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Rectangular antenna
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- 2. Outline • Introduction • Applicationsof Microstrip Patch Antenna Technical • Shapes of Micro Strip Patch Antenna • Bandwidth • Feeding techniques • S-parameters • VSWR (Voltage Standing Waves Ratio) • Gain • Calculation of width and length of RMPA • Microstrip Antenna Advantages and Limitations RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA _______________________________ _______________________________
- 3. Introduction • Antenna isbasic component of any electronic system which depends on free space as a propagation medium • The basic antenna parameters like gain, bandwidth, beam width and return loss are the main things to be considered while designing an antenna • But our work will be more focused to increase bandwidth using slotting. All this work will be done by using HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) • The concept of Microstrip antenna was first proposed by Deschamps in 1953 RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA _______________________________ _______________________________
- 4. RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCHANTENNA Applications of Microstrip Patch Antenna Figure 1: Rectangular Microstrip patch antenna • There are several types of antennas available as per application and requirement, we can list Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, satellite communication, mobile communication, GPS
- 5. RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCHANTENNA • There are different shapes of patch like rectangular, circular, ring, triangular, hexagonal etc. we are going to more discuss about rectangular one Shapes of Micro Strip Patch Antenna
- 6. Bandwidth RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCHANTENNA • The bandwidth of the patch is defined as the frequency range over which it is matched with that of the feed line within specified limits • The bandwidth of an antenna is usually defined by the acceptable S-parameters or Return Loss S11 from -10 dB to down value over the concerned frequency range. • To calculate the measure of percentage of the bandwidth (%B), we have: • 𝐹 𝐻−𝐹 𝐿 • %𝐵= 𝐹𝐶 ×100 : Where 𝐹 𝐻 is the highest frequency, 𝐹 𝐿 is the lowest frequency and 𝐹 𝐶 is the central frequency
- 7. Feeding techniques • Feedingtechnique influences the input impedance and polarization characteristics of the antenna • These are coaxial probe feeds, microstrip line feeds, and aperture coupled feeds • Microstrip line-feeds structures are more suitable compared to probe feeds and aperture coupled feeds , due to easy of fabrication and lower costs RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA _______________________________ _______________________________
- 8. 8RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCHANTENNA S-parameters • S-parameters are a function of frequency • S11 represents how much power is reflected from the antenna, and hence is known as the reflection coefficient or return loss • If S11=0 dB, then all the power is reflected from the antenna and nothing is radiated • If S11= -3 dB, it means 50% of the signal is throwing back before starting sending. It is for calculate HPBW (half power bandwidth) • If S11= -10 dB (acceptable value), it means 10% of the incident power is reflected back towards the source from antenna
- 9. VSWR (Voltage Standing WavesRatio) •VSWR is a function of the reflection coefficient, which describes the power reflected from the antenna •VSWR is a measure of how much power is delivered to an antenna. •An antenna matches well when VSWR is comprised between (1 < VSWR <2). RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA
- 10. Gain _______________________________ _______________________________ • The gainof the antenna is a basic property which is frequently used as figure of merit • The power radiated by any practical antenna is concentrated more in one direction and less in others directions • the gain of any antenna can be defined as RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA
- 11. Calculation of widthand length of RMPA RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA
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- 13. Microstrip Antenna Advantagesand Limitations • Advantages of microstrip antenna • Low weight, low volume, and then profile configurations, which can be conform. • Low fabrication cost, eagerly amenable to mass production. • Linear and circular polarizations are possible with simple feed. • Dual frequency and dual polarization antennas can be easily made. • Can be easily integrated with microwave integrated circuit. • Feed lines and matching networks can be fabricated concurrently with the antenna structure. _______________________________ _______________________________ RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA
- 14. Limitations RECTANGULAR MICRO-STRIP PATCHANTENNA _______________________________ _______________________________ • Narrow Bandwidth (BW) and associated tolerance problems. • Complex feed structure required for high performance arrays. • Unrelated radiation from feeds and junction. • Excitation of surface waves. • Lower power handling capability
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