Data and data collection in qualitative researchRizky Amelia
This is about data and data collection methods in qualitative research, including interviews, observations, introspective, think-aloud, retrospective, questionnaires, documents, and production task. completely great :)
Scientific research deals with verifiable methods of collecting and analysing information regarding two or more variables (phenomena) with the primary aim of determining how they relate. In the Social Sciences, there are several ways of gathering these information. Depending on the problem under investigation and research design, data could be collected through various sources: primary and secondary using varied approaches and methods.
This study attempts an in-depth explication of the various known techniques and methods of data collection especially at its primary source (in keeping with the tenets of survey and descriptive researches). In specific terms, the study discussed in extenso the use of observation, interview and in practical terms questionnaires as instruments for data collection
Analysis of data is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision-making.
Research methodology at students of university
OBJECTIVE
To explain the concept of Educational Research
To describe the scope of Educational Research
To Identity fundamental research
This presentation describes the importance of literature review, how to run literature search, and how to write it. Tools to manage references are also covered.
Steps of Writing a Research Proposal
Most proposals should contain at least these elements:
Title Page
-1st Step : Introduction
-2nd Step : Review of Related Literature
-3rd Step : Research Design
-4th Step : Data Analysis & Expected Findings
-5th Step : Reference list or bibliography
-6th Step : Budget & Expected Schedule
A PRESENTATION ON RESEARCH METHODS: SELECTION OF A RESEARCH TOPIC, FORMULATING A HYPOTHESIS, PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES IN RESEARCH, QUANTITATIVE VS QUALITATIVE DEBATE & SELECTION OF A RESEARCH METHOD
Data and data collection in qualitative researchRizky Amelia
This is about data and data collection methods in qualitative research, including interviews, observations, introspective, think-aloud, retrospective, questionnaires, documents, and production task. completely great :)
Scientific research deals with verifiable methods of collecting and analysing information regarding two or more variables (phenomena) with the primary aim of determining how they relate. In the Social Sciences, there are several ways of gathering these information. Depending on the problem under investigation and research design, data could be collected through various sources: primary and secondary using varied approaches and methods.
This study attempts an in-depth explication of the various known techniques and methods of data collection especially at its primary source (in keeping with the tenets of survey and descriptive researches). In specific terms, the study discussed in extenso the use of observation, interview and in practical terms questionnaires as instruments for data collection
Analysis of data is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of discovering useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision-making.
Research methodology at students of university
OBJECTIVE
To explain the concept of Educational Research
To describe the scope of Educational Research
To Identity fundamental research
This presentation describes the importance of literature review, how to run literature search, and how to write it. Tools to manage references are also covered.
Steps of Writing a Research Proposal
Most proposals should contain at least these elements:
Title Page
-1st Step : Introduction
-2nd Step : Review of Related Literature
-3rd Step : Research Design
-4th Step : Data Analysis & Expected Findings
-5th Step : Reference list or bibliography
-6th Step : Budget & Expected Schedule
A PRESENTATION ON RESEARCH METHODS: SELECTION OF A RESEARCH TOPIC, FORMULATING A HYPOTHESIS, PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES IN RESEARCH, QUANTITATIVE VS QUALITATIVE DEBATE & SELECTION OF A RESEARCH METHOD
RESEARCH APPROACHES AND DESIGNS
A Research design is the framework or guide used for the planning, implementation and analysis of a study. It is a systematic plan of what is to be done, how it will be done and how the data will be analyzed.
ELEMENTS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
Research design is also known as a blueprint thatresearchers select to carry out their research study,sometimes research design is used interchangeably withthe term methodology. Research design includes majorelements like:
The Approach
The Population, Sample and Sampling Technique
The Time, Place and Sources of Data collection
Tools and methods of data collection
Methods of data analysis
How to write Research methodology Thesis, How to write research proposal, what is research methodology, how to write research paper, research tools, Dr.Narendranath Guria
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
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Reverse Pharmacology.
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The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
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For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
ESC Beyond Borders _From EU to You_ InfoPack general.pdf
Research Methodology Workshop - Quantitative and Qualitative
1. Research Methodology Workshop
Quantitative & Qualitative
Dr. Philip Vaughter, UNU-IAS
ProsPER.Net Young Researchers’ School
10th March 2017
Vietnam National University – Ho Chi Minh City
2. Why the big deal about
methodology?
• A clear methodology section is one of the most
critical parts of a research proposal
• It is also the part that even the most experienced
researchers have difficulty in writing
2
3. Why the big deal about
methodology?
• Purpose of a methodology section
I. To explain how the data was generated
II. To explain how the data was analyzed
When writing a methodology, it is critical to provide
enough information so that others can repeat the
experiment/study and reproduce the results, or
understand the context the results were generated
in so that the audience can judge whether your
conclusions are valid.
3
4. Some tips for your methodology
section
• When writing a methodology section, it is best to
be direct and precise
• Try and operationalize any terminology you use
so that your audience can follow your
methodology clearly
4
5. Steps in writing your
methodology
1) Research Background
1) Goals and Objectives of the Research
1) Propose Methodology
1) Determine Sources of Data
1) Develop a Timeline
5
6. 1) Research Background
• This is a reference back to literature review on the
given topic, explaining what methodologies have
been used by other researchers to examine the
same or similar topics.
• These methodologies do not necessarily have to
be incorporated into the study, but it is a good
idea to acknowledge them and explain why or
why not they are appropriate for the given study.
• Note: This is an important early step, but is not
research, it is review
6
7. 2) Goals and Objectives of
Research
• In this section, lay out the research objective of
the given study
7
8. 3) Propose Methodology
• Present a rationale for why a given methodology
was chosen to investigate the field of interest.
• Helpful tip: present a flow chart of some form of
visual aid to illustrate the methodology being
presented
8
9. 4) Determine Sources of Data
• Explicitly state what your sources of data will be.
Note, if you are collecting data on people or animals,
you will need to get ethical approval both from the
institution you are researching and potentially the
jurisdiction you will be researching in.
• Explicitly state what type of data you will be collecting
from your sources.
• Explain how this data will be gathered, including type
of sampling techniques or equipment used in the
collection process.
• If any measurements or categorizations are made
during data collection, explain briefly how these were
made. 9
10. 5) Develop a Timeline
• Develop a timetable for completion of the various
stages of work for the methodology (e.g.,
methodology development, data
collection/fieldwork, data processing, analysis,
results interpretation, etc.)
10
11. Types of Data, Types of Research
Methods
Typically, researchers choose from three
methodological approaches:
I. Quantitative
II. Qualitative
III. Mixed
11
12. Quantitative Research Methods
• Quantitative research methods are
characterized by the collection of information
which can be analyzed numerically
• Results are typically presented using
statistics, tables, and/or graphs
• Because quantitative data is numeric, the
collection and analysis of representative
samples is commonly used
• The more representative the sample, the more
likely that the quantitative analysis will reflect
results that can be generalized
12
13. Quantitative Research Methods
• However, even if sample is representative,
quantitative data can be useless unless the
data collection instruments are appropriate,
well designed, and clearly explained to the
users of the data
• Example: Data collected using poorly
designed questionnaires may solicit a huge
amount of data, but result in much of it being
unusable because it is impossible to
generalize
• All too often, designers of data collection tools
frame qualitative questions quantitatively and
vice versa
13
14. Quantitative Research Methods
• Strengths of Quantitative Data Analysis
Numeric estimates
Opportunity for relatively uncomplicated data
analysis
Data which are verifiable
Data which are comparable between different
communities and locations
Data which do not require analytical judgment
beyond consideration of how information will
be presented in the dissemination process
14
15. Quantitative Research Methods
• Weaknesses of Quantitative Data Analysis
Gaps in information – ex., data which are not
included in collection cannot be included in
analysis
Labor intensive data collection process
Often, limited participation by populations
affected in the information collection process
15
16. Qualitative Research Methods
• Qualitative research is by definition
exploratory
• It is used when we don’t know what to expect,
how to define an issue, or there is a lack of
understanding of why and how variables are
affected
• Qualitative data is useful for both exploring
both groups and individual entities, and can
generate case studies and summaries rather
than lists of numeric data
• Qualitative data are often textual observations that
portray attitudes, perceptions, or intentions
16
17. Qualitative Research Methods
• Qualitative methods and analysis provide
added value in exploring intangible factors
• Ex., cultural expectations, gender roles, individual
feelings
• Sample size must be big enough to assure
inclusion of most or all of the variance in the
data
• Often times, the number of sample sites,
groups, or categorizations becomes obvious
as assessment progresses and new
categories, themes, and explanations stop
emerging from the data (theoretical
saturation)
17
18. Qualitative Research Methods
• Strengths of Qualitative Data Analysis
Rich and detailed information
Perspectives that can include specific cultural
and social contexts (the human voice)
Inclusion of diverse cross-section
Data collection which can be carried out with
limited resources
Data collection which can be carried out with
limited respondents
18
19. Qualitative Research Methods
• Weaknesses of Qualitative Data Analysis
Results un data which are not objectively
verifiable
Requires a labor intensive analysis process
(categorization, recording, etc.)
Needs skilled data collectors for consistency
and nuance
19