes by comparing different types of direct marketing and nonstore retailing.
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Customer Relationship Management is a continuously updated process that identifies customer value and designs interactions to delight customers so they remain loyal and become brand ambassadors. Successful CRM requires full employee involvement and appropriate technology. Retailing involves the last interaction between a company's products and consumers. It is highly personalized and relies on consistent customer visits to be successful. Various retail formats have emerged to classify different types of stores.
Retailing Dictionary A To Z Retail Business
This document provides definitions for over 100 common retail business terms starting with A through G. Some of the key terms defined include:
- Anchor store: A major store used to drive customers to smaller retailers in a shopping center.
- Brand: A name, symbol or mark associated with a seller's goods/services that distinguishes them from competitors.
- Brick and mortar: Refers to physical retail stores located in a building rather than online.
- Category killer store: A large specialty store with an enormous selection in its product category and low prices that draws customers from a wide area.
- Department store: A large retail unit organized into departments selling a wide variety of goods and services
Good governance ppt
This document discusses retailing and wholesaling. It defines retailing as selling goods directly to consumers, and a retailer as a business that primarily generates sales through retailing. There are two types of retailing: store retailing like supermarkets and department stores, and non-store retailing like online sales. Retailers are also classified based on their level of customer service, product line, relative prices, and organizational approach. The document then discusses retailers' marketing decisions around target markets, positioning, product assortment, prices, promotion, and place. It concludes by discussing trends in retailing like the growth of non-store formats and the challenges wholesalers face moving into the 21st century.
Retailing in India
This document provides an overview and introduction to the world of retailing. It defines key terms like retailing and retailer. It discusses the differences between retail and wholesale operations. It also outlines the value retailers provide to both consumers and manufacturers. Retailers add value by breaking bulk, holding inventory, providing assortment and offering services. The document notes that retailing is a dynamic, high-tech industry with many career opportunities beyond just store-level jobs. It also emphasizes that retailers play an important role in the distribution channel.
Introduction to Retail Business.pptx
This document provides an introduction to retail business. It defines retailing as the sale of goods to consumers in small quantities for personal use. Retailing involves interpreting consumer needs, developing merchandise assortments, and presenting products effectively. The retail industry in India is largely unorganized and consists of small, independent shops. Retail management helps increase sales and customer satisfaction through understanding consumer behavior.
Distribution strategy ppt
This document discusses distribution channels and strategies. It defines distribution channels as the set of organizations involved in making a product available to consumers. Common channel members discussed include manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and consumers. The document also summarizes the functions of marketing intermediaries like brokers and wholesalers in facilitating the flow of products. These intermediaries help reduce the number of transactions needed to make a sale. The summary concludes by briefly mentioning wholesaler marketing decisions around target markets, product selection, pricing, promotion, and place.
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Marketing orientation ort philosophies depict the various thought processes related to marketing or its evolution
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Price is the sum of all the values that customers give up to gain the benefits of having or using a product or service
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Retail Image refers to how a retailer is perceived by customers and others.To succeed, a retailer must communicate a distinctive, clear, and consistent image.
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Store layout is an arrangement of the store that include space management, product display, network of passages, arrangement for amenities and customer convenience and other facilities required.
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Hypothesis is a formal statement that represents the expected relationship between an independent and dependent variable.
It is an assumption about the relationship between two or more variables and is predictive in nature
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The long term plan the retailers make in order to achieve their objective is called retail strategy.
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This document discusses the stages of internationalization that companies go through as they expand globally. It begins by outlining several drivers of corporate internationalization including cost drivers, government drivers, competitive drivers, and market drivers. It then describes 5 stages of internationalization that companies typically progress through: 1) Domestic Company, 2) International Company, 3) Multinational Company, 4) Global Company, and 5) Transnational Company. For each stage, it provides details on the company's strategy, view of world markets, orientation, key assets, and the role of country units. It concludes by summarizing the differences between each stage in a chart.
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Douglas Wind and Pelmutter advocated four approaches to international business: the ethnocentric approach, polycentric approach, regiocentric approach, and geocentric approach. The ethnocentric approach involves exporting the same products designed for the domestic market to foreign countries. The polycentric approach decentralizes decision-making to foreign executives. The regiocentric approach markets similar products designed for a region to neighboring countries. The geocentric approach operates subsidiaries globally as independent companies coordinated by the headquarters.
International Business Environment- Domestic, Foreign & Global Environment
The document discusses the influence of domestic, foreign, and global environments on international business. It identifies controllable variables such as finance, production, human resources, and marketing. It also identifies uncontrollable variables including the domestic environment, foreign environment, and global environment. The global environment encompasses factors like the international economic environment, regional economic groups and agreements, and international financial institutions. Understanding the business environments is important for businesses to determine market potential, how to enter foreign markets, production scale, labor deployment, financing operations, marketing strategies, and compensation.
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The Rural Environment
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Phase I (prior to 1960) consisted of agricultural marketing and exchanges of crafts and utensils; Phase II (1960-1980) saw the entry of consumer goods companies and changes in rural demand due to the Green Revolution; Phase III (1990-2000) included new service sectors, pro-rural government initiatives, and companies launching rural-focused products; Phase IV (after 2000) featured financial inclusion, media expansion, hiring of rural staff, and improved standards of living through various government programs.
Introduction to Rural marketing
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- Rural marketing focuses more on development than transactions, customer satisfaction, and increasing living standards through a mutually beneficial process.
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Retail formats
- 1. RETAIL FORMATS PART –I (BASED ON OWNERSHIP) VIJYATA LIKE SHARE SUBSCRIBE
- 2. Retailing is as old as civilization, and with times the business of retailing has undergone various transformations keeping the central gist of trading to the final consumer intact. The store change their format, style of presentation and assortment, i.e the variety and depth of merchandise as per the requirements of the customers. There are different type of retailing formats, which can be opted by a retailer based on their target market and own resources.
- 3. RETAIL FORMATS Ownership Independent Chain Franchise Vertical marketing system Consumer Cooperatives Store-based Retailing Food-based Retailing Convenience Store Supermarket Food-based Superstore Limited-line store General Merchandise Retailers Specialty Store Full-line Discount store Factory Outlet Membership Club Flea Market Off-price Chain Traditional Departmental Store Non store based Retailing Direct Marketing Mail Orders Vending Machine Webstores Tele-stores Other
- 4. Retail Formats based on Ownership INDEPENDENT STORE • An independent retailer owns one retail unit. • Independent store are associated with the ease of entry into the marketplace, due to low capital requirements and no, or relatively simple, licensing provisions CHAIN STORES • A chain retailer or a chain store is a group of two or more outlets carrying the same sort of merchandise assortment, owned and controlled jointly and usually supplied from one or more central warehouses. • Involves in common purchasing and decision-making.
- 5. Retail Formats based on Ownership FRANCHISING A Franchise is a contractual agreement between the franchiser and the franchisee that allows the franchisee the right to supply its brand (goods and services) exclusively within a defined area, as per a particular format for a return, franchisee pays a fixed fee in advance and a specified period of time. In return, franchisee pays a fixed fee in advance and a monthly percentage of gross sales made by him under franchiser name and fame in the form of royalty. LEASED DEPARTMENT STORES A leased department which is also known as shop-in-shops or store-in- store, is section of a department in a retail store in the form of specialty/discount store given to any outside party on monthly rental basis. The person who provides the store space to outside party is known as lessor, and the person who takes the shop/store space is known as lessee.
- 6. Retail Formats based on Ownership VERTICAL MARKETING SYSTEM A Vertical Marketing System (VMS) is a system in which almost all the members of distribution channel such as manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers work together to satisfy human needs and wants by facilitating the smooth flow of goods and services from manufacturer to ultimate consumer. Fully integrated VMS Partially integrated VMS Independent firm VMS Independent firm VMS Partially integrated VMS
- 7. Retail Formats based on Ownership Partially integrated VMS Fully integrated VMS Independent firm VMS Independent firm VMS is a marketing system where manufacturers play vital role to provide goods and services to customers. Independent retailers on the other hand, target their customer base and build Loyalty by becoming friendly retailer and mouth advertisement. Partially integrated VMS is a marketing system in which two independent. Financially strong firms along a channel of distribution perform all manufacturing and distribution functions without the involvement of any intermediary Fully integrated VMS is a system where one member of the distribution channel for say manufacturer performs all production, storage and distribution functions without the involvement of any channel member
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