=-=-=-==-=-Overview of the Talk-=-=-=-=-=
Introduction to the Subject
Database
Rational Database
Object Rational Database
Database Management System
History
Programming
SQL,
Connecting Java, Matlab to a Database
Advance DBMS
Data Grid
BigTable
Demo
Products
MySQL, SQLite, Oracle,
DB2, Microsoft Access,
Microsoft SQL Server
Products Comparison.
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The data that indicates the earth location (latitude & longitude, or height & depth ) of these rendered objects is known as spatial data.
When the map is rendered, objects of this spatial data are used to project the location of the objects on 2-Dimentional piece of paper.
The spatial data management systems are designed to make the storage, retrieval, & manipulation of spatial data (i.e points, lines and polygons) easier and natural to users, such as GIS.
While typical databases can understand various numeric and character types of data, additional functionality needs to be added for databases to process spatial data types.
These are typically called geometry or feature.
=-=-=-==-=-Overview of the Talk-=-=-=-=-=
Introduction to the Subject
Database
Rational Database
Object Rational Database
Database Management System
History
Programming
SQL,
Connecting Java, Matlab to a Database
Advance DBMS
Data Grid
BigTable
Demo
Products
MySQL, SQLite, Oracle,
DB2, Microsoft Access,
Microsoft SQL Server
Products Comparison.
ADVANCE DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CONCEPTS & ARCHITECTURE by vikas jagtapVikas Jagtap
The data that indicates the earth location (latitude & longitude, or height & depth ) of these rendered objects is known as spatial data.
When the map is rendered, objects of this spatial data are used to project the location of the objects on 2-Dimentional piece of paper.
The spatial data management systems are designed to make the storage, retrieval, & manipulation of spatial data (i.e points, lines and polygons) easier and natural to users, such as GIS.
While typical databases can understand various numeric and character types of data, additional functionality needs to be added for databases to process spatial data types.
These are typically called geometry or feature.
Fundamentals of database system - Database System Concepts and ArchitectureMustafa Kamel Mohammadi
In this chapter you will learn
DBMS evolution
Data model
Three schema architecture
DBMS language
DBMS interfaces
DBMS components
Classification of DBMS
Fundamentals of database system - Database System Concepts and ArchitectureMustafa Kamel Mohammadi
In this chapter you will learn
DBMS evolution
Data model
Three schema architecture
DBMS language
DBMS interfaces
DBMS components
Classification of DBMS
DBMS - Database Management System, Introduction, Data and Database, DBMS meaning, Why DBMS?, History of DBMS, Characteristics of DBMS, Types of DBMS- Hierarchical DBMS, Network DBMS, Relational DBMS, Object-oriented DBMS, Applications of DBMS, Popular DBMS Software, Advantages of DBMS, disadvantages of DBMS.
This is the Briefly introduction to Database system with the help of comparison with the previous technology file Base System. In this lecture reader will be able to understand the fundamental concept of the Database System and know about the all primer Concept of the Database system. This lecture will helpful for those, who are lack or less knowledge about the Database System.
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Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...
Dbms unit01
1. DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
B. Tech II/CSE II Semester
UNIT-I PPT SLIDES
Text Books: (1) DBMS by Raghu Ramakrishnan
(2) DBMS by Sudarshan and Korth
1
2. DBMS contains information about a particular enterprise
Collection of interrelated data
Set of programs to access the data
An environment that is both convenient and efficient to use
Database Applications:
Banking: all transactions
Airlines: reservations, schedules
Universities: registration, grades
Sales: customers, products, purchases
Online retailers: order tracking, customized recommendations
Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply chain
Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax deductions
Databases touch all aspects of our lives
2
3. A very large, integrated collection of data.
Models real-world enterprise.
Entities (e.g., students, courses)
Relationships (e.g., Madonna is taking CS564)
A Database Management System (DBMS) is a
software package designed to store and manage
databases.
3
4. Data independence and efficient access.
Reduced application development time.
Data integrity and security.
Uniform data administration.
Concurrent access, recovery from crashes.
4
5. Shift from computation to information
at the “low end”: scramble to webspace (a mess!)
at the “high end”: scientific applications
Datasets increasing in diversity and volume.
Digital libraries, interactive video, Human Genome
project, EOS project
... need for DBMS exploding
DBMS encompasses most of CS
OS, languages, theory, AI, multimedia, logic
5
?
6. Application must stage large datasets
between main memory and secondary
storage (e.g., buffering, page-oriented
access, 32-bit addressing, etc.)
Special code for different queries
Must protect data from inconsistency
due to multiple concurrent users
Crash recovery
Security and access control
6
7. In the early days, database applications were built
directly on top of file systems
Drawbacks of using file systems to store data:
Data redundancy and inconsistency
Multiple file formats, duplication of information in
different files
Difficulty in accessing data
Need to write a new program to carry out each
new task
Data isolation
multiple files and formats
Integrity problems
Integrity constraints (e.g. account balance > 0)
become “buried” in program code rather than
being stated explicitly
Hard to add new constraints or change existing
ones
7
8. Drawbacks of using file systems (cont.)
Atomicity of updates
Failures may leave database in an inconsistent state
with partial updates carried out
Example: Transfer of funds from one account to
another should either complete or not happen at all
Concurrent access by multiple users
Concurrent accessed needed for performance
Uncontrolled concurrent accesses can lead to
inconsistencies
Example: Two people reading a balance and
updating it at the same time
Security problems
Hard to provide user access to some, but not all, data
Database systems offer solutions to all the above problems
8
9. Physical level: describes how a record (e.g., customer)
is stored.
Logical level: describes data stored in database, and
the relationships among the data.
type customer = record
customer_id : string;
customer_name : string;
customer_street : string;
customer_city : string;
end;
View level: application programs hide details of data
types. Views can also hide information (such as an
employee’s salary) for security purposes.
9
10. DBMS used to maintain, query large datasets.
Benefits include recovery from system crashes,
concurrent access, quick application
development, data integrity and security.
Levels of abstraction give data independence.
A DBMS typically has a layered architecture.
DBAs hold responsible jobs
and are well-paid!
DBMS R&D is one of the broadest,
most exciting areas in CS.
10
12. Similar to types and variables in programming
languages
Schema – the logical structure of the database
Example: The database consists of information
about a set of customers and accounts and the
relationship between them)
Analogous to type information of a variable in
a program
Physical schema: database design at the
physical level
Logical schema: database design at the logical
level
12
13. Instance – the actual content of the database
at a particular point in time
Analogous to the value of a variable
Physical Data Independence – the ability to
modify the physical schema without changing
the logical schema
Applications depend on the logical schema
In general, the interfaces between the
various levels and components should be
well defined so that changes in some parts
do not seriously influence others.
13
14. A collection of tools for describing
Data
Data relationships
Data semantics
Data constraints
Relational model
Entity-Relationship data model (mainly for
database design)
Object-based data models (Object-oriented and
Object-relational)
Semi structured data model (XML)
Other older models:
Network model
Hierarchical model
14
15. A data model is a collection of concepts for
describing data.
A schema is a description of a particular
collection of data, using the a given data
model.
The relational model of data is the most
widely used model today.
Main concept: relation, basically a table with
rows and columns.
Every relation has a schema, which describes
the columns, or fields.
15
16. Conceptual schema:
Students(sid: string, name: string, login: string,
age: integer, gpa:real)
Courses(cid: string, cname:string, credits:integer)
Enrolled(sid:string, cid:string, grade:string)
Physical schema:
Relations stored as unordered files.
Index on first column of Students.
External Schema (View):
Course_info(cid:string,enrollment:integer)
16
17. Applications insulated from how data is
structured and stored.
Logical data independence: Protection
from changes in logical structure of data.
Physical data independence: Protection
from changes in physical structure of data.
17
One of the most important benefits of using a DBMS!
18. Language for accessing and manipulating the data
organized by the appropriate data model
DML also known as query language
Two classes of languages
Procedural – user specifies what data is required and
how to get those data
Declarative (nonprocedural) – user specifies what
data is required without specifying how to get those
data
SQL is the most widely used query language
18
19. Specification notation for defining the database schema
Example: create table account (
account_number char(10),
branch_name char(10),
balance integer)
DDL compiler generates a set of tables stored in a data
dictionary
Data dictionary contains metadata (i.e., data about data)
Database schema
Data storage and definition language
Specifies the storage structure and access methods
used
Integrity constraints
Domain constraints
Referential integrity (e.g. branch_name must
correspond to a valid branch in the branch table)
Authorization
19
20. Example of tabular data in the relational model
20
Attributes
22. SQL: widely used non-procedural language
Example: Find the name of the customer with
customer-id 192-83-7465
select customer.customer_name
from customer
where customer.customer_id = ‘192-83-7465’
Example: Find the balances of all accounts held by
the customer with customer-id 192-83-7465
select account.balance
from depositor, account
where depositor.customer_id = ‘192-83-7465’
and
depositor.account_number =
account.account_number
22
23. Application programs generally access databases
through one of
Language extensions to allow embedded SQL
Application program interface (e.g., ODBC/JDBC)
which allow SQL queries to be sent to a database
23
24. Users are differentiated by the way they expect to interact with
the system
Application programmers – interact with system through
DML calls
Sophisticated users – form requests in a database query
language
Specialized users – write specialized database applications
that do not fit into the traditional data processing
framework
Naïve users – invoke one of the permanent application
programs that have been written previously
Examples, people accessing database over the web, bank
tellers, clerical staff
24
25. Coordinates all the activities of the database
system
has a good understanding of the enterprise’s
information resources and needs.
Database administrator's duties include:
Storage structure and access method definition
Schema and physical organization modification
Granting users authority to access the database
Backing up data
Monitoring performance and responding to
changes
Database tuning
25
27. Storage manager is a program module that provides
the interface between the low-level data stored in the
database and the application programs and queries
submitted to the system.
The storage manager is responsible to the following
tasks:
Interaction with the file manager
Efficient storing, retrieving and updating of data
Issues:
Storage access
File organization
Indexing and hashing
27
29. Alternative ways of evaluating a given query
Equivalent expressions
Different algorithms for each operation
Cost difference between a good and a bad way of
evaluating a query can be enormous
Need to estimate the cost of operations
Depends critically on statistical information about
relations which the database must maintain
Need to estimate statistics for intermediate results to
compute cost of complex expressions
29
30. A transaction is a collection of operations
that performs a single logical function in a
database application
Transaction-management component
ensures that the database remains in a
consistent (correct) state despite system
failures (e.g., power failures and operating
system crashes) and transaction failures.
Concurrency-control manager controls the
interaction among the concurrent
transactions, to ensure the consistency of the
database.
30
31. The architecture of a database systems is greatly
influenced by
the underlying computer system on which the
database is running:
Centralized
Client-server
Parallel (multiple processors and disks)
Distributed
31