This document discusses SQL and relational database management systems. It provides definitions of SQL, DML, DDL, and DCL. SQL is used to manipulate data stored in relational databases. Relational database management systems (RDBMS) use relational models to store information and maintain relationships between tables. Examples of RDBMS software include Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, and Oracle. The document also discusses using SQL and RDBMS for a library management system, with examples of database tables to store book, customer, staff, branch, issue, and return information. It recommends using a computerized customer service system, digital IDs, RFID chips in books, and restricting database access for security.

1. Presented by:
Farouq Umar Idris
Sadik Mikail
Halima Musa Abdullahi

2.  Structured Query Language (more often
known as SQL) is a programming language
specially designed to help user in manipulating
data that are stored in relational database
management system (RDBMS).

3.  Data manipulation language (DML)
 Data definition language (DDL)
 Data control language (DCL)

4.  Select
 Delete
 Update
 Insert

5.  Create
 Drop
 Alter

6.  Grant
 Revoke

7.  A database is a collection of organised data.
E.g. collecting information about all employees
in an organisation.

8.  Database management systems (DBMS) are
applications specially designed for the purpose
of interacting with the user, the built database
and other applications when capturing and
analysing data. There are lots of software
systems that are general-purpose database
management system software which allows
user to create, define, make querry, update and
administer databases. Some of this software
includes Microsoft access, MySQL, SQLite,
FoxPro, dBASE, Oracle, FileMaker Pro etc.

9.  Relational database management system
(known as RDBMS) is an extension of database
management system which is based on
relational modelling. It has become a
predominant choice of information storage in
newly created databases used in personnel
data, logistics, manufacturing, finance etc.

10.  DBMS is used in just managing database while
RDBMS is used to maintain relationship among
tables.
 DBMS accepts flat file entry data type but RDBMS
does not
 RDBMS is used in complex applications while
DBMS is used in simpler applications
 RDBMS enforces the use and rules of foreign key
but DMBS does not
 DBMS manage only small entry of data while
RDBMS can manage both large and small entry
sets of data.

11.  SQL Server is a server based database while
Microsoft Access is used as local database.
 Access is used for small desktop size databases
used by less than 5 users at the same time while
SQL Server is a more robust system and is able to
handle large amounts of users as well as data sizes
 MS-access have a front end GUI system to design
applications quickly while does not have front end
GUI system so it will require other development
tools (Visual Studios, .NET, VB, C++, etc.)

12.  A library is a collection of organized
information and resources which is made
accessible to a well-defined community for
borrowing or reference sake. The collection of
the resources and information are provided in
digital or physical format in either a
building/room or in a virtual space or even
both. Library’s resources and collections may
include newspapers, books, films, prints, maps,
CDs, tapes, videotapes, microform, database
etc.

13.  Books (book_id, bookName, bookisbn,
BOOKAUTHOR and bookedition)
 Customer (customer_id, customername,
customer_email, customer_address)
 Staff (staff_id, staff_name, staff_address,
staff_gender, staff-_phone)
 Branch (branch_id, branch_name, branch_location)
 Issue (issue_id, issue_date, expiry_date,
book_name, book_id)
 Return (return_id, expiry_date, isuue_date,
book_id)

15.  Computerized customer service system
 Digital ID for customers and staff
 Use of a good RDBMS software in
manipulating data in the database
 RFID chip installed in books to ease
transactions and security purpose.
 Restrict access to database to only
administrators and/or authorised personnel
only