The document discusses resin transfer molding (RTM) and resin infusion molding techniques, detailing the processes, materials, and benefits of each method. RTM is a closed mold process that promotes high fiber volume fractions and low emissions, while resin infusion uses a flexible bag to create negative pressure for molding. Both techniques are cost-effective for producing high-quality composite parts across various applications, including aerospace and automotive sectors.

1. Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)
And
Resin Infusion Molding

2. Adnan Askani
Ahsen Ali
Jamila Mustafa
Maaz Shoaib
Hina Ibrahim
Group Members
(GROUP # 08)

3.  Resin transfer moulding is also
known as liquid transfer moulding
process
 RTM is a closed-mold that uses
continuous fibres
Introduction

4.  Closed mold process ; resin is not in
direct contact with the air
 Low emission of volatile components
Why RTM is a Close Mould
process?

5.  Type
 E-glass, S-glass
 Carbon/graphite
 Aramid
 Preforms - preshaping of
reinforcement
Reinforcement used in RTM

6.  RESINS:
 Polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy
ADDITIVES:
 Filler
 Hardener
 CORE MATERIAL
 Foams, balsa
Resin used in RTM

7. BASIC PROCESSING STEPS:
A=Low viscosity resin
B=Catalyst

8.  The preform is placed inside the mold
 The mold is heated to a specified
temperature
 Resin is injected through inlet ports.

9.  Resin is injected until the mold is
completely filled.
 After curing the composite part is
removed from the mold.

10.  Overview
 Brainstorming objectives
 Rules
 Brainstorming activities
 Summarize
 Next steps
Agenda

11. PROCESS PARAMETERS
• . FIBER VOLUME
• Fiber Volume Fraction:65%
PRESSURE
• Processing Pressure:max.200KPa
TEMPERATURE
• Processing temperature:20-50 degree
celsius
PRODUCTION RATE
• Production rate:1-4/hour/mould

12. FIBER VOLUME
• In RTM ,there is a higher fiber
volume fractions .
• Due to higher fiber volume, we have
less void fractions as compared to
other processes.
• In RTM we can achieve upto 65%
volume fractions.

13. PRESSURE:
• The pressure in the mold is applied using
resin injection pressure
• This helps the resin flow inside the mold
through the cavities
• Typically, the resin pressure is low usually
in the range of 10-100 psi

14. TEMPERATURE
• Temperature is strictly related to the injection
pressure and the viscosity of the resin.
• Temperature selection during,RTM process
depends on the type of resin.

15. PRODUCTION RATE
This process is wellsuited for mass production of:
• 100 to 10,000 units/year of highquality composite fiberglass or fiber-
reinforced plastic parts.

16. ● Production cost: Low Initial investment and less operating expenses makes its
production cost moderate
● Material cost: Fiber and resin cost is high due to the use of continuous fiber and
thermoset resin
● Tooling cost: simple and inexpensive tool are used hence low tool cost
● Equipment cost: Low cost equipments .

17. ● Dimensionally accurate complex shapes.
● Small and 3-D bent parts.
● Best for thin wall open shapes.
● Good surface finish.
PART GEOMETRY

18. • Uniform part size and thickness
• Consistent material usage
• Finished surface on both sides
• Reduced VOC emissions – less environmental impact
• Lighter weight part

19. • Costly
• Higher cycle times
• Requires trial and error experimentation for complex parts

20. In complex aircraft parts Boat hulls wind turbine blades

21. •Aerospace and automobile parts
•Bathroom fixtures, car body, helmet, etc.
APPLICATIONS:

22. Acronyms for the resin infusion :
 MVI. Modified Vacuum Infusion (Airbus
technology).
 SCRIMP Process. Seeman Composites
 VAP. by EADS.
 VARIM. (Lotus Cars).
 DVB process. NASA developed
 CAPRI process. by Boeing Aircraft Co.
RESIN INFUSION MOLDING

23. MAJOR DIFFERENCES
RTM Resin Infusion
Two rigid tools One rigid and one flexible
Positive pressure Negative pressure

24. Step 1 The Mold
Prepare your mold clean and apply mold release
agent.
Select your reinforcement E-glass
S-glass
Carbon fibre
Kevlar
 Select your flow media and/or core material
 EnkaFusion Nylon Matting
 DIVINYMAT Sandwich Core
 Lantor Soric® XF
SETUP AND EQUIPMENT

25. Step 2
 Installation of vacuum and resin lines
 And finally the vacuum bag
 The bag should be tight
 Before the pump is switched on, it is
important to clamp off the resin line
 Use of resin trap
SETUP AND EQUIPMENT

26.  Step 3 Vacuum Pump
Attach the pump it is quite beneficial to
have a stronger pump
Ensure proper vacuum leaks pose the biggest
problem
SETUP AND EQUIPMENT

27. Step 4 Prepare for Infusion
Select your resin
 Vinyl Ester
 Polyester
 Epoxy
Resin Bucket Set-up
 Mix up the resin
 Resin bucket assembly is firmly in place
SETUP AND EQUIPMENT

28. Once the laminate is completely wet out
 Clamp off resin line
 Keep the pump running (recommended)
 Open the mold to extract the part
Application
 Boat hulls
 Wind turbine blades
 Aerospace and automobile parts
The last step

29. ADVANTAGES
 Cost effective
 High quality and high strength
 Physically larger parts (boat hulls, wind turbine blades)
 Dry handling of reinforcement
 The low emission of volatiles

30. Limitations
Slow manufacturing process
Considerable waste for large parts (vacuum bag film, resin tubing)
Horizon broke the world record in 2005 with a 136-foot hull.