Refraction plane power point presentaion
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This document discusses the fundamentals of refraction of light, including definitions of key terms like medium, rarer medium, denser medium, absolute refractive index, and relative refractive index. It explains that refraction occurs when light travels from one medium to another at a different speed, causing a change in direction. Snell's law is presented as relating the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction to the refractive indices of the media. Total internal reflection and applications are also mentioned.
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This document summarizes key concepts in optics and lasers. It discusses how optics studies light and its interactions with matter. It then covers the nature of light, including reflection, refraction, Snell's law, total internal reflection, and fiber optics. It defines lasers as devices that produce coherent and monochromatic beams of light via stimulated emission of radiation. Lasers have properties of being highly directional and able to focus energy in a small area. The document explains the laser process of exciting a gain medium's atoms and photons stimulating the emission of more photons with the same properties.
2 Refraction Of Light
The document discusses the refraction of light. When light travels from one medium to another, its speed changes and it bends at the boundary. There are two key effects - light rays bend towards the normal when traveling to a denser medium from a less dense one, and away from the normal in the opposite case. Snell's law states that the ratio of sines of the angle of incidence and refraction is a constant known as the refractive index.
Chapter 7 - Wave optics.pptx
MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD
CLASS XI AND XII
PHYSICS
CHAPTER 7
WAVE OPTICS
CONTENT:
Huygen's principle.
Huygen's principles & proof of laws of reflection/refraction.
Condition for construction & destruction of coherent waves.
Young's double slit experiment.
Modified Young's double slit experiment.
Intensity of light in Y.D.S.E.
Diffraction due to single slit.
Polarisation & doppler effect.
05 refraction of light
Refraction is the bending of light when passing from one medium to another. It occurs because the speed of light is decreased in denser mediums, causing the light's path to bend toward the normal. Snell's law describes the mathematical relationship between the angle of incidence and angle of refraction, stating that for two mediums, the ratio of sines of the incidence and refraction angles is equal to the ratio of the indexes of refraction. The index of refraction is a number that represents how much a medium slows light down relative to a vacuum.
slm on Refraction class 8th
Refraction is the bending of light when passing from one medium to another. It occurs because the speed of light decreases in denser mediums. This causes light rays to bend when crossing boundaries between different transparent materials. Snell's law describes the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction. Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from a denser to rarer medium at an angle above the critical angle, causing the light to be totally reflected at the boundary rather than refracted. A prism uses refraction to disperse white light into a spectrum of colors due to different wavelengths bending by different amounts.
Refractometry
This document discusses refractometry and the principles behind measuring refractive index. It describes Snell's law which relates the angles of incidence and refraction when light passes through different media. The key factors that affect refractive index are then outlined, including temperature, viscosity and wavelength. Different types of refractometers are presented, such as Abbe and Pulfrich refractometers, which measure refractive index based on critical angle determination or image displacement. Methods for determining positive or negative relief of minerals are also summarized.
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Refraction plane power point presentaion
- 1. BY SRINIVASA REDDY CHINTA Z.P.HIGH SCHOOL ROMPICHERLA
- 2. SUB-TOPICS 1.REFRACTION OF LIGHT 2.RARER MEDIUM 3.DENSER MEDIUM 4.LAWS OF REFRACTION 5.ABSOLUTE REFRACTIVE INDEX 6.RELATIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX 7.SNELL’S LAW 8.SNELL’S LAW EXPERIMENT 9.TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION 10.APPLICATIONS OF TORAL INTERNAL REFLECTION 11.LATERAL SHIFT EXPERIMENT 12.VERTICAL SHIFT EXPERIMENT
- 3. SUB-TOPICS 1.MEDIUM 1.REFRACTION OF LIGHT 2.RARER MEDIUM 3.DENSER MEDIUM 4.LAWS OF REFRACTION 5.ABSOLUTE REFRACTIVE INDEX 6.RELATIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX
- 4. MEDIUM A medium is just a material through which the light wave is passing through Types of optical media Transparent medium Translucent medium Opaque body
- 5. REFRACTION OF LIGHT The process of changing speed at an interface when light travels from one medium to another resulting change in direction is called refraction of light. The process of refraction involves bending of light ray except when it is incident normally”. Examples Mirage, bent pencil in glass of water, rainbow, sunset and sunrise are some examples of refraction of light. The speed of light in vacuum ( c )= 3.0 x 108 m/s
- 8. RARER MEDIUM A medium in which the speed of light is more is known as Optically Rarer medium. Air is optically rarer medium as compared to water
- 9. If light ray enters from rarer medium to denser medium, then refracted ray bends towards the normal drawn at the interface of separation of two media. Here angle of incidence is greater than angle of refreaction. Then, i > r
- 10. DENSER MEDIUM If light ray enters from denser medium to rarer medium, then refracted ray bends away from normal drawn at the interface of separation of two media. i < r
- 11. LAWS OF REFRACTION 1. The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal all lie in the same plane.
- 12. SECOND LAW OF REFRACTION 2.During refraction, light follows Snell’s law n1 sin i = n2 sin r (or) sin i / sin r = constant
- 13. ABSOLUTE REFRACTIVE INDEX The ratio of speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in the given medium is defined as refractive index ‘n’. It is the property of a transparent medium. It is also called as absolute refractive index. Absolute refractive index = Speed of light in vacuum/ Speed of light in medium. n = c/v Refractive index depends on the following factors. 1).Nature of material 2) wavelength of light used.
- 14. RELATIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX The refractive index of a medium with respect to another medium is defined as the ratio of speed of light in the first medium to the speed of light in the second medium. Let v1 and v2 be the speeds of light in the first and second media respectively. Then, Refractive index of second medium with respect to first medium is given by n21 = speed of light in medium -1 speed of light in medium - 2 n21 = v1/v2 Dividing both numerator and denominator by ‘c’ we get n21 = ( v1/c) / ( v2/c) = (1/ n1 ) /(1/ n2 ) n21 = n2 / n1 ....................(2) This is called relative refractive Index. We define relative Refractive index as follow Relative refractive index, ( n21 ) = Refractive index of second medium ( n2 ) Refractive index of first medium ( n1 )