This document discusses information systems and their components. It defines an information system as a study of complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizations use to collect, process, filter, create, and distribute data. An information system takes data as raw material, processes it, and produces useful information as output. The basic components of an information system include hardware, software, databases, networks, and procedures.

1. Information Systems
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Inam Ul-Haq
Lecturer Computer Science
MS Computer Science Sweden
organizer@dfd-charity.com, inam@ue.edu.pk

2. Information Systems
• Why Do People Need Information?
• Individuals - Entertainment and Enlightenment
• Businesses - Decision making, Problem Solving
and Control
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3. Information Systems
• Data vs. Information
• Data
• A “given,” fact; a number, a statement, or a picture
• The raw materials in the production of information
• Information
• Data that have meaning within a context, data after process
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4. Data, Information, and Systems
• Data Processing = Information
• Example: Customer Survey
• Reading through data collected from a customer survey with
questions in various categories would be time-consuming and
not very helpful.
• When processed, the surveys may provide useful information.
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5. Data, Information, and Systems
• Generating Information
• Computer-based ISs take data as raw material, process it, and
produce information as output. (Definition of Computer)
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5Input-process-output

6. Information Systems
• What Is a System?
• System: A set of Components that work together to achieve a
common Goal
• Subsystem: One part of a system where the products of more
than one system are combined to reach an ultimate goal
• Closed System: Stand-alone system that has no contact with
other systems
• Open System: System that interfaces with other systems
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7. Information Systems
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Several subsystems make up this corporate accounting system.

8. Information Systems
• Information and Managers
• Systems thinking
• Creates a framework(software) for Problem Solving and
Decision Making.
• Keeps managers focused on overall goals and operations of
business.
• History: emerged in 20th
century
• Definition
Information system (IS) is the study of complementary networks
of hardware and software (IT) that people and organizations
use to collect, process, filter, create, and distribute data.
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9. Information Systems
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9Qualities of humans and computers that contribute to synergy

10. Why Study IS?
• Information Systems Careers
• Systems analyst, specialist in enterprise resource planning (ERP),
database administrator, telecommunications specialist, consulting, etc.
• Knowledge Workers
• Managers and non-managers
• Employers seek computer-literate professionals who know how to use
information technology.
• Computer Literacy Replacing Traditional Literacy
• Key to full participation in western society
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11. Types of Information Systems
• Transaction processing System (TPS)
• Knowledge Management System (KMS)
• Learning Management Systems (LMS)
• Database Management System (DBMS)
• Office Information Systems (OIS)
• Management Information System (MIS)
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12. Information System
Basic Components (For computer-based IS)
An IS using computer technology to carry out some or all of its
planned tasks.
•Hardware- these are the devices like the monitor, processor,
printer and keyboard, all of which work together to accept,
process, show data and information.
•Software- are the programs that allow the hardware to process
the data.
•Databases- are the gathering of associated files or tables
containing related data.
•Networks- are a connecting system that allows diverse
computers to distribute resources.
•Procedures- are the commands for combining the components
above to process information and produce the preferred output.
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