Intensive care unit (ICU) equipment includes patient monitoring, respiratory and cardiac support, pain management, emergency resuscitation devices, and other life support equipment.

1. RESUSCITATION
EQUIPMENTS IN ICU
Dr. VINOLI.S.G
Professor Cum HOD Medical Surgical Nursing Dept
Universal College of Nursing
Bangalore

2. INTRODUCTION
Intensive care unit (ICU) equipment
includes patient monitoring, respiratory and
cardiac support, pain management,
emergency resuscitation devices, and other life
support equipment.
They are designed to care for patients
who are seriously injured, have a critical or
life-threatening illness, or have undergone a
major surgical procedure thereby requiring 24-
hour care and monitoring.
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3. TYPES OF DEVICES
Intensive care unit equipment includes
1) Patient monitoring devices
2) Life support and emergency
resuscitation devices, and
3) Diagnostic devices
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4. PATIENT MONITORING EQUIPMENT
• Arterial line
• Bed side monitor
• Blood pressure device (sphygmomanometer)
• Blood pressure monitor
• Electrocardiograph(ECG or EKG machine)
• Electroencephalograph(EEG machine)
• Intracranial pressure monitor
• Pulse Oximeter
• Glucometer
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5. LIFE SUPPORT AND EMERGENCY
RESUSCITATION DEVICES
• Mechanical Ventilator
• Laryngoscope
• Airway
• Infusion pump
• Crash cart(Resuscitation cart)
• Intra aortic balloon pump (IABP)
•Continuous Positive Air Pressure Machine
(CPAP)
• Defibrillator
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6. DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT
•Mobile x-ray units
•Portable clinical laboratory devices
• Bronchoscope
•Colonoscopy
•Endoscope
•Gastroscope
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7. Tubes & Catheters in the ICU
Disposable ICU equipment includes
1. Urinary catheter
2. Urinary drainage collector
3. Suction catheter
4. Nasogastric (NG) tube
5. Intravenous(IV) line or catheter
6. Feeding tube
7. Breathing tube (Endotracheal tube)
8. Central venous catheter (CVC)
9. Shunt
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8. ARTERIAL LINE
Arterial line placement is a common
procedure in various critical care
settings.
Intra-arterial blood pressure (BP)
measurement is more accurate than
measurement of BP by noninvasive
means, especially in the critically ill.
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9. PURPOSES
Patients may require an arterial line
for:
1.Monitoring continuous blood pressure
especially in patients with hemodynamic
instability.
2. When vasoactive medications are needed
and the responses to such medications
require continuous blood pressure
monitoring.
3. For patients who require frequent blood
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10. COMPLICATIONS
Potential Complications
Associated With Arterial Lines
1) Hemorrhage
2) Air Emboli
3) Infection
4) Altered Skin Integrity
5) Impaired Circulation
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11. CENTRAL I.V CATHETERS
A central venous catheter is a special
IV line that is inserted into a large vein in
the body. Several veins are used for
central venous catheters including those
located in the shoulder (subclavian vein),
neck (jugular vein), and groin (femoral
vein).
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12. Purposes of central vein I.V catheter
• When the patient either does not have
adequate veins in the arms or needs
special medications and/or nutrition
that cannot be given through the
smaller arm veins.
• Serve as a guide of fluid balance in
critically ill patients.
• Determine the function of the right side
of the heart.
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13. Nurses role in patient with central I.V lines
1. Monitor for the signs of complications.
2. Assess for patency of the CVP line.
3. Sterile dressing should be done to prevent
infection (CVP care per the hospital
protocol)
4.The length of the indwelling catheter
should be recorded and regularly
monitored.
5. Follow strict aseptic technique when
handling CVC
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14. BEDSIDE MONITOR/CARDIAC MONITOR
• A bedside monitor is a display of major
body functions on a device that looks
like a television screen or computer
monitor.
• The monitor is attached to wires, called
leads. At the other end, the leads are
attached to sensing devices attached to
the patient's body.
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15. • The sensing device sends electronic
signals to the monitor, which displays
the readings for the specific body
function being monitored.
• The monitor is typically used when the
doctor wants to measure functions like
the heart rate, respiratory rate, blood
pressure and temperature.
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16. ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC (ECG)
• Electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring is
routinely used in hospitals for patients with
a wide range of cardiac and non-cardiac
diagnoses.
• Besides simple monitoring of heart rate and
detection of life-threatening arrhythmias,
the goals of ECG monitoring include
detection of myocardial ischemia, diagnosis
of complex arrhythmia, and identification of
a prolonged QT interval.
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17. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY (EEG)
• Electroencephalography, technique for
recording and interpreting the electrical activity
of the brain.
• The measurements given by an EEG are used to
confirm or rule out various conditions, including:
– seizure disorders (such as epilepsy ),
– head injury,
– Encephalitis
– brain tumor,
– memory problems,
– stroke etc.
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18. INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE MONITOR
• Patients with brain injury of any etiology are
at risk for developing increased intracranial
pressure.
• Acute intracranial hypertension is a medical
emergency requiring immediate
intervention to prevent permanent damage
to the brain
• Intracranial pressure (ICP) data from
electronic monitoring equipment are
usually calculated and recorded hourly in
the clinical chart by trained nurses.
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19. PULSE OXIMETERY
• Pulse oximetry is universally used for
monitoring patients in the critical care
setting.
• A pulse oximeter is the device that
measures and displays the oxygen
arterial saturation.
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20. LIFE SUPPORT AND EMERGENCY
RESUSCITATION DEVICES
• Mechanical ventilator
• Defibrillator
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21. I.V INFUSION PUMPS
• An external infusion pump is a medical
device used to deliver medications &
fluids into a patient’s body in a controlled
manner.
• Infusion pumps may be capable of
delivering medications & fluids in large or
small amounts, and may be used to
deliver nutrients or medications – such
as insulin or other hormones, antibiotics,
chemotherapy drugs, and pain relievers.
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22. TYPES
A number of commonly used infusion pumps
are designed for specialized purposes. These
include:
• Enteral pump - A pump used to deliver liquid
nutrients and medications to a patient’s digestive
tract.
• Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump - A
pump used to deliver pain medication, which is
equipped with a feature that allows patients to
self-administer a controlled amount of
medication, as needed.
• Insulin pump - A pump typically used to deliver
insulin to patients with diabetes. Insulin pumps
are frequently used in the home
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23. Nurses role in patient with I.V infusion
pump
• Using aseptic technique and universal
precautions, IV infusion should be set.
• Monitor the pump and patient frequently to
ensure correct operation.
• Keep the pump plugged in when possible to
ensure that the battery is fully charged at all
times.
• Set the flow rate as prescribed calculating the
amount of fluid.
• Observe for the signs of infiltration or other
complications such as thrombophlebitis.
• Fluid or electrolyte overload and embolism
before administration.
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24. RESUSCITATION CART (CRASH CART)
The Resuscitation cart contains all of
the equipment and medications needed
for advanced life support and CPR
(cardiopulmonary resuscitation).
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25. PURPOSES OF RESUSCITATION CART (CRASH
CART)
• To enhance the Code Blue team’s response to
patients with emergency medical situations by
providing immediate access to supplies and
medications.
• A specific crash cart type facilitates staff
familiarity with equipment
• It is help to ensure a properly stocked
emergency cart will be readily available
• It also ensures a properly functioning
defibrillator will be readily available.
• It helps to save the valuable time at the time of
emergency.
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26. CONTENTS RESUSCITATION CART
(CRASH CART)
• Monitor/defibrillators , suction devices,
and bag valve masks (BVMs) of different
sizes.
• Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) drugs
such as
1. Epinephrine
2. Atropine
3. Amiodarone
4. Lidocaine
5. sodium bicarbonate
6. Dopamine and vasopressin.
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27. CONTENTS RESUSCITATION CART (CRASH CART)
• Drugs for rapid sequence intubation:
succinylcholine or another paralytic , and
a sedative such as etomidate or
midazolam; endotracheal tubes and other
intubating equipment & different sizes of
ET tubes.
• Drugs for peripheral and central venous
access
• Pediatric equipment (common pediatric
drugs, intubation equipment, etc.)
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28. Some common items used in Critical
care unit
• Bed pad
• Bedpan
• Gloves
• Hand-washing Foam
• Hospital Beds and Mattresses
• Hospital Clothing
• Intravenous (IV) Feeding
• Intravenous (IV) Fluids
• Liquid Tube Feeding
• Oxygen Supply
• Drug supply etc.
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